gst-launch-1.0 (1)

NAME

gst-launch - build and run a GStreamer pipeline

SYNOPSIS

gst-launch [OPTION...] PIPELINE-DESCRIPTION

DESCRIPTION

gst-launch is a tool that builds and runs basic GStreamer pipelines.
In simple form, a PIPELINE-DESCRIPTION is a list of elements separated by exclamation marks (!). Properties may be appended to elements, in the form property=value.
For a complete description of possible PIPELINE-DESCRIPTIONS see the section pipeline description below or consult the GStreamer documentation.
Please note that gst-launch is primarily a debugging tool for developers and users. You should not build applications on top of it. For applications, use the gst_parse_launch() function of the GStreamer API as an easy way to construct pipelines from pipeline descriptions.

OPTIONS

gst-launch accepts the following options:

--help

Print help synopsis and available FLAGS

-v, --verbose

Output status information and property notifications

-q, --quiet

Do not print any progress information

-m, --messages

Output messages posted on the pipeline's bus

-t, --tags

Output tags (also known as metadata)

-e, --eos-on-shutdown

Force an EOS event on sources before shutting the pipeline down. This is useful to make sure muxers create readable files when a muxing pipeline is shut down forcefully via Control-C.

-i, --index

Gather and print index statistics. This is mostly useful for playback or recording pipelines.

-f, --no-fault

Do not install a fault handler

-T, --trace

Print memory allocation traces. The feature must be enabled at compile time to work.

GSTREAMER OPTIONS

gst-launch also accepts the following options that are common to all GStreamer applications:

--gst-version

Prints the version string of the GStreamer core library.

--gst-fatal-warnings

Causes GStreamer to abort if a warning message occurs. This is equivalent to setting the environment variable G_DEBUG to 'fatal_warnings' (see the section environment variables below for further information).

--gst-debug=STRING

A comma separated list of category_name:level pairs to specify debugging levels for each category. Level is in the range 0-9 where 0 will show no messages, and 9 will show all messages. The wildcard * can be used to match category names. Note that the order of categories and levels is important, wildcards at the end may override levels set earlier. The log levels are: 1=ERROR, 2=WARNING, 3=FIXME, 4=INFO, 5=DEBUG, 6=LOG, 7=TRACE, 9=MEMDUMP. Since GStreamer 1.2 one can also use the debug level names, e.g. --gst-debug=*sink:LOG. A full description of the various debug levels can be found in the GStreamer core library API documentation, in the "Running GStreamer Applications" section.
Use --gst-debug-help to show category names
Example: GST_CAT:5,GST_ELEMENT_*:3,oggdemux:5

--gst-debug-level=LEVEL

Sets the threshold for printing debugging messages. A higher level will print more messages. The useful range is 0-9, with the default being 0. Level 6 (LOG level) will show all information that is usually required for debugging purposes. Higher levels are only useful in very specific cases. See above for the full list of levels.

--gst-debug-no-color

GStreamer normally prints debugging messages so that the messages are color-coded when printed to a terminal that handles ANSI escape sequences. Using this option causes GStreamer to print messages without color. Setting the GST_DEBUG_NO_COLOR environment variable will achieve the same thing.

--gst-debug-color-mode

GStreamer normally prints debugging messages so that the messages are color-coded when printed to a terminal that handles ANSI escape sequences (on *nix), or uses W32 console API to color the messages printed into a console (on W32). Using this option causes GStreamer to print messages without color ('off' or 'disable'), print messages with default colors ('on' or 'auto'), or print messages using ANSI escape sequences for coloring ('unix'). Setting the GST_DEBUG_COLOR_MODE environment variable will achieve the same thing.

--gst-debug-disable

Disables debugging.

--gst-debug-help

Prints a list of available debug categories and their default debugging level.

