SOAP::Lite • man page

SOAP::Lite (3)

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NAME

SOAP::Lite - Perl's Web Services Toolkit

DESCRIPTION

SOAP::Lite is a collection of Perl modules which provides a simple and lightweight interface to the Simple Object Access Protocol (

SOAP

) both on client and server side.

PERL VERSION WARNING

As of version SOAP::Lite version 1.05, no perl versions before 5.8 will be supported.

SOAP::Lite 0.71 will be the last version of SOAP::Lite running on perl 5.005

Future versions of SOAP::Lite will require at least perl 5.6.0

If you have not had the time to upgrade your perl, you should consider this now.

OVERVIEW OF CLASSES AND PACKAGES

lib/SOAP/Lite.pm

SOAP::Lite - Main class provides all logic

SOAP::Transport - Transport backend

SOAP::Data - Data objects

SOAP::Header - Header Data Objects

SOAP::Serializer - Serializes data structures to

SOAP

messages

SOAP::Deserializer - Deserializes

SOAP

messages into

SOAP::SOM

objects

SOAP::SOM

SOAP

Message objects

SOAP::Constants - Provides access to common constants and defaults

SOAP::Trace - Tracing facilities

SOAP::Schema - Provides access and stub(s) for schema(s)

SOAP::Schema::WSDL -

WSDL

implementation for SOAP::Schema

SOAP::Server - Handles requests on server side

SOAP::Server::Object - Handles objects-by-reference

SOAP::Fault - Provides support for Faults on server side

SOAP::Utils - A set of private and public utility subroutines

lib/SOAP/Packager.pm

SOAP::Packager - Provides an abstract class for implementing custom packagers.

SOAP::Packager::MIME - Provides

MIME

support to SOAP::Lite

SOAP::Packager::DIME - Provides

DIME

support to SOAP::Lite

lib/SOAP/Transport/HTTP.pm

SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Client - Client interface to

HTTP

transport

SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Server - Server interface to

HTTP

transport

SOAP::Transport::HTTP::CGI -

CGI

implementation of server interface

SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Daemon - Daemon implementation of server interface

SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Apache - mod_perl implementation of server interface

lib/SOAP/Transport/POP3.pm

SOAP::Transport::POP3::Server - Server interface to

POP3

protocol

lib/SOAP/Transport/MAILTO.pm

SOAP::Transport::MAILTO::Client - Client interface to SMTP/sendmail

lib/SOAP/Transport/LOCAL.pm

SOAP::Transport::LOCAL::Client - Client interface to local transport

lib/SOAP/Transport/TCP.pm

SOAP::Transport::TCP::Server - Server interface to

TCP

protocol

SOAP::Transport::TCP::Client - Client interface to

TCP

protocol

lib/SOAP/Transport/IO.pm

SOAP::Transport::IO::Server - Server interface to

transport

METHODS

All accessor methods return the current value when called with no arguments, while returning the object reference itself when called with a new value. This allows the set-attribute calls to be chained together.

new(optional key/value pairs)

    $client = SOAP::Lite->new(proxy => $endpoint)

Constructor. Many of the accessor methods defined here may be initialized at creation by providing their name as a key, followed by the desired value. The example provides the value for the proxy element of the client.

transport(optional transport object)

    $transp = $client->transport( );

Gets or sets the transport object used for sending/receiving

SOAP

messages.

See SOAP::Transport for details.

serializer(optional serializer object)

    $serial = $client->serializer( )

Gets or sets the serializer object used for creating

XML

messages.

See SOAP::Serializer for details.

packager(optional packager object)

    $packager = $client->packager( )

Provides access to the "SOAP::Packager" object that the client uses to manage the use of attachments. The default packager is a

MIME

packager, but unless you specify parts to send, no

MIME

formatting will be done.

See also: SOAP::Packager.

proxy(endpoint, optional extra arguments)

    $client->proxy('soap.xml.info endPoint');

The proxy is the server or endpoint to which the client is going to connect. This method allows the setting of the endpoint, along with any extra information that the transport object may need when communicating the request.

This method is actually an alias to the proxy method of SOAP::Transport. It is the same as typing:

    $client->transport( )->proxy(...arguments);

Extra parameters can be passed to proxy() - see below.

compress_threshold

See

COMPRESSION

in HTTP::Transport.

All initialization options from the underlying transport layer

The options for

HTTP

(S) are the same as for LWP::UserAgent's new() method.

A common option is to create a instance of HTTP::Cookies and pass it as cookie_jar option:

 my $cookie_jar = HTTP::Cookies->new()
 $client->proxy('http://www.example.org/webservice',
    cookie_jar => $cookie_jar,
 );

For example, if you wish to set the

HTTP

timeout for a SOAP::Lite client to 5 seconds, use the following code:

  my $soap = SOAP::Lite
   ->uri($uri)
   ->proxy($proxyUrl, timeout => 5 );

See LWP::UserAgent.

endpoint(optional new endpoint address)

    $client->endpoint('soap.xml.info newPoint')

It may be preferable to set a new endpoint without the additional work of examining the new address for protocol information and checking to ensure the support code is loaded and available. This method allows the caller to change the endpoint that the client is currently set to connect to, without reloading the relevant transport code. Note that the proxy method must have been called before this method is used.

service(service URL )

    $client->service('svc.perl.org/Svc.wsdl');

"SOAP::Lite" offers some support for creating method stubs from service descriptions. At present, only

WSDL

support is in place. This method loads the specified

WSDL

schema and uses it as the basis for generating stubs.

outputxml(boolean)

    $client->outputxml('true');

When set to a true value, the raw

XML

is returned by the call to a remote method.

The default is to return a

SOAP::SOM

object (false).

autotype(boolean)

    $client->autotype(0);

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->autotype(boolean);

By default, the serializer tries to automatically deduce types for the data being sent in a message. Setting a false value with this method disables the behavior.

readable(boolean)

    $client->readable(1);

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->readable(boolean);

When this is used to set a true value for this property, the generated

XML

sent to the endpoint has extra characters (spaces and new lines) added in to make the

XML

itself more readable to human eyes (presumably for debugging). The default is to not send any additional characters.

headerattr(hash reference of attributes)

    $obj->headerattr({ attr1 => 'value' });

Allows for the setting of arbitrary attributes on the header object. Keep in mind the requirement that
any attributes not natively known to

SOAP

must be namespace-qualified. If using $session->call ($method, $callData, $callHeader), SOAP::Lite serializes information as

  <soap:Envelope>
    <soap:Header>
      <userId>xxxxx</userId>
      <password>yyyyy</password>
    </soap:Header>
    <soap:Body>
      <myMethod xmlns="www.someuri.com">
        <foo />
      </myMethod>
    </soap:Body>
  </soap:Envelope>

