pdmenurc (5)

NAME

pdmenurc - menu definitions file for pdmenu

SYNOPSIS

/etc/pdmenurc

~/.pdmenurc

DESCRIPTION

The pdmenurc file defines menus for pdmenu(1) to display. Each menu consists of one or more menu entries. The first menu to appear in the file is displayed by pdmenu(1) when it starts up, and can have menu entries that call up submenus.

EXAMPLES

Here is a sample pdmenurc file:

 #Set a pleasing color scheme.
 color:desktop:blue:blue
 color:title:blue:white
 color:base:blue:white

 #this is a comment
 menu:main:Main Menu:Things to do at foobar
      show:_Games..::games
      exec:_Mail::pine
      exec:_News::slrn -C
      exec:_WWW::lynx
      exec:_Irc::irc
      exec:_Directory _Listing:display:ls -l
      exec:_Who's online?:truncate:w
      exec:_Finger:edit,truncate:finger ~finger who?:~
      nop
      exit:E_xit
        
 menu:games:Games:Some text-based games
     exec:_Tetris for Terminals::/usr/games/tt
     exec:_Adventure:pause:/usr/games/adventure
     exec:_Zork:pause:/usr/games/zork
     nop
     exit:_Back to main menu..
This will display a menu, with a submenu for games.

FORMAT

pdmenu(1) doesn't care how the pdmenurc is indented; all whitespace is ignored. However, each command must be on its own line. The commands are grouped into two classes: those that appear only in menus, and those that can appear anywhere in the file.

COMMANDS THAT MAY BE USED ANYWHERE

These commands may appear in a menu, or outside of a menu. They take effect as soon as pdmenu(1) sees them.

menu

This starts a menu. All items between this menu command and the next will comprise one menu. If a menu with the same id has already been defined earlier, then all items between this menu command and the next will be added to the menu. The syntax is:

menu:menuid:title[:helptext]

menuid

The id of the menu (each menu must have a unique id).

title

The title of the menu.

helptext

Text to be displayed at the bottom of the screen when the menu is active.

title

This overrides the default title at the top of the screen. The syntax is:

title:text

color

This changes the color of a part of the display. Later color commands override earlier color commands that would affect the same part of the display. The syntax is:

color:screenpart:foreground[:background]

screenpart

The area of the screen which takes on the selected color scheme. Areas of the screen that can be set are:

desktop

The space over which the menus appear.

title

The line at the top of the screen.

base

The line at the bottom of the screen.

menu

The normal color of text in a menu.

selbar

The selection bar in the menu, when over normal text.

shadow

The shadow of a window

menuhot

The color of text in a menu that is a hotkey.

selbarhot

The color of a hotkey when the selection bar is over it.

unselmenu

The color of a menu window that is not currently active.

foreground

The color to use in the foreground. Valid colors are:

 black           gray
 red             brightred
 green           brightgreen
 brown           yellow
 blue            brightblue
 magenta         brightmagenta
 cyan            brightcyan
 lightgray       white

background

The color to use in the background. On most terminals, the background color can only be one of the colors listed in the first column above.

read

This causes another menu definitions file to be read in and replace the read command. This is quite similar to #include in a c program. The syntax is:

read:rcfile

Note that no checking is done to prevent recursive read commands, and that such a recursive command can crash pdmenu.

preproc

This runs a command, and uses its output as a pdmenurc file, which is read in and replaces the preproc command. Typically a preprocessor such as m4 or cpp will be used. The syntax is:

preproc:command [args]

Note that no checking is done to prevent recursive preproc commands, and that such a recursive command can crash pdmenu.

COMMANDS THAT MUST APPEAR INSIDE MENUS

These commands must always appear within a menu. They are only executed if the user selects them from the menu.

show

This displays a submenu. The syntax is:

show:desc:flags:menuid

menuid

The id of the menu to show, corresponding to the menuid given in the menu's definition.

desc

The description of the submenu to appear in the parent window.

To place a hotkey in the description, put a '_' before the character you want to become the hotkey. It is a good idea to differentiate submenus from commands in a menu by, for example, appending ".." to their descriptions.

flags

Currently ignored.

nop

This does nothing but place a blank line in the menu. Nop commands may not appear as the first command in a menu. Syntax:

nop[:text]

text

If this is present, it will appear in the menu where the nop is. Otherwise, the nop in the menu will be a blank line.

helptext

This changes the helptext of the currently displayed menu. The syntax is:

helptext:desc:flags:help text

desc

The text to appear on the menu.

flags

Currently the only available flag is "command", which makes the help text be read in from a command in the help text field, instead of using the literal value of the field. The first line the command outputs becomes the new help text.

exit

If only one menu is on the screen when this is selected, then pdmenu(1) will quit. Otherwise, this will take the user back to the parent menu of the menu they are currently in. Selecting an exit command in a menu is equivalent to pressing 'q', unless you have ran pdmenu(1) with the -q switch. The syntax is:

exit:desc

desc

The description of the menu item.

To place a hotkey in the description, put a '_' before the character you want to become the hotkey.

group

This creates a menu entry that can run multiple commands at the same time. After the group command, list the commands that make up the group. Close the group with the endgroup command. When the group is selected from the menu, each command in the group will be run, in turn. Note that if a group caintains an exit command, processing will stop there even if there are more commands in the group. Group commands may not be nested. The syntax is:

group:desc

desc

The description of the menu item.

