ng_nat (4)
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Copyright (c) 2005 Gleb Smirnoff <glebius@FreeBSD.org> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the doc...
NAME
ng_nat - NAT netgraph node typeSYNOPSIS
In netgraph/ng_nat.hDESCRIPTION
An ifconfig node performs network address translation (NAT) of packets passing through it. A nat node uses libalias(3) engine for packet aliasing.HOOKS
This node type has two hooks:- out
- Packets received on this hook are considered outgoing and will be masqueraded to a configured address.
- in
- Packets coming on this hook are considered incoming and will be dealiased.
CONTROL MESSAGES
This node type supports the generic control messages, plus the following:- NGM_NAT_SET_IPADDR (setaliasaddr )
- Configure aliasing address for a node. After both hooks have been connected and aliasing address was configured, a node is ready for aliasing operation.
- NGM_NAT_SET_MODE (setmode )
-
Set node's operation mode using supplied
Vt struct ng_nat_mode .
struct ng_nat_mode { uint32_t flags; uint32_t mask; }; /* Supported flags: */ #define NG_NAT_LOG 0x01 #define NG_NAT_DENY_INCOMING 0x02 #define NG_NAT_SAME_PORTS 0x04 #define NG_NAT_UNREGISTERED_ONLY 0x10 #define NG_NAT_RESET_ON_ADDR_CHANGE 0x20 #define NG_NAT_PROXY_ONLY 0x40 #define NG_NAT_REVERSE 0x80 - NGM_NAT_SET_TARGET (settarget )
- Configure target address for a node. When an incoming packet not associated with any pre-existing aliasing link arrives at the host machine, it will be sent to the specified address.
- NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_PORT (redirectport )
-
Redirect incoming connections arriving to given port(s) to
another host and port(s).
The following
Vt struct ng_nat_redirect_port
must be supplied as argument.
#define NG_NAT_DESC_LENGTH 64 struct ng_nat_redirect_port { struct in_addr local_addr; struct in_addr alias_addr; struct in_addr remote_addr; uint16_t local_port; uint16_t alias_port; uint16_t remote_port; uint8_t proto; char description[NG_NAT_DESC_LENGTH]; };Redirection is assigned an unique ID which is returned as response to this message, and information about redirection added to list of static redirects which later can be retrieved by NGM_NAT_LIST_REDIRECTS message.
- NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_ADDR (redirectaddr )
-
Redirect traffic for public IP address to a machine on the
local network.
This function is known as
static NAT
The following
Vt struct ng_nat_redirect_addr
must be supplied as argument.
struct ng_nat_redirect_addr { struct in_addr local_addr; struct in_addr alias_addr; char description[NG_NAT_DESC_LENGTH]; };Unique ID for this redirection is returned as response to this message.
- NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_PROTO (redirectproto )
-
Redirect incoming IP packets of protocol
proto
(see
protocols(5))
to a machine on the local network.
The following
Vt struct ng_nat_redirect_proto
must be supplied as argument.
struct ng_nat_redirect_proto { struct in_addr local_addr; struct in_addr alias_addr; struct in_addr remote_addr; uint8_t proto; char description[NG_NAT_DESC_LENGTH]; };Unique ID for this redirection is returned as response to this message.
- NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_DYNAMIC (redirectdynamic )
- Mark redirection with specified ID as dynamic, i.e., it will serve for exactly one next connection and then will be automatically deleted from internal links table. Only fully specified links can be made dynamic. The redirection with this ID is also immediately deleted from user-visible list of static redirects (available through NGM_NAT_LIST_REDIRECTS message).
- NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_DELETE (redirectdelete )
- Delete redirection with specified ID (currently active connections are not affected).
- NGM_NAT_ADD_SERVER (addserver )
-
Add another server to a pool.
This is used to transparently offload network load on a single server
and distribute the load across a pool of servers, also known as
LSNAT
(RFC 2391).
