bus_setup_intr (9)

Leading comments

Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   documenta...

(The comments found at the beginning of the groff file "man9/bus_setup_intr.9freebsd".)

NAME

BUS_SETUP_INTR bus_setup_intr BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR bus_teardown_intr - create, attach and teardown an interrupt handler

SYNOPSIS

In sys/param.h In sys/bus.h Ft int Fo BUS_SETUP_INTR Fa device_t dev device_t child struct resource *irq int flags Fa driver_filter_t *filter driver_intr_t *ithread void *arg Fa void **cookiep Fc Ft int Fo bus_setup_intr Fa device_t dev struct resource *r int flags Fa driver_filter_t filter driver_intr_t ithread void *arg Fa void **cookiep Fc Ft int Fo BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR Fa device_t dev device_t child struct resource *irq void *cookiep Fc Ft int Fn bus_teardown_intr device_t dev struct resource *r void *cookiep

DESCRIPTION

The Fn BUS_SETUP_INTR method will create and attach an interrupt handler to an interrupt previously allocated by the resource manager's BUS_ALLOC_RESOURCE9 method. The Fa flags are found in In sys/bus.h , and give the broad category of interrupt. The Fa flags also tell the interrupt handlers about certain device driver characteristics. INTR_EXCL marks the handler as being an exclusive handler for this interrupt. INTR_MPSAFE tells the scheduler that the interrupt handler is well behaved in a preemptive environment (``SMP safe''), and does not need to be protected by the ``Giant Lock'' mutex. INTR_ENTROPY marks the interrupt as being a good source of entropy - this may be used by the entropy device /dev/random

To define a time-critical handler that will not execute any potentially blocking operation, use the Fa filter argument. See the Sx Filter Routines section below for information on writing a filter. Otherwise, use the Fa ithread argument. The defined handler will be called with the value Fa arg as its only argument. See the Sx ithread Routines section below for more information on writing an interrupt handler.

The Fa cookiep argument is a pointer to a Vt void * that Fn BUS_SETUP_INTR will write a cookie for the parent bus' use to if it is successful in establishing an interrupt. Driver writers may assume that this cookie will be non-zero. The nexus driver will write 0 on failure to Fa cookiep .

The interrupt handler will be detached by Fn BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR . The cookie needs to be passed to Fn BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR in order to tear down the correct interrupt handler. Once Fn BUS_TEARDOWN_INTR returns, it is guaranteed that the interrupt function is not active and will no longer be called.

Mutexes are not allowed to be held across calls to these functions.

Filter Routines

A filter runs in primary interrupt context. In this context, normal mutexes cannot be used. Only the spin lock version of these can be used (specified by passing MTX_SPIN to Fn mtx_init when initializing the mutex). wakeup(9) and similar routines can be called. Atomic operations from machine/atomic may be used. Reads and writes to hardware through bus_space9 may be used. PCI configuration registers may be read and written. All other kernel interfaces cannot be used.

In this restricted environment, care must be taken to account for all races. A careful analysis of races should be done as well. It is generally cheaper to take an extra interrupt, for example, than to protect variables with spinlocks. Read, modify, write cycles of hardware registers need to be carefully analyzed if other threads are accessing the same registers.

Generally, a filter routine will use one of two strategies. The first strategy is to simply mask the interrupt in hardware and allow the ithread routine to read the state from the hardware and then reenable interrupts. The ithread also acknowledges the interrupt before re-enabling the interrupt source in hardware. Most PCI hardware can mask its interrupt source.

The second common approach is to use a filter with multiple taskqueue(9) tasks. In this case, the filter acknowledges the interrupts and queues the work to the appropriate taskqueue. Where one has to multiplex different kinds of interrupt sources, like a network card's transmit and receive paths, this can reduce lock contention and increase performance.

You should not malloc(9) from inside a filter. You may not call anything that uses a normal mutex. Witness may complain about these.

ithread Routines

You can do whatever you want in an ithread routine, except sleep. Care must be taken not to sleep in an ithread. In addition, one should minimize lock contention in an ithread routine because contested locks ripple over to all other ithread routines on that interrupt.

Sleeping

Sleeping is voluntarily giving up control of your thread. All the sleep routine found in msleep(9) sleep. Waiting for a condition variable described in condvar(9) is sleeping. Calling any function that does any of these things is sleeping.

RETURN VALUES

Zero is returned on success, otherwise an appropriate error is returned.

SEE ALSO

random(4), device(9), driver(9), locking(9)

AUTHORS

An -nosplit This manual page was written by An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org based on the manual pages for Fn BUS_CREATE_INTR and Fn BUS_CONNECT_INTR written by An Doug Rabson Aq dfr@FreeBSD.org .