expm1l (3)

Leading comments

Copyright 1995 Jim Van Zandt <jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>
and Copyright 2008, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk
    <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

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(The comments found at the beginning of the groff file "man3/expm1l.3".)

NAME

expm1, expm1f, expm1l - exponential minus 1

SYNOPSIS

#include <math.h>

double expm1(double x);


float expm1f(float x);


long double expm1l(long double x);

Link with -lm.

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

expm1():

_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED || _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L;
or cc -std=c99

expm1f(), expm1l():

_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600 || _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L;
or cc -std=c99

DESCRIPTION

These functions return a value equivalent to

    exp(x) - 1

The result is computed in a way that is accurate even if the value of x is near zero---a case where exp(x) - 1 would be inaccurate due to subtraction of two numbers that are nearly equal.

RETURN VALUE

On success, these functions return exp(x) - 1.
If x is a NaN, a NaN is returned.
If x is +0 (-0), +0 (-0) is returned.
If x is positive infinity, positive infinity is returned.
If x is negative infinity, -1 is returned.
If the result overflows, a range error occurs, and the functions return -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VALF, or -HUGE_VALL, respectively.

ERRORS

See math_error(7) for information on how to determine whether an error has occurred when calling these functions.

The following errors can occur:

Range error, overflow

errno is set to ERANGE (but see BUGS). An overflow floating-point exception (FE_OVERFLOW) is raised.

ATTRIBUTES

For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

Interface	Attribute	Value
expm1(), expm1f(), expm1l()	Thread safety	MT-Safe

CONFORMING TO

C99, POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.

BUGS

For some large negative x values (where the function result approaches -1), expm1() raises a bogus underflow floating-point exception.
For some large positive x values, expm1() raises a bogus invalid floating-point exception in addition to the expected overflow exception, and returns a NaN instead of positive infinity.
Before version 2.11, the glibc implementation did not set errno to ERANGE when a range error occurred.

SEE ALSO

exp(3), log(3), log1p(3)

COLOPHON

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