To place a hotkey in the description, put a '_' before the character you want to become the hotkey.

endgroup

This closes a group command. Every command between the opening group command and the endgroup comprises a group of commands.

exec

This runs a command. The syntax is:

exec:desc:flags:command

command

The actual command to run when this item is selected.

Normally, pdmenu(1) passes the command to system(3) for exacution. However, if the first token of the command is "exec", then the command is executed directly with the execvp(3) system call. As such, the pdmenu(1) process is wholly replaced by the command.

desc

The description of the command that appears in the menu.

To place a hotkey in the description, put a '_' before the character you want to become the hotkey.

flags

How to run this command, and what to do with its output. Any number of the following flags can be specified, in any order, separated by commas. (for example, "display,edit")

Some of the flags conflict with each over, for example, 'display' and 'pause' cannot both be used at the same time. If conflicting flags are specified, Pdmenu will just pick one of them and use it.

Note that to maintain backward compatability with old versions of Pdmenu, the flags can be formatted differently: as a sequence of characters, each character a flag and corrisponding to the first character of the long flag name, and nothing separating the characters. However, this format is obsolete and hard to understand, and should no longer be used.

noclear

By default the screen is cleared and the terminal is reset to normal before pdmenu(1) runs a command from the menu, and after the command exits, the screen is redrawn. If this flag is set, the screen is not cleared or redrawn. Use it if you have a command on the menu that does not produce any output to the screen. (Conflicts with: 'pause')

pause

Pause after the command exits. Use this if you need to see the output of the command. (Conflicts with: 'noclear', 'display', 'truncate', 'makemenu', and 'setenv')

display

Display the output of the command in a window. If this flag is set, the 'pause' flag is disabled, and the 'noclear' flag is automatically set. If the command outputs lines that are too long, they will be wrapped inside the window. (Conflicts with: 'pause', 'truncate', 'makemenu', 'setenv')

truncate

Like 'display', except the output of the command is truncated to fit in the window, not wrapped. (Conflicts with: 'pause', 'display', 'mmakemenu', 'setenv')

edit

Edit the command interactively.

When this flag is set, the command to be run is scanned for any tags of the format ~title:default~. For each that is found, a text entry window is displayed, with the title equal to the contents of the title field, and the default text equal to the contents of the default field.

To use the '~' or ':' characters in the command without having them interpreted as tag delimiters, escape them with a '\' character. (Ie, '\~' and '\:')

Security warning! Any exec command that uses the 'edit' flag will be a security hole. The user need only to enter text with a ';' in it, and they can run an arbitrary command after the semicolon!

There is no fix for this security problem at this time. If the user running pdmenu(1) is not a trusted user (if they are a guest user, say), do not allow them access to any exec commands that have the 'edit' flag set.

makemenu

This flag lets you generate menus on the fly as pdmenu(1) is running. It runs the command, then processes the output of the command as if it were a pdmenurc file.

Here is a sample use of this flag. It creates a menu of people who are logged on, and lets you talk to one of them. Notice the use of remove to clear the menu after we use it.

  group:_Talk
    exec::makemenu: \
      echo "menu:talk:Talk"; \
      for u in `users`; do \
        echo "exec:$u::talk $u"; \
      done
    show:::talk
    remove:::talk
  endgroup

(Conflicts with: 'display', 'truncate', 'pause', 'display', 'setenv')

setenv

Set an environment variable.

This flag causes pdmenu(1) to set a variable in its own environment. pdmenu(1) runs the exec command, and looks at the command's output. The first line should be in the format

VAR=value

Where VAR is the environment variable to set, and value is the new value for the variable.

For example, use "echo PWD=/tmp" to set the current working directory to /tmp. (Conflicts with: 'makemenu', 'display', 'truncate', and 'pause')

remove

This removes a menu from Pdmenu's list of menus. You should never attempt to remove a menu that is currently being displayed on screen. The syntax is:

remove:desc:flags:menuid

desc

The description of the command that appears in the menu.

To place a hotkey in the description, put a '_' before the character you want to become the hotkey.

flags

Currently ignored.

menuid

The id of the menu to remove. If the menu wih id menuid does not exist, no error is reported.

This command is typically used after creating and using a new menu via the
 'makemenu' flag to exec, to remove a menu that is no longer needed. For example, if you have the followng pdmenurc:

 menu:main:Main Menu
   group:_Test
     exec::makemenu: \
       echo menu:sample:Dir; \
       echo exec:_Directory:pause:ls
     show:::sample
   endgroup
Each time the user selects "Test" from the Main Menu, the menu that appears has another Directory command on it. If you don't want this to happen, and you want only one Directory command to be on the menu, add a command to remove the menu after it is used, like this:

 menu:main:Main Menu
   group:_Test
     exec::makemenu: \
       echo menu:sample:Dir; \
       echo exec:_Directory:pause:ls
     show:::sample
     remove:::sample
   endgroup

NOTES

If a line ends with '\', pdmenu(1) will read in the next line as part of the same logical line.

If you want the ':' character to appear in a field, you may escape out the ':' character by placing '\' before it. You don't need to do this if the field is the last field in a line.

FILES

/etc/pdmenurc

Default config file.

~/.pdmenurc

If this exists, it overrides /etc/pdmenurc.

AUTHOR

Joey Hess, <joey@kitenet.net>.

SEE ALSO

pdmenu(1)