The attributes, given to headerattr are placed into the Header as

    <soap:Header attr1="value">

bodyattr(hash reference of attributes)

    $obj->bodyattr({ attr1 => 'value' });

Allows for the setting of arbitrary attributes on the body object. Keep in mind the requirement that
any attributes not natively known to

SOAP

must be namespace-qualified. See headerattr

default_ns($uri)

Sets the default namespace for the request to the specified uri. This overrides any previous namespace declaration that may have been set using a previous call to "ns()" or "default_ns()". Setting the default namespace causes elements to be serialized without a namespace prefix, like this:

  <soap:Envelope>
    <soap:Body>
      <myMethod xmlns="www.someuri.com">
        <foo />
      </myMethod>
    </soap:Body>
  </soap:Envelope>

Some .NET web services have been reported to require this

XML

namespace idiom.

ns($uri,$prefix=undef)

Sets the namespace uri and optionally the namespace prefix for the request to the specified values. This overrides any previous namespace declaration that may have been set using a previous call to "ns()" or "default_ns()".

If a prefix is not specified, one will be generated for you automatically. Setting the namespace causes elements to be serialized with a declared namespace prefix, like this:

  <soap:Envelope>
    <soap:Body>
      <my:myMethod xmlns:my="www.someuri.com">
        <my:foo />
      </my:myMethod>
    </soap:Body>
  </soap:Envelope>

use_prefix(boolean)

Deprecated. Use the "ns()" and "default_ns" methods described above.

Shortcut for "serializer->use_prefix()". This lets you turn on/off the use of a namespace prefix for the children of the /Envelope/Body element. Default is 'true'.

When use_prefix is set to 'true', serialized

XML

will look like this:

  <SOAP-ENV:Envelope ...attributes skipped>
    <SOAP-ENV:Body>
      <namesp1:mymethod xmlns:namesp1="urn:MyURI" />
    </SOAP-ENV:Body>
  </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

When use_prefix is set to 'false', serialized

XML

will look like this:

  <SOAP-ENV:Envelope ...attributes skipped>
    <SOAP-ENV:Body>
      <mymethod xmlns="urn:MyURI" />
    </SOAP-ENV:Body>
  </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

Some .NET web services have been reported to require this

XML

namespace idiom.

soapversion(optional value)

    $client->soapversion('1.2');

If no parameter is given, returns the current version of

SOAP

that is being used by the client object to encode requests. If a parameter is given, the method attempts to set that as the version of

SOAP

being used.

The value should be either 1.1 or 1.2.

envprefix(QName)

    $client->envprefix('env');

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->envprefix(QName);

Gets or sets the namespace prefix for the

SOAP

namespace. The default is

SOAP.

The prefix itself has no meaning, but applications may wish to chose one explicitly to denote different versions of

SOAP

or the like.

encprefix(QName)

    $client->encprefix('enc');

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->encprefix(QName);

Gets or sets the namespace prefix for the encoding rules namespace. The default value is SOAP-ENC.

While it may seem to be an unnecessary operation to set a value that isn't relevant to the message, such as the namespace labels for the envelope and encoding URNs, the ability to set these labels explicitly can prove to be a great aid in distinguishing and debugging messages on the server side of operations.

encoding(encoding URN )

    $client->encoding($soap_12_encoding_URN);

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->encoding(args);

Where the earlier method dealt with the label used for the attributes related to the

SOAP

encoding scheme, this method actually sets the

URN

to be specified as the encoding scheme for the message. The default is to specify the encoding for

SOAP 1.1,

so this is handy for applications that need to encode according to

SOAP 1.2

rules.

typelookup

    $client->typelookup;

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->typelookup;

Gives the application access to the type-lookup table from the serializer object. See the section on SOAP::Serializer.

uri(service specifier)

Deprecated - the "uri" subroutine is deprecated in order to provide a more intuitive naming scheme for subroutines that set namespaces. In the future, you will be required to use either the "ns()" or "default_ns()" subroutines instead of "uri()".

    $client->uri($service_uri);

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->uri(service);

The

URI

associated with this accessor on a client object is the service-specifier for the request, often encoded for HTTP-based requests as the SOAPAction header. While the names may seem confusing, this method doesn't specify the endpoint itself. In most circumstances, the "uri" refers to the namespace used for the request.

Often times, the value may look like a valid

URL.

Despite this, it doesn't have to point to an existing resource (and often doesn't). This method sets and retrieves this value from the object. Note that no transport code is triggered by this because it has no direct effect on the transport of the object.

multirefinplace(boolean)

    $client->multirefinplace(1);

This method is a shortcut for:

    $client->serializer->multirefinplace(boolean);

Controls how the serializer handles values that have multiple references to them. Recall from previous

SOAP

chapters that a value may be tagged with an identifier, then referred to in several places. When this is the case for a value, the serializer defaults to putting the data element towards the top of the message, right after the opening tag of the method-specification. It is serialized as a standalone entity with an

that is then referenced at the relevant places later on. If this method is used to set a true value, the behavior is different. When the multirefinplace attribute is true, the data is serialized at the first place that references it, rather than as a separate element higher up in the body. This is more compact but may be harder to read or trace in a debugging environment.

parts( ARRAY )

Used to specify an array of MIME::Entity's to be attached to the transmitted

SOAP

message. Attachments that are returned in a response can be accessed by "SOAP::SOM::parts()".

self

    $ref = SOAP::Lite->self;

Returns an object reference to the default global object the "SOAP::Lite" package maintains. This is the object that processes many of the arguments when provided on the use line.

The following method isn't an accessor style of method but neither does it fit with the group that immediately follows it:

call(arguments)

    $client->call($method => @arguments);

As has been illustrated in previous chapters, the "SOAP::Lite" client objects can manage remote calls with auto-dispatching using some of Perl's more elaborate features. call is used when the application wants a greater degree of control over the details of the call itself. The method may be built up from a SOAP::Data object, so as to allow full control over the namespace associated with the tag, as well as other attributes like encoding. This is also important for calling methods that contain characters not allowable in Perl function names, such as A.B.C.

The next four methods used in the "SOAP::Lite" class are geared towards handling the types of events than can occur during the message lifecycle. Each of these sets up a callback for the event in question:

on_action(callback)

    $client->on_action(sub { qq("$_[0]") });

Triggered when the transport object sets up the SOAPAction header for an HTTP-based call. The default is to set the header to the string, uri#method, in which

URI

is the value set by the uri method described earlier, and method is the name of the method being called. When called, the routine referenced (or the closure, if specified as in the example) is given two arguments, uri and method, in that order.