--gst-plugin-spew

GStreamer info flags to set Enable printout of errors while loading GStreamer plugins

--gst-plugin-path=PATH

Add directories separated with ':' to the plugin search path

--gst-plugin-load=PLUGINS

Preload plugins specified in a comma-separated list. Another way to specify plugins to preload is to use the environment variable GST_PLUGIN_PATH

PIPELINE DESCRIPTION

A pipeline consists elements and links. Elements can be put into bins of different sorts. Elements, links and bins can be specified in a pipeline description in any order.
Elements
ELEMENTTYPE [PROPERTY1 ...]
Creates an element of type ELEMENTTYPE and sets the PROPERTIES.
Properties
PROPERTY=VALUE ...
Sets the property to the specified value. You can use gst-inspect(1) to find out about properties and allowed values of different elements.
Enumeration properties can be set by name, nick or value.
Bins
[BINTYPE.] ( [PROPERTY1 ...] PIPELINE-DESCRIPTION )

Specifies that a bin of type BINTYPE is created and the given properties are set. Every element between the braces is put into the bin. Please note the dot that has to be used after the BINTYPE. You will almost never need this functionality, it is only really useful for applications using the gst_launch_parse() API with 'bin' as bintype. That way it is possible to build partial pipelines instead of a full-fledged top-level pipeline.
Links
[[SRCELEMENT].[PAD1,...]] ! [[SINKELEMENT].[PAD1,...]] [[SRCELEMENT].[PAD1,...]] ! CAPS ! [[SINKELEMENT].[PAD1,...]]
Links the element with name SRCELEMENT to the element with name SINKELEMENT, using the caps specified in CAPS as a filter. Names can be set on elements with the name property. If the name is omitted, the element that was specified directly in front of or after the link is used. This works across bins. If a padname is given, the link is done with these pads. If no pad names are given all possibilities are tried and a matching pad is used. If multiple padnames are given, both sides must have the same number of pads specified and multiple links are done in the given order.
So the simplest link is a simple exclamation mark, that links the element to the left of it to the element right of it.

Caps
MEDIATYPE [, PROPERTY[, PROPERTY ...]]] [; CAPS[; CAPS ...]]
Creates a capability with the given media type and optionally with given properties. The media type can be escaped using " or '. If you want to chain caps, you can add more caps in the same format afterwards.
Properties
NAME=[(TYPE)]VALUE
in lists and ranges: [(TYPE)]VALUE
Sets the requested property in capabilities. The name is an alphanumeric value and the type can have the following case-insensitive values:
- i or int for integer values or ranges
- f or float for float values or ranges
- b, bool or boolean for boolean values
- s, str or string for strings
- fraction for fractions (framerate, pixel-aspect-ratio)
- l or list for lists
If no type was given, the following order is tried: integer, float, boolean, string.
Integer values must be parsable by strtol(), floats by strtod(). FOURCC values may either be integers or strings. Boolean values are (case insensitive) yes, no, true or false and may like strings be escaped with " or '.
Ranges are in this format: [ VALUE, VALUE ]
Lists use this format: { VALUE [, VALUE ...] }

PIPELINE EXAMPLES

The examples below assume that you have the correct plug-ins available. In general, "osssink" can be substituted with another audio output plug-in such as "esdsink", "alsasink", "osxaudiosink", or "artsdsink". Likewise, "xvimagesink" can be substituted with "ximagesink", "sdlvideosink", "osxvideosink", or "aasink". Keep in mind though that different sinks might accept different formats and even the same sink might accept different formats on different machines, so you might need to add converter elements like audioconvert and audioresample (for audio) or videoconvert (for video) in front of the sink to make things work.
Audio playback

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.mp3 ! mad ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Play the mp3 music file "music.mp3" using a libmad-based plug-in and output to an OSS device

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.ogg ! oggdemux ! vorbisdec ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Play an Ogg Vorbis format file

        gst-launch gnomevfssrc location=music.mp3 ! mad ! osssink

        gst-launch gnomevfssrc location=domain.com/music.mp3 ! mad ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Play an mp3 file or an http stream using GNOME-VFS

        gst-launch gnomevfssrc location=smb://computer/music.mp3 ! mad ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Use GNOME-VFS to play an mp3 file located on an SMB server
Format conversion

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.mp3 ! mad ! audioconvert ! vorbisenc ! oggmux ! filesink location=music.ogg
Convert an mp3 music file to an Ogg Vorbis file

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.mp3 ! mad ! audioconvert ! flacenc ! filesink location=test.flac
Convert to the FLAC format
Other

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.wav ! wavparse ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Plays a .WAV file that contains raw audio data (PCM).

