npx (4)

Leading comments

Copyright (c) 1993 Christopher G. Demetriou
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   docu...

(The comments found at the beginning of the groff file "man4/npx.4freebsd".)

NAME

npx - Numeric Processing Extension coprocessor

SYNOPSIS

device npx hint.npx.0.at=nexus hint.npx.0.port=0x0F0 hint.npx.0.flags=0x0 hint.npx.0.irq=13

DESCRIPTION

The driver enables the use of the system's Numeric Processing Extension coprocessor. Numeric processing extensions are present in systems with 486DX CPUs and in systems with 387 or 487SX coprocessors. The driver is required for proper system functioning. If there is no NPX in the system, the system will not boot.

The flags for npx0 are:

0x01

do not use the NPX registers to optimize bcopy.

0x02

do not use the NPX registers to optimize bzero.

0x04

do not use the NPX registers to optimize copyin or copyout.

The NPX registers are normally used to optimize copying and zeroing when all of the following conditions are satisfied:

1. cpu I586_CPU is an option
2. the CPU is an i586 (perhaps not a Pentium)
3. the probe for npx0 succeeds
4. INT 16 exception handling works.

Then copying and zeroing using the NPX registers is normally 30-100% faster.

The flags can be used to control cases where it does not work or is slower. Setting them at boot time using hints works correctly (the optimizations are not used until later in the bootstrap when npx0 is attached).

BUGS

There are lots of them, especially on old cheap motherboards. In particular, some motherboards do not have the interrupt lines from the NPX to the CPU wired properly.