.NET web services usually expect "/" as separator for "uri" and "method". To change SOAP::Lite's behaviour to use uri/method as SOAPAction header, use the following code:

    $client->on_action( sub { join '/', @_ } );

on_fault(callback)

    $client->on_fault(sub { popup_dialog($_[1]) });

Triggered when a method call results in a fault response from the server. When it is called, the argument list is first the client object itself, followed by the object that encapsulates the fault. In the example, the fault object is passed (without the client object) to a hypothetical

GUI

function that presents an error dialog with the text of fault extracted from the object (which is covered shortly under the

SOAP::SOM

methods).

on_nonserialized(callback)

    $client->on_nonserialized(sub { die "$_[0]?!?" });

Occasionally, the serializer may be given data it can't turn into SOAP-savvy

XML

; for example, if a program bug results in a code reference or something similar being passed in as a parameter to method call. When that happens, this callback is activated, with one argument. That argument is the data item that could not be understood. It will be the only argument. If the routine returns, the return value is pasted into the message as the serialization. Generally, an error is in order, and this callback allows for control over signaling that error.

on_debug(callback)

    $client->on_debug(sub { print @_ });

Deprecated. Use the global +debug and +trace facilities described in SOAP::Trace

Note that this method will not work as expected: Instead of affecting the debugging behaviour of the object called on, it will globally affect the debugging behaviour for all objects of that class.

WRITING A SOAP CLIENT

This chapter guides you to writing a

SOAP

client by example.

The

SOAP

service to be accessed is a simple variation of the well-known hello world program. It accepts two parameters, a name and a given name, and returns ``Hello $given_name $name''.

We will use ``Martin Kutter'' as the name for the call, so all variants will print the following message on success:

 Hello Martin Kutter!

SOAP
message styles

There are three common (and one less common) variants of

SOAP

messages.

These address the message style (positional parameters vs. specified message documents) and encoding (as-is vs. typed).

The different message styles are:

*: rpc/encoded
Typed, positional parameters. Widely used in scripting languages. The type of the arguments is included in the message. Arrays and the like may be encoded using
SOAP
encoding rules (or others).
*: rpc/literal
As-is, positional parameters. The type of arguments is defined by some pre-exchanged interface definition.
*: document/encoded
Specified message with typed elements. Rarely used.
*: document/literal
Specified message with as-is elements. The message specification and element types are defined by some pre-exchanged interface definition.

As of 2008, document/literal has become the predominant

SOAP

message variant. rpc/literal and rpc/encoded are still in use, mainly with scripting languages, while document/encoded is hardly used at all.

You will see clients for the rpc/encoded and document/literal

SOAP

variants in this section.

Example implementations

RPC/ENCODED

Rpc/encoded is most popular with scripting languages like perl, php and python without the use of a

WSDL.

Usual method descriptions look like this:

 Method: sayHello(string, string)
 Parameters:
    name: string
    givenName: string

Such a description usually means that you can call a method named ``sayHello'' with two positional parameters, ``name'' and ``givenName'', which both are strings.

The message corresponding to this description looks somewhat like this:

 <sayHello xmlns="urn:HelloWorld">
   <s-gensym01 xsi:type="xsd:string">Kutter</s-gensym01>
   <s-gensym02 xsi:type="xsd:string">Martin</s-gensym02>
 </sayHello>

Any

XML

tag names may be used instead of the ``s-gensym01'' stuff - parameters are positional, the tag names have no meaning.

A client producing such a call is implemented like this:

 use SOAP::Lite;
 my $soap = SOAP::Lite->new( proxy => 'http://localhost:81/soap-wsdl-test/helloworld.pl');
 $soap->default_ns('urn:HelloWorld');
 my $som = $soap->call('sayHello', 'Kutter', 'Martin');
 die $som->faultstring if ($som->fault);
 print $som->result, "\n";

You can of course use a one-liner, too...

Sometimes, rpc/encoded interfaces are described with

WSDL

definitions. A

WSDL

accepting ``named'' parameters with rpc/encoded looks like this:

 <definitions xmlns:soap="schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap"
   xmlns:s="www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   xmlns:s0="urn:HelloWorld"
   targetNamespace="urn:HelloWorld"
   xmlns="schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl">
   <types>
     <s:schema targetNamespace="urn:HelloWorld">
     </s:schema>
   </types>
   <message name="sayHello">
     <part name="name" type="s:string" />
     <part name="givenName" type="s:string" />
   </message>
   <message name="sayHelloResponse">
     <part name="sayHelloResult" type="s:string" />
   </message>

   <portType name="Service1Soap">
     <operation name="sayHello">
       <input message="s0:sayHello" />
       <output message="s0:sayHelloResponse" />
     </operation>
   </portType>

   <binding name="Service1Soap" type="s0:Service1Soap">
     <soap:binding transport="schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
         style="rpc" />
     <operation name="sayHello">
       <soap:operation soapAction="urn:HelloWorld#sayHello"/>
       <input>
         <soap:body use="encoded"
           encodingStyle="schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding"/>
       </input>
       <output>
         <soap:body use="encoded"
           encodingStyle="schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding"/>
       </output>
     </operation>
   </binding>
   <service name="HelloWorld">
     <port name="HelloWorldSoap" binding="s0:Service1Soap">
       <soap:address location="http://localhost:81/soap-wsdl-test/helloworld.pl" />
     </port>
   </service>
 </definitions>

The message corresponding to this schema looks like this:

 <sayHello xmlns="urn:HelloWorld">
   <name xsi:type="xsd:string">Kutter</name>
   <givenName xsi:type="xsd:string">Martin</givenName>
 </sayHello>

A web service client using this schema looks like this:

 use SOAP::Lite;
 my $soap = SOAP::Lite->service("file:say_hello_rpcenc.wsdl");
 eval { my $result = $soap->sayHello('Kutter', 'Martin'); };
 if ($@) {
     die $@;
 }
 print $som->result();

You may of course also use the following one-liner:

 perl -MSOAP::Lite -e 'print SOAP::Lite->service("file:say_hello_rpcenc.wsdl")\
   ->sayHello('Kutter', 'Martin'), "\n";'

A web service client (without a service description) looks like this.

 use SOAP::Lite;
 my $soap = SOAP::Lite->new( proxy => 'http://localhost:81/soap-wsdl-test/helloworld.pl');
 $soap->default_ns('urn:HelloWorld');
 my $som = $soap->call('sayHello',
    SOAP::Data->name('name')->value('Kutter'),
    SOAP::Data->name('givenName')->value('Martin')
 );
 die $som->faultstring if ($som->fault);
 print $som->result, "\n";

RPC/LITERAL

SOAP

web services using the document/literal message encoding are usually described by some Web Service Definition. Our web service has the following

WSDL

description:

 <definitions xmlns:soap="schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap"
   xmlns:s="www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   xmlns:s0="urn:HelloWorld"
   targetNamespace="urn:HelloWorld"
   xmlns="schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl">
   <types>
     <s:schema targetNamespace="urn:HelloWorld">
       <s:complexType name="sayHello">
         <s:sequence>
           <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="name"
              type="s:string" />
           <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="givenName"
              type="s:string" nillable="1" />
         </s:sequence>
       </s:complexType>

       <s:complexType name="sayHelloResponse">
         <s:sequence>
           <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="sayHelloResult"
              type="s:string" />
         </s:sequence>
       </s:complexType>
     </s:schema>
   </types>
   <message name="sayHello">
     <part name="parameters" type="s0:sayHello" />
   </message>
   <message name="sayHelloResponse">
     <part name="parameters" type="s0:sayHelloResponse" />
   </message>

   <portType name="Service1Soap">
     <operation name="sayHello">
       <input message="s0:sayHello" />
       <output message="s0:sayHelloResponse" />
     </operation>
   </portType>

   <binding name="Service1Soap" type="s0:Service1Soap">
     <soap:binding transport="schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
         style="rpc" />
     <operation name="sayHello">
       <soap:operation soapAction="urn:HelloWorld#sayHello"/>
       <input>
         <soap:body use="literal" namespace="urn:HelloWorld"/>
       </input>
       <output>
         <soap:body use="literal" namespace="urn:HelloWorld"/>
       </output>
     </operation>
   </binding>
   <service name="HelloWorld">
     <port name="HelloWorldSoap" binding="s0:Service1Soap">
       <soap:address location="http://localhost:80//helloworld.pl" />
     </port>
   </service>
  </definitions>

The

XML

message (inside the

SOAP

Envelope) look like this:

 <ns0:sayHello xmlns:ns0="urn:HelloWorld">
    <parameters>
      <name>Kutter</name>
      <givenName>Martin</givenName>
    </parameters>
 </ns0:sayHello>

 <sayHelloResponse xmlns:ns0="urn:HelloWorld">
    <parameters>
        <sayHelloResult>Hello Martin Kutter!</sayHelloResult>
    </parameters>
 </sayHelloResponse>

This is the SOAP::Lite implementation for the web service client:

 use SOAP::Lite +trace;
 my $soap = SOAP::Lite->new( proxy => 'http://localhost:80/helloworld.pl');

 $soap->on_action( sub { "urn:HelloWorld#sayHello" });
 $soap->autotype(0)->readable(1);
 $soap->default_ns('urn:HelloWorld');

 my $som = $soap->call('sayHello', SOAP::Data->name('parameters')->value(
    \SOAP::Data->value([
        SOAP::Data->name('name')->value( 'Kutter' ),
        SOAP::Data->name('givenName')->value('Martin'),
    ]))
);

 die $som->fault->{ faultstring } if ($som->fault);
 print $som->result, "\n";

DOCUMENT/LITERAL

SOAP

web services using the document/literal message encoding are usually described by some Web Service Definition. Our web service has the following

WSDL

description:

 <definitions xmlns:soap="schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap"
    xmlns:s="www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:s0="urn:HelloWorld"
    targetNamespace="urn:HelloWorld"
    xmlns="schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl">
   <types>
     <s:schema targetNamespace="urn:HelloWorld">
       <s:element name="sayHello">
         <s:complexType>
           <s:sequence>
              <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="name" type="s:string" />
               <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="givenName" type="s:string" nillable="1" />
           </s:sequence>
          </s:complexType>
        </s:element>

        <s:element name="sayHelloResponse">
          <s:complexType>
            <s:sequence>
              <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="sayHelloResult" type="s:string" />
            </s:sequence>
        </s:complexType>
      </s:element>
    </types>
    <message name="sayHelloSoapIn">
      <part name="parameters" element="s0:sayHello" />
    </message>
    <message name="sayHelloSoapOut">
      <part name="parameters" element="s0:sayHelloResponse" />
    </message>

    <portType name="Service1Soap">
      <operation name="sayHello">
        <input message="s0:sayHelloSoapIn" />
        <output message="s0:sayHelloSoapOut" />
      </operation>
    </portType>

    <binding name="Service1Soap" type="s0:Service1Soap">
      <soap:binding transport="schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
          style="document" />
      <operation name="sayHello">
        <soap:operation soapAction="urn:HelloWorld#sayHello"/>
        <input>
          <soap:body use="literal" />
        </input>
        <output>
          <soap:body use="literal" />
        </output>
      </operation>
    </binding>
    <service name="HelloWorld">
      <port name="HelloWorldSoap" binding="s0:Service1Soap">
        <soap:address location="http://localhost:80//helloworld.pl" />
      </port>
    </service>
 </definitions>

The

XML

message (inside the

SOAP

Envelope) look like this:

 <sayHello xmlns="urn:HelloWorld">
   <name>Kutter</name>
   <givenName>Martin</givenName>
 </sayHello>

 <sayHelloResponse>
   <sayHelloResult>Hello Martin Kutter!</sayHelloResult>
 </sayHelloResponse>

You can call this web service with the following client code:

 use SOAP::Lite;
 my $soap = SOAP::Lite->new( proxy => 'http://localhost:80/helloworld.pl');

 $soap->on_action( sub { "urn:HelloWorld#sayHello" });
 $soap->autotype(0);
 $soap->default_ns('urn:HelloWorld');

 my $som = $soap->call("sayHello",
    SOAP::Data->name('name')->value( 'Kutter' ),
    SOAP::Data->name('givenName')->value('Martin'),
);

 die $som->fault->{ faultstring } if ($som->fault);
 print $som->result, "\n";

Differences between the implementations

You may have noticed that there's little difference between the rpc/encoded, rpc/literal and the document/literal example's implementation. In fact, from SOAP::Lite's point of view, the only differences between rpc/literal and document/literal that parameters are always named.

In our example, the rpc/encoded variant already used named parameters (by using two messages), so there's no difference at all.

You may have noticed the somewhat strange idiom for passing a list of named parameters in the rpc/literal example:

 my $som = $soap->call('sayHello', SOAP::Data->name('parameters')->value(
    \SOAP::Data->value([
        SOAP::Data->name('name')->value( 'Kutter' ),
        SOAP::Data->name('givenName')->value('Martin'),
    ]))
 );

While SOAP::Data provides full control over the

XML

generated, passing hash-like structures require additional coding.

WRITING A SOAP SERVER

See SOAP::Server, or SOAP::Transport.

FEATURES

ATTACHMENTS

"SOAP::Lite" features support for the

SOAP

with Attachments specification. Currently, SOAP::Lite only supports

MIME

based attachments.