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.wav ! wavparse ! audioconvert ! vorbisenc ! oggmux ! filesink location=music.ogg

        gst-launch filesrc location=music.wav ! wavparse ! audioconvert ! lame ! filesink location=music.mp3
Convert a .WAV file containing raw audio data into an Ogg Vorbis or mp3 file

        gst-launch cdparanoiasrc mode=continuous ! audioconvert ! lame ! id3v2mux ! filesink location=cd.mp3
rips all tracks from compact disc and convert them into a single mp3 file

        gst-launch cdparanoiasrc track=5 ! audioconvert ! lame ! id3v2mux ! filesink location=track5.mp3
rips track 5 from the CD and converts it into a single mp3 file
Using gst-inspect(1), it is possible to discover settings like the above for cdparanoiasrc that will tell it to rip the entire cd or only tracks of it. Alternatively, you can use an URI and gst-launch-1.0 will find an element (such as cdparanoia) that supports that protocol for you, e.g.:
       gst-launch cdda://5 ! lame vbr=new vbr-quality=6 ! filesink location=track5.mp3

        gst-launch osssrc ! audioconvert ! vorbisenc ! oggmux ! filesink location=input.ogg
records sound from your audio input and encodes it into an ogg file
Video

        gst-launch filesrc location=JB_FF9_TheGravityOfLove.mpg ! dvddemux ! mpeg2dec ! xvimagesink
Display only the video portion of an MPEG-1 video file, outputting to an X display window

        gst-launch filesrc location=/flflfj.vob ! dvddemux ! mpeg2dec ! sdlvideosink
Display the video portion of a .vob file (used on DVDs), outputting to an SDL window

        gst-launch filesrc location=movie.mpg ! dvddemux name=demuxer  demuxer. ! queue ! mpeg2dec ! sdlvideosink  demuxer. ! queue ! mad ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Play both video and audio portions of an MPEG movie

        gst-launch filesrc location=movie.mpg ! mpegdemux name=demuxer demuxer. ! queue ! mpeg2dec ! videoconvert ! sdlvideosink   demuxer. ! queue ! mad ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Play an AVI movie with an external text subtitle stream
This example also shows how to refer to specific pads by name if an element (here: textoverlay) has multiple sink or source pads.

        gst-launch textoverlay name=overlay ! videoconvert ! videoscale !  autovideosink   filesrc location=movie.avi ! decodebin ! videoconvert ! overlay.video_sink   filesrc location=movie.srt ! subparse ! overlay.text_sink

Play an AVI movie with an external text subtitle stream using playbin

        gst-launch playbin uri=file:///path/to/movie.avi suburi=file:///path/to/movie.srt
Network streaming
Stream video using RTP and network elements.

        gst-launch v4l2src ! video/x-raw,width=128,height=96,format=UYVY ! videoconvert ! ffenc_h263 ! video/x-h263 ! rtph263ppay pt=96 ! udpsink host=192.168.1.1 port=5000
This command would be run on the transmitter

        gst-launch udpsrc port=5000 ! application/x-rtp, clock-rate=90000,payload=96 ! rtph263pdepay queue-delay=0 ! ffdec_h263 ! xvimagesink
Use this command on the receiver
Diagnostic

        gst-launch -v fakesrc num-buffers=16 ! fakesink
Generate a null stream and ignore it (and print out details).

        gst-launch audiotestsrc ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Generate a pure sine tone to test the audio output

        gst-launch videotestsrc ! xvimagesink

        gst-launch videotestsrc ! ximagesink
Generate a familiar test pattern to test the video output
Automatic linking
You can use the decodebin element to automatically select the right elements to get a working pipeline.

