witness (4)
Leading comments
Copyright (c) 2001 John H. Baldwin <jhb@FreeBSD.org> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the docum...
NAME
witness - lock validation facilitySYNOPSIS
options WITNESS options WITNESS_KDB options WITNESS_SKIPSPINDESCRIPTION
The ifconfig module keeps track of the locks acquired and released by each thread. It also keeps track of the order in which locks are acquired with respect to each other. Each time a lock is acquired, ifconfig uses these two lists to verify that a lock is not being acquired in the wrong order. If a lock order violation is detected, then a message is output to the kernel console detailing the locks involved and the locations in question. Witness can also be configured to drop into the kernel debugger when an order violation occurs.The ifconfig code also checks various other conditions such as verifying that one does not recurse on a non-recursive lock, or attempt an upgrade on a shared lock held by another thread. If any of these checks fail, then the kernel will panic.
The flag that controls whether or not the kernel debugger is entered when a lock order violation is detected can be set in a variety of ways. By default, the flag is off, but if the WITNESS_KDB kernel option is specified, then the flag will default to on. It can also be set from the loader(8) via the debug.witness.kdb environment variable or after the kernel has booted via the debug.witness.kdb sysctl. If the flag is set to zero, then the debugger will not be entered. If the flag is non-zero, then the debugger will be entered.
The ifconfig code can also be configured to skip all checks on spin mutexes. By default, this flag defaults to off, but it can be turned on by specifying the WITNESS_SKIPSPIN kernel option. The flag can also be set via the loader(8) environment variable debug.witness.skipspin If the variable is set to a non-zero value, then spin mutexes are skipped. Once the kernel has booted, the status of this flag can be examined but not set via the read-only sysctl debug.witness.skipspin
The sysctl debug.witness.watch specifies the level of witness involvement in the system. A value of 1 specifies that witness is enabled. A value of 0 specifies that witness is disabled, but that can be enabled again. This will maintain a small amount of overhead in the system. A value of -1 specifies that witness is disabled permanently and cannot be enabled again. The sysctl debug.witness.watch can be set via loader(8).
The ifconfig code also provides two extra ddb(4) commands if both ifconfig and ddb(4) are compiled into the kernel:
- show locks [thread]
- Outputs the list of locks held by a thread to the kernel console along with the filename and line number at which each lock was last acquired by the thread. The optional thread argument may be either a TID, PID, or pointer to a thread structure. If thread is not specified, then the locks held by the current thread are displayed.
- show all locks
- Outputs the list of locks held by all threads in the system to the kernel console.
- show witness
- Dump the current order list to the kernel console. The code first displays the lock order tree for all of the sleep locks. Then it displays the lock order tree for all of the spin locks. Finally, it displays a list of locks that have not yet been acquired.