DIME

based attachments are yet to be fully functional.

EXAMPLES

Client sending an attachment

"SOAP::Lite" clients can specify attachments to be sent along with a request by using the "SOAP::Lite::parts()" method, which takes as an argument an

ARRAY

of "MIME::Entity"'s.

  use SOAP::Lite;
  use MIME::Entity;
  my $ent = build MIME::Entity
    Type        => "image/gif",
    Encoding    => "base64",
    Path        => "somefile.gif",
    Filename    => "saveme.gif",
    Disposition => "attachment";
  my $som = SOAP::Lite
    ->uri($SOME_NAMESPACE)
    ->parts([ $ent ])
    ->proxy($SOME_HOST)
    ->some_method(SOAP::Data->name("foo" => "bar"));

Client retrieving an attachment

A client accessing attachments that were returned in a response by using the "SOAP::SOM::parts()" accessor.

  use SOAP::Lite;
  use MIME::Entity;
  my $soap = SOAP::Lite
    ->uri($NS)
    ->proxy($HOST);
  my $som = $soap->foo();
  foreach my $part (${$som->parts}) {
    print $part->stringify;
  }

Server receiving an attachment

Servers, like clients, use the

SOAP::SOM

module to access attachments transmitted to it.

  package Attachment;
  use SOAP::Lite;
  use MIME::Entity;
  use strict;
  use vars qw(@ISA);
  @ISA = qw(SOAP::Server::Parameters);
  sub someMethod {
    my $self = shift;
    my $envelope = pop;
    foreach my $part (@{$envelope->parts}) {
      print "AttachmentService: attachment found! (".ref($part).")\n";
    }
    # do something
  }

Server responding with an attachment

Servers wishing to return an attachment to the calling client need only return "MIME::Entity" objects along with SOAP::Data elements, or any other data intended for the response.

  package Attachment;
  use SOAP::Lite;
  use MIME::Entity;
  use strict;
  use vars qw(@ISA);
  @ISA = qw(SOAP::Server::Parameters);
  sub someMethod {
    my $self = shift;
    my $envelope = pop;
    my $ent = build MIME::Entity
    'Id'          => "<1234>",
    'Type'        => "text/xml",
    'Path'        => "some.xml",
    'Filename'    => "some.xml",
    'Disposition' => "attachment";
    return SOAP::Data->name("foo" => "blah blah blah"),$ent;
  }

DEFAULT SETTINGS

Though this feature looks similar to autodispatch they have (almost) nothing in common. This capability allows you specify default settings so that all objects created after that will be initialized with the proper default settings.

If you wish to provide common "proxy()" or "uri()" settings for all "SOAP::Lite" objects in your application you may do:

  use SOAP::Lite
    proxy => 'http://localhost/cgi-bin/soap.cgi',
    uri => 'my.own.com/My/Examples';

  my $soap1 = new SOAP::Lite; # will get the same proxy()/uri() as above
  print $soap1->getStateName(1)->result;

  my $soap2 = SOAP::Lite->new; # same thing as above
  print $soap2->getStateName(2)->result;

  # or you may override any settings you want
  my $soap3 = SOAP::Lite->proxy('http://localhost/');
  print $soap3->getStateName(1)->result;

Any "SOAP::Lite" properties can be propagated this way. Changes in object copies will not affect global settings and you may still change global settings with "SOAP::Lite->self" call which returns reference to global object. Provided parameter will update this object and you can even set it to "undef":

  SOAP::Lite->self(undef);

The "use SOAP::Lite" syntax also lets you specify default event handlers for your code. If you have different

SOAP

objects and want to share the same "on_action()" (or "on_fault()" for that matter) handler. You can specify "on_action()" during initialization for every object, but you may also do:

  use SOAP::Lite
    on_action => sub {sprintf '%s#%s', @_};

and this handler will be the default handler for all your

SOAP

objects. You can override it if you specify a handler for a particular object. See t/*.t for example of on_fault() handler.

Be warned, that since "use ..." is executed at compile time all "use" statements will be executed before script execution that can make unexpected results. Consider code:

  use SOAP::Lite proxy => 'http://localhost/';
  print SOAP::Lite->getStateName(1)->result;

  use SOAP::Lite proxy => 'http://localhost/cgi-bin/soap.cgi';
  print SOAP::Lite->getStateName(1)->result;

Both

SOAP

calls will go to 'http://localhost/cgi-bin/soap.cgi'. If you want to execute "use" at run-time, put it in "eval":

  eval "use SOAP::Lite proxy => 'http://localhost/cgi-bin/soap.cgi'; 1" or die;

Or alternatively,

  SOAP::Lite->self->proxy('http://localhost/cgi-bin/soap.cgi');

SETTING MAXIMUM MESSAGE SIZE

One feature of "SOAP::Lite" is the ability to control the maximum size of a message a SOAP::Lite server will be allowed to process. To control this feature simply define $SOAP::Constants::MAX_CONTENT_SIZE in your code like so:

  use SOAP::Transport::HTTP;
  use MIME::Entity;
  $SOAP::Constants::MAX_CONTENT_SIZE = 10000;
  SOAP::Transport::HTTP::CGI
    ->dispatch_to('TemperatureService')
    ->handle;

IN/OUT, OUT PARAMETERS AND AUTOBINDING

"SOAP::Lite" gives you access to all parameters (both in/out and out) and also does some additional work for you. Lets consider following example:

  <mehodResponse>
    <res1>name1</res1>
    <res2>name2</res2>
    <res3>name3</res3>
  </mehodResponse>

In that case:

  $result = $r->result; # gives you 'name1'
  $paramout1 = $r->paramsout;      # gives you 'name2', because of scalar context
  $paramout1 = ($r->paramsout)[0]; # gives you 'name2' also
  $paramout2 = ($r->paramsout)[1]; # gives you 'name3'

  @paramsout = $r->paramsout; # gives you ARRAY of out parameters
  $paramout1 = $paramsout[0]; # gives you 'res2', same as ($r->paramsout)[0]
  $paramout2 = $paramsout[1]; # gives you 'res3', same as ($r->paramsout)[1]

Generally, if server returns "return (1,2,3)" you will get 1 as the result and 2 and 3 as out parameters.

If the server returns "return [1,2,3]" you will get an

ARRAY

reference from "result()" and "undef" from "paramsout()".

Results can be arbitrary complex: they can be an array references, they can be objects, they can be anything and still be returned by "result()" . If only one parameter is returned, "paramsout()" will return "undef".