        gst-launch filesrc location=musicfile ! decodebin ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink
Play any supported audio format

        gst-launch filesrc location=videofile ! decodebin name=decoder decoder. ! queue ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! osssink   decoder. !  videoconvert ! xvimagesink
Play any supported video format with video and audio output. Threads are used automatically. To make this even easier, you can use the playbin element:

        gst-launch playbin uri=file:///home/joe/foo.avi


Filtered connections
These examples show you how to use filtered caps.

        gst-launch videotestsrc ! 'video/x-raw,format=YUY2;video/x-raw,format=YV12' ! xvimagesink
Show a test image and use the YUY2 or YV12 video format for this.

        gst-launch osssrc !  'audio/x-raw,rate=[32000,64000],format={S16LE,S24LE,S32LE}' ! wavenc ! filesink location=recording.wav
record audio and write it to a .wav file. Force usage of signed 16 to 32 bit samples and a sample rate between 32kHz and 64KHz.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

GST_DEBUG

Comma-separated list of debug categories and levels (e.g. GST_DEBUG=totem:4,typefind:5). '*' is allowed as a wildcard as part of debug category names (e.g. GST_DEBUG=*sink:6,*audio*:6). Since 1.2.0 it is also possible to specify the log level by name (1=ERROR, 2=WARN, 3=FIXME, 4=INFO, 5=DEBUG, 6=LOG, 7=TRACE, 9=MEMDUMP) (e.g. GST_DEBUG=*audio*:LOG)

GST_DEBUG_NO_COLOR

When this environment variable is set, coloured debug output is disabled.

GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR

When set to a filesystem path, store 'dot' files of pipeline graphs there. These can then later be converted into an image using the 'dot' utility from the graphviz set of tools, like this: dot foo.dot -Tsvg -o foo.svg (png or jpg are also possible as output format). There is also a utility called 'xdot' which allows you to view the .dot file directly without converting it first.

GST_REGISTRY

Path of the plugin registry file. Default is ~/.cache/gstreamer-1.0/registry-CPU.bin where CPU is the machine/cpu type GStreamer was compiled for, e.g. 'i486', 'i686', 'x86-64',

GST_REGISTRY_UPDATE

Set to "no" to force GStreamer to assume that no plugins have changed, been added or been removed. This will make GStreamer skip the initial check whether a rebuild of the registry cache is required or not. This may be useful in embedded environments where the installed plugins never change. Do not use this option in any other setup.

GST_PLUGIN_PATH

Specifies a list of directories to scan for additional plugins. These take precedence over the system plugins.

GST_PLUGIN_SYSTEM_PATH

Specifies a list of plugins that are always loaded by default. If not set, this defaults to the system-installed path, and the plugins installed in the user's home directory

GST_DEBUG_FILE

Set this variable to a file path to redirect all GStreamer debug messages to this file. If left unset, debug messages with be output unto the standard error.

ORC_CODE

Useful Orc environment variable. Set ORC_CODE=debug to enable debuggers such as gdb to create useful backtraces from Orc-generated code. Set ORC_CODE=backup or ORC_CODE=emulate if you suspect Orc's SIMD code generator is producing incorrect code. (Quite a few important GStreamer plugins like videotestsrc, audioconvert or audioresample use Orc).

G_DEBUG

Useful GLib environment variable. Set G_DEBUG=fatal_warnings to make GStreamer programs abort when a critical warning such as an assertion failure occurs. This is useful if you want to find out which part of the code caused that warning to be triggered and under what circumstances. Simply set G_DEBUG as mentioned above and run the program in gdb (or let it core dump). Then get a stack trace in the usual way.

FILES

~/.cache/gstreamer-1.0/registry-*.bin

The plugin cache; can be deleted at any time, will be re-created automatically when it does not exist yet or plugins change. Based on XDG_CACHE_DIR, so may be in a different location than the one suggested.

SEE ALSO

gst-inspect-1.0(1), gst-launch-1.0(1),

AUTHOR

The GStreamer team at gstreamer.freedesktop.org