The following
Vt struct ng_nat_add_server
must be supplied as argument.
struct ng_nat_add_server { uint32_t id; struct in_addr addr; uint16_t port; };First, the redirection is set up by NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_PORT or NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_ADDR Then, ID of that redirection is used in multiple NGM_NAT_ADD_SERVER messages to add necessary number of servers. For redirections created by NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_ADDR the port is ignored and could have any value. Original redirection's parameters local_addr and local_port are also ignored after NGM_NAT_ADD_SERVER was used (they are effectively replaced by server pool).
- NGM_NAT_LIST_REDIRECTS (listredirects )
-
Return list of configured static redirects as
Vt struct ng_nat_list_redirects .
struct ng_nat_listrdrs_entry { uint32_t id; /* Anything except zero */ struct in_addr local_addr; struct in_addr alias_addr; struct in_addr remote_addr; uint16_t local_port; uint16_t alias_port; uint16_t remote_port; uint16_t proto; /* Valid proto or NG_NAT_REDIRPROTO_ADDR */ uint16_t lsnat; /* LSNAT servers count */ char description[NG_NAT_DESC_LENGTH]; }; struct ng_nat_list_redirects { uint32_t total_count; struct ng_nat_listrdrs_entry redirects[]; }; #define NG_NAT_REDIRPROTO_ADDR (IPPROTO_MAX + 3)Entries of the redirects array returned in the unified format for all redirect types. Ports are meaningful only if protocol is either TCP or UDP and static NAT redirection (created by NGM_NAT_REDIRECT_ADDR is indicated by proto set to NG_NAT_REDIRPROTO_ADDR If lsnat servers counter is greater than zero, then local_addr and local_port are also meaningless.
- NGM_NAT_PROXY_RULE (proxyrule )
- Specify a transparent proxying rule (string must be supplied as argument). See libalias(3) for details.
- NGM_NAT_LIBALIAS_INFO (libaliasinfo )
-
Return internal statistics of
libalias(3)
instance as
Vt struct ng_nat_libalias_info .
struct ng_nat_libalias_info { uint32_t icmpLinkCount; uint32_t udpLinkCount; uint32_t tcpLinkCount; uint32_t sctpLinkCount; uint32_t pptpLinkCount; uint32_t protoLinkCount; uint32_t fragmentIdLinkCount; uint32_t fragmentPtrLinkCount; uint32_t sockCount; };In case of ifconfig failed to retreive a certain counter from its libalias instance, the corresponding field is returned as UINT32_MAX
In all redirection messages local_addr and local_port mean address and port of target machine in the internal network, respectively. If alias_addr is zero, then default aliasing address (set by NGM_NAT_SET_IPADDR is used. Connections can also be restricted to be accepted only from specific external machines by using non-zero remote_addr and/or remote_port Each redirection assigned an ID which can be later used for redirection manipulation on individual basis (e.g., removal). This ID guaranteed to be unique until the node shuts down (it will not be reused after deletion), and is returned to user after making each new redirection or can be found in the stored list of all redirections. The description passed to and from node unchanged, together with ID providing a way for several entities to concurrently manipulate redirections in automated way.
SHUTDOWN
This node shuts down upon receipt of a NGM_SHUTDOWN control message, or when both hooks are disconnected.EXAMPLES
In the following example, the packets are injected into a nat node using the ng_ipfw4 node.# Create NAT node ngctl mkpeer ipfw: nat 60 out ngctl name ipfw:60 nat ngctl connect ipfw: nat: 61 in ngctl msg nat: setaliasaddr x.y.35.8 # Divert traffic into NAT node ipfw add 300 netgraph 61 all from any to any in via fxp0 ipfw add 400 netgraph 60 all from any to any out via fxp0 # Let packets continue with after being (de)aliased sysctl net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass=0
The ifconfig node can be inserted right after the ng_iface4 node in the graph. In the following example, we perform masquerading on a serial line with HDLC encapsulation.
/usr/sbin/ngctl -f- <<-SEQ
mkpeer cp0: cisco rawdata downstream
name cp0:rawdata hdlc
mkpeer hdlc: nat inet in
name hdlc:inet nat
mkpeer nat: iface out inet
msg nat: setaliasaddr x.y.8.35
SEQ
ifconfig ng0 x.y.8.35 x.y.8.1