Furthermore, if you have in your output parameters a parameter with the same signature (name+type) as in the input parameters this parameter will be mapped into your input automatically. For example:

Server Code:

  sub mymethod {
    shift; # object/class reference
    my $param1 = shift;
    my $param2 = SOAP::Data->name('myparam' => shift() * 2);
    return $param1, $param2;
  }

Client Code:

  $a = 10;
  $b = SOAP::Data->name('myparam' => 12);
  $result = $soap->mymethod($a, $b);

After that, "$result == 10 and $b->value == 24"! Magic? Sort of.

Autobinding gives it to you. That will work with objects also with one difference: you do not need to worry about the name and the type of object parameter. Consider the "PingPong" example (examples/My/PingPong.pm and examples/pingpong.pl):

Server Code:

  package My::PingPong;

  sub new {
    my $self = shift;
    my $class = ref($self) || $self;
    bless {_num=>shift} => $class;
  }

  sub next {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->{_num}++;
  }

Client Code:

  use SOAP::Lite +autodispatch =>
    uri => 'urn:',
    proxy => 'http://localhost/';

  my $p = My::PingPong->new(10); # $p->{_num} is 10 now, real object returned
  print $p->next, "\n";          # $p->{_num} is 11 now!, object autobinded

STATIC AND DYNAMIC SERVICE DEPLOYMENT

Let us scrutinize the deployment process. When designing your

SOAP

server you can consider two kind of deployment: static and dynamic. For both, static and dynamic, you should specify "MODULE", "MODULE::method", "method" or "PATH/" when creating "use"ing the SOAP::Lite module. The difference between static and dynamic deployment is that in case of 'dynamic', any module which is not present will be loaded on demand. See the ``

SECURITY''

section for detailed description.

When statically deploying a

SOAP

Server, you need to know all modules handling

SOAP

requests before.

Dynamic deployment allows extending your

SOAP

Server's interface by just installing another module into the dispatch_to path (see below).

STATIC DEPLOYMENT EXAMPLE

  use SOAP::Transport::HTTP;
  use My::Examples;           # module is preloaded

  SOAP::Transport::HTTP::CGI
     # deployed module should be present here or client will get
     # 'access denied'
    -> dispatch_to('My::Examples')
    -> handle;

For static deployment you should specify the

MODULE

name directly.

You should also use static binding when you have several different classes in one file and want to make them available for

SOAP

calls.

DYNAMIC DEPLOYMENT EXAMPLE

  use SOAP::Transport::HTTP;
  # name is unknown, module will be loaded on demand

  SOAP::Transport::HTTP::CGI
    # deployed module should be present here or client will get 'access denied'
    -> dispatch_to('/Your/Path/To/Deployed/Modules', 'My::Examples')
    -> handle;

For dynamic deployment you can specify the name either directly (in that case it will be "require"d without any restriction) or indirectly, with a

PATH.

In that case, the

ONLY

path that will be available will be the

PATH

given to the dispatch_to() method). For information how to handle this situation see ``

SECURITY''

section.

SUMMARY

  dispatch_to(
    # dynamic dispatch that allows access to ALL modules in specified directory
    PATH/TO/MODULES
    # 1. specifies directory
    # -- AND --
    # 2. gives access to ALL modules in this directory without limits

    # static dispatch that allows access to ALL methods in particular MODULE
    MODULE
    #  1. gives access to particular module (all available methods)
    #  PREREQUISITES:
    #    module should be loaded manually (for example with 'use ...')
    #    -- OR --
    #    you can still specify it in PATH/TO/MODULES

    # static dispatch that allows access to particular method ONLY
    MODULE::method
    # same as MODULE, but gives access to ONLY particular method,
    # so there is not much sense to use both MODULE and MODULE::method
    # for the same MODULE
  );

In addition to this "SOAP::Lite" also supports an experimental syntax that allows you to bind a specific

URL

or SOAPAction to a

CLASS/MODULE

or object.

For example:

  dispatch_with({
    URI => MODULE,        # 'www.soaplite.com => 'My::Class',
    SOAPAction => MODULE, # 'www.soaplite.com/method => 'Another::Class',
    URI => object,        # 'www.soaplite.com/obj => My::Class->new,
  })

"URI" is checked before "SOAPAction". You may use both the "dispatch_to()" and "dispatch_with()" methods in the same server, but note that "dispatch_with()" has a higher order of precedence. "dispatch_to()" will be checked only after "URI" and "SOAPAction" has been checked.

COMPRESSION

"SOAP::Lite" provides you option to enable transparent compression over the wire. Compression can be enabled by specifying a threshold value (in the form of kilobytes) for compression on both the client and server sides:

Note: Compression currently only works for

HTTP

based servers and clients.

Client Code

  print SOAP::Lite
    ->uri('http://localhost/My/Parameters')
    ->proxy('http://localhost/', options => {compress_threshold => 10000})
    ->echo(1 x 10000)
    ->result;

Server Code

  my $server = SOAP::Transport::HTTP::CGI
    ->dispatch_to('My::Parameters')
    ->options({compress_threshold => 10000})
    ->handle;

For more information see

COMPRESSION

in HTTP::Transport.

SECURITY

For security reasons, the existing path for Perl modules (@INC) will be disabled once you have chosen dynamic deployment and specified your own "PATH/". If you wish to access other modules in your included package you have several options:

1.

Switch to static linking:

   use MODULE;
   $server->dispatch_to('MODULE');

Which can also be useful when you want to import something specific from the deployed modules:

   use MODULE qw(import_list);

2.

Change "use" to "require". The path is only unavailable during the initialization phase. It is available once more during execution. Therefore, if you utilize "require" somewhere in your package, it will work.

3.

Wrap "use" in an "eval" block:

   eval 'use MODULE qw(import_list)'; die if $@;

4.

Set your include path in your package and then specify "use". Don't forget to put @INC in a "BEGIN{}" block or it won't work. For example,

   BEGIN { @INC = qw(my_directory); use MODULE }

INTEROPERABILITY

Microsoft .NET client with SOAP::Lite Server

In order to use a .NET client with a SOAP::Lite server, be sure you use fully qualified names for your return values. For example:

  return SOAP::Data->name('myname')
                   ->type('string')
                   ->uri($MY_NAMESPACE)
                   ->value($output);

In addition see comment about default encoding in .NET Web Services below.

SOAP::Lite client with a .NET server

If experiencing problems when using a SOAP::Lite client to call a .NET Web service, it is recommended you check, or adhere to all of the following recommendations:

Declare a proper soapAction in your call

For example, use "on_action( sub { 'www.myuri.com/WebService.aspx#someMethod'; } )".

Disable charset definition in Content-type header

Some users have said that Microsoft .NET prefers the value of the Content-type header to be a mimetype exclusively, but SOAP::Lite specifies a character set in addition to the mimetype. This results in an error similar to:

  Server found request content type to be 'text/xml; charset=utf-8',
  but expected 'text/xml'

To turn off this behavior specify use the following code:

  use SOAP::Lite;
  $SOAP::Constants::DO_NOT_USE_CHARSET = 1;
  # The rest of your code

Use fully qualified name for method parameters

For example, the following code is preferred:

  SOAP::Data->name(Query  => 'biztalk')
            ->uri('tempuri.org

As opposed to:

  SOAP::Data->name('Query'  => 'biztalk')

Place method in default namespace

For example, the following code is preferred:

  my $method = SOAP::Data->name('add')
                         ->attr({xmlns => 'tempuri.org/'});
  my @rc = $soap->call($method => @parms)->result;

As opposed to:

  my @rc = $soap->call(add => @parms)->result;
  # -- OR --
  my @rc = $soap->add(@parms)->result;

Disable use of explicit namespace prefixes

Some user's have reported that .NET will simply not parse messages that use namespace prefixes on anything but

SOAP

elements themselves. For example, the following

XML

would not be parsed:

  <SOAP-ENV:Envelope ...attributes skipped>
    <SOAP-ENV:Body>
      <namesp1:mymethod xmlns:namesp1="urn:MyURI" />
    </SOAP-ENV:Body>
  </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

SOAP::Lite allows users to disable the use of explicit namespaces through the "use_prefix()" method. For example, the following code:

  $som = SOAP::Lite->uri('urn:MyURI')
                   ->proxy($HOST)
                   ->use_prefix(0)
                   ->myMethod();

Will result in the following

XML,

which is more palatable by .NET:

  <SOAP-ENV:Envelope ...attributes skipped>
    <SOAP-ENV:Body>
      <mymethod xmlns="urn:MyURI" />
    </SOAP-ENV:Body>
  </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

Modify your .NET server, if possible

Stefan Pharies <stefanph@microsoft.com>:

SOAP::Lite uses the

SOAP

encoding (section 5 of the soap 1.1 spec), and the default for .NET Web Services is to use a literal encoding. So elements in the request are unqualified, but your service expects them to be qualified. .Net Web Services has a way for you to change the expected message format, which should allow you to get your interop working. At the top of your class in the asmx, add this attribute (for Beta 1):

  [SoapService(Style=SoapServiceStyle.RPC)]

Another source said it might be this attribute (for Beta 2):

  [SoapRpcService]

Full Web Service text may look like:

  <%@ WebService Language="C#" Class="Test" %>
  using System;
  using System.Web.Services;
  using System.Xml.Serialization;

  [SoapService(Style=SoapServiceStyle.RPC)]
  public class Test : WebService {
    [WebMethod]
    public int add(int a, int b) {
      return a + b;
    }
  }

Another example from Kirill Gavrylyuk <kirillg@microsoft.com>:

``You can insert [SoapRpcService()] attribute either on your class or on operation level''.

  <%@ WebService Language=CS class="DataType.StringTest"%>

  namespace DataType {

    using System;
    using System.Web.Services;
    using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
    using System.Web.Services.Description;

   [SoapRpcService()]
   public class StringTest: WebService {
     [WebMethod]
     [SoapRpcMethod()]
     public string RetString(string x) {
       return(x);
     }
   }
 }

Example from Yann Christensen <yannc@microsoft.com>:

  using System;
  using System.Web.Services;
  using System.Web.Services.Protocols;

  namespace Currency {
    [WebService(Namespace="www.yourdomain.com/example")]
    [SoapRpcService]
    public class Exchange {
      [WebMethod]
      public double getRate(String country, String country2) {
        return 122.69;
      }
    }
  }

Special thanks goes to the following people for providing the above description and details on .NET interoperability issues:

Petr Janata <petr.janata@i.cz>,

Stefan Pharies <stefanph@microsoft.com>,

Brian Jepson <bjepson@jepstone.net>, and others

TROUBLESHOOTING

SOAP::Lite serializes 18373 as an integer, but I want it to be a string!

SOAP::Lite guesses datatypes from the content provided, using a set of common-sense rules. These rules are not 100% reliable, though they fit for most data.

You may force the type by passing a SOAP::Data object with a type specified:

 my $proxy = SOAP::Lite->proxy('http://www.example.org/soapservice');
 my $som = $proxy->myMethod(
     SOAP::Data->name('foo')->value(12345)->type('string')
 );

You may also change the precedence of the type-guessing rules. Note that this means fiddling with SOAP::Lite's internals - this may not work as expected in future versions.

The example above forces everything to be encoded as string (this is because the string test is normally last and always returns true):

  my @list = qw(-1 45 foo bar 3838);
  my $proxy = SOAP::Lite->uri($uri)->proxy($proxyUrl);
  my $lookup = $proxy->serializer->typelookup;
  $lookup->{string}->[0] = 0;
  $proxy->serializer->typelookup($lookup);
  $proxy->myMethod(\@list);

See SOAP::Serializer for more details.

+autodispatch doesn't work in Perl 5.8

There is a bug in Perl 5.8's "UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD" functionality that prevents the "+autodispatch" functionality from working properly. The workaround is to use "dispatch_from" instead. Where you might normally do something like this:

   use Some::Module;
   use SOAP::Lite +autodispatch =>
       uri => 'urn:Foo'
       proxy => '...';

You would do something like this:

   use SOAP::Lite dispatch_from(Some::Module) =>
       uri => 'urn:Foo'
       proxy => '...';

Problems using SOAP::Lite's COM Interface

Can't call method server on undefined value: You probably did not register Lite.dll using "regsvr32 Lite.dll"
Failed to load PerlCtrl Runtime: It is likely that you have install Perl in two different locations and the location of ActiveState's Perl is not the first instance of Perl specified in your
PATH.
To rectify, rename the directory in which the non-ActiveState Perl is installed, or be sure the path to ActiveState's Perl is specified prior to any other instance of Perl in your
PATH.

Dynamic libraries are not found

If you are using the Apache web server, and you are seeing something like the following in your webserver log file:

  Can't load '/usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/.../XML/Parser/Expat/Expat.so'
    for module XML::Parser::Expat: dynamic linker: /usr/local/bin/perl:
    libexpat.so.0 is NEEDED, but object does not exist at
    /usr/local/lib/perl5/.../DynaLoader.pm line 200.

Then try placing the following into your httpd.conf file and see if it fixes your problem.

 <IfModule mod_env.c>
     PassEnv LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 </IfModule>

SOAP client reports 500 unexpected EOF before status line seen

See ``Apache is crashing with segfaults''

Apache is crashing with segfaults

Using "SOAP::Lite" (or XML::Parser::Expat) in combination with mod_perl causes random segmentation faults in httpd processes. To fix, try configuring Apache with the following:

 RULE_EXPAT=no

If you are using Apache 1.3.20 and later, try configuring Apache with the following option:

 ./configure --disable-rule=EXPAT

See archive.covalent.net/modperl/2000/04/0185.xml for more details and lot of thanks to Robert Barta <rho@bigpond.net.au> for explaining this weird behavior.

If this doesn't address the problem, you may wish to try "-Uusemymalloc", or a similar option in order to instruct Perl to use the system's own "malloc".

Thanks to Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@pobox.com>.

CGI scripts do not work under Microsoft Internet Information Server ( IIS )

CGI

scripts may not work under

IIS

unless scripts use the ".pl" extension, opposed to ".cgi".

Java SAX parser unable to parse message composed by SOAP::Lite

In some cases

SOAP

messages created by "SOAP::Lite" may not be parsed properly by a SAX2/Java

XML

parser. This is due to a known bug in "org.xml.sax.helpers.ParserAdapter". This bug manifests itself when an attribute in an

XML

element occurs prior to the

XML

namespace declaration on which it depends. However, according to the

XML

specification, the order of these attributes is not significant.

www.megginson.com/SAX/index.html

Thanks to Steve Alpert (Steve_Alpert@idx.com) for pointing on it.

PERFORMANCE

Processing of XML encoded fragments

"SOAP::Lite" is based on XML::Parser which is basically wrapper around James Clark's expat parser. Expat's behavior for parsing

XML

encoded string can affect processing messages that have lot of encoded entities, like

XML

fragments, encoded as strings. Providing low-level details, parser will call char() callback for every portion of processed stream, but individually for every processed entity or newline. It can lead to lot of calls and additional memory manager expenses even for small messages. By contrast,

XML

messages which are encoded as base64Binary, don't have this problem and difference in processing time can be significant. For

XML

encoded string that has about 20 lines and 30 tags, number of call could be about 100 instead of one for the same string encoded as base64Binary.

Since it is parser's feature there is

fix for this behavior (let me know if you find one), especially because you need to parse message you already got (and you cannot control content of this message), however, if your are in charge for both ends of processing you can switch encoding to base64 on sender's side. It will definitely work with SOAP::Lite and it may work with other toolkits/implementations also, but obviously I cannot guarantee that.

If you want to encode specific string as base64, just do "SOAP::Data->type(base64 => $string)" either on client or on server side. If you want change behavior for specific instance of SOAP::Lite, you may subclass "SOAP::Serializer", override "as_string()" method that is responsible for string encoding (take a look into "as_base64Binary()") and specify new serializer class for your SOAP::Lite object with:

  my $soap = new SOAP::Lite
    serializer => My::Serializer->new,
    ..... other parameters

or on server side:

  my $server = new SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Daemon # or any other server
    serializer => My::Serializer->new,
    ..... other parameters

If you want to change this behavior for all instances of SOAP::Lite, just substitute "as_string()" method with "as_base64Binary()" somewhere in your code after "use SOAP::Lite" and before actual processing/sending:

  *SOAP::Serializer::as_string = \&SOAP::XMLSchema2001::Serializer::as_base64Binary;

Be warned that last two methods will affect all strings and convert them into base64 encoded. It doesn't make any difference for SOAP::Lite, but it may make a difference for other toolkits.

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

*: No support for multidimensional, partially transmitted and sparse arrays (however arrays of arrays are supported, as well as any other data structures, and you can add your own implementation with SOAP::Data).
*: Limited support for
WSDL
schema.
*: XML::Parser::Lite relies on Unicode support in Perl and doesn't do entity decoding.
*: Limited support for mustUnderstand and Actor attributes.

PLATFORM SPECIFICS

MacOS

Information about XML::Parser for MacPerl could be found here:

bumppo.net/lists/macperl-modules/1999/07/msg00047.html

Compiled XML::Parser for MacOS could be found here:

www.perl.com/CPAN-local/authors/id/A/AS/ASANDSTRM/XML-Parser-2.27-bin-1-MacOS.tgz

RELATED MODULES

Transport Modules

SOAP::Lite allows one to add support for additional transport protocols, or server handlers, via separate modules implementing the SOAP::Transport::* interface. The following modules are available from

CPAN:

*: SOAP-Transport-HTTP-Nginx
SOAP::Transport::HTTP::Nginx provides a transport module for nginx (<nginx.net>)

AVAILABILITY

You can download the latest version SOAP::Lite for Unix or SOAP::Lite for Win32 from the following sources:

 * CPAN:                search.cpan.org/search?dist=SOAP-Lite

You are welcome to send e-mail to the maintainers of SOAP::Lite with your comments, suggestions, bug reports and complaints.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Special thanks to Randy J. Ray, author of Programming Web Services with Perl, who has contributed greatly to the documentation effort of SOAP::Lite.

Special thanks to O'Reilly publishing which has graciously allowed SOAP::Lite to republish and redistribute the SOAP::Lite reference manual found in Appendix B of Programming Web Services with Perl.

And special gratitude to all the developers who have contributed patches, ideas, time, energy, and help in a million different forms to the development of this software.

HACKING

Latest development takes place on GitHub.com. Come on by and fork it.

git@github.com:redhotpenguin/soaplite.git

Also see the

HACKING

file.

Actively recruiting maintainers for this module. Come and get it on!

REPORTING BUGS

Please use rt.cpan.org or github to report bugs. Pull requests are preferred.

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

This text and all associated documentation for this library is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0

AUTHORS

Paul Kulchenko (paulclinger@yahoo.com)

Randy J. Ray (rjray@blackperl.com)

Byrne Reese (byrne@majordojo.com)

Martin Kutter (martin.kutter@fen-net.de)

Fred Moyer (fred@redhotpenguin.com)

SOAP::Lite • man page

SOAP::Lite • man page

SOAP::Lite (3)

Leading comments

NAME

DESCRIPTION

PERL VERSION WARNING

OVERVIEW OF CLASSES AND PACKAGES

METHODS

WRITING A SOAP CLIENT

SOAP message styles

Example implementations

Differences between the implementations

WRITING A SOAP SERVER

FEATURES

ATTACHMENTS

DEFAULT SETTINGS

SETTING MAXIMUM MESSAGE SIZE

IN/OUT, OUT PARAMETERS AND AUTOBINDING

STATIC AND DYNAMIC SERVICE DEPLOYMENT

COMPRESSION

SECURITY

INTEROPERABILITY

Microsoft .NET client with SOAP::Lite Server

SOAP::Lite client with a .NET server

TROUBLESHOOTING

PERFORMANCE

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

PLATFORM SPECIFICS

RELATED MODULES

Transport Modules

AVAILABILITY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

HACKING

REPORTING BUGS

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

AUTHORS

Man Section

extra • Version

extra • Source

extra • Book

SOAP
message styles