perltoc • man page

perltoc (1)

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NAME

perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION

This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION

perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter

SYNOPSIS

GETTING HELP

Overview
Tutorials
Reference Manual
Internals and C Language Interface
Miscellaneous
Language-Specific
Platform-Specific
Stubs for Deleted Documents

DESCRIPTION

AVAILABILITY

ENVIRONMENT

AUTHOR

FILES

SEE ALSO

DIAGNOSTICS

BUGS

NOTES

perlintro --- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

DESCRIPTION

What is Perl?
Running Perl programs
Safety net
Basic syntax overview
Perl variable types: Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
Variable scoping
Conditional and looping constructs: if, while, for, foreach
Builtin operators and functions: Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, Miscellaneous
Files and I/O
Regular expressions: Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
Writing subroutines
OO Perl
Using Perl modules

AUTHOR

perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

#! and quoting on non-Unix systems: OS/2,
MS-DOS, Win95/NT,
VMS
Location of Perl
Command Switches: -0[octal/hexadecimal] , -a , -C [number/list] , -c , -d , -dt, -d:MOD[=bar,baz] , -dt:MOD[=bar,baz], -Dletters , -Dnumber, -e commandline , -E commandline , -f
, -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension] , -Idirectory , -l[octnum] , -m[-]module , -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -s , -S , -t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W , -X , -x , -xdirectory

ENVIRONMENT

HOME

LOGDIR

PATH

PERL5LIB

PERL5OPT

PERLIO

, :bytes , :crlf , :mmap , :perlio , :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 , :win32 ,

PERLIO_DEBUG

PERLLIB

PERL5DB

PERL5DB_THREADED

PERL5SHELL

(specific to the Win32 port) ,

PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP

(specific to the Win32 port) ,

PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS

PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL

PERL_DL_NONLAZY

PERL_ENCODING

PERL_HASH_SEED

PERL_PERTURB_KEYS

PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG

PERL_MEM_LOG

PERL_ROOT

(specific to the

VMS

port) ,

PERL_SIGNALS

PERL_UNICODE

SYS$LOGIN

(specific to the

VMS

port)

perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

DESCRIPTION

Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?

The Solution

Syntax

Making References
Using References
An Example
Arrow Rule

Solution

The Rest

Summary

Credits

Distribution Conditions

perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

DESCRIPTION

arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs

REFERENCES

COMMON MISTAKES

CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE

WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict

DEBUGGING

CODE EXAMPLES

ARRAYS OF ARRAYS

Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS

HASHES OF ARRAYS

Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS

ARRAYS OF HASHES

Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES

HASHES OF HASHES

Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES

MORE ELABORATE RECORDS

Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS

Database Ties

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

DESCRIPTION

The Guide

Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
More matching
Search and replace
The split operator
use re 'strict'

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Acknowledgments

perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

DESCRIPTION

Part 1: The basics

Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Extracting matches
Backreferences
Relative backreferences
Named backreferences
Alternative capture group numbering
Position information
Non-capturing groupings
Matching repetitions: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Possessive quantifiers
Building a regexp
Using regular expressions in Perl

Part 2: Power tools

More on characters, strings, and character classes
Compiling and saving regular expressions
Composing regular expressions at runtime
Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
Looking ahead and looking behind
Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
Conditional expressions
Defining named patterns
Recursive patterns
A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
Backtracking control verbs
Pragmas and debugging

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Acknowledgments

perlootut - Object-Oriented Programming in Perl Tutorial

DATE

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT-ORIENTED FUNDAMENTALS

Object
Class
Methods
Attributes
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Composition
Roles
When to Use OO

PERL OO SYSTEMS

Moose: Declarative sugar, Roles built-in, A miniature type system, Full introspection and manipulation, Self-hosted and extensible, Rich ecosystem, Many more features
Class::Accessor
Class::Tiny
Role::Tiny
OO System Summary: Moose, Class::Accessor, Class::Tiny, Role::Tiny
Other OO Systems

CONCLUSION

perlperf - Perl Performance and Optimization Techniques

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW

ONE STEP SIDEWAYS
ONE STEP FORWARD
ANOTHER STEP SIDEWAYS

GENERAL GUIDELINES

BENCHMARKS

Assigning and Dereferencing Variables.
Search and replace or tr

PROFILING TOOLS

Devel::DProf
Devel::Profiler
Devel::SmallProf
Devel::FastProf
Devel::NYTProf

SORTING

Elapsed Real Time, User

CPU

Time, System

CPU

Time

LOGGING

Logging if DEBUG (constant)

POSTSCRIPT

SEE ALSO

PERLDOCS
MAN PAGES
MODULES
URLS

AUTHOR

perlstyle - Perl style guide

DESCRIPTION

perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

DESCRIPTION

The sheet

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

DESCRIPTION

Awk Traps
C/C ++ Traps
JavaScript Traps
Sed Traps
Shell Traps
Perl Traps

perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

DESCRIPTION
use strict
Looking at data and -w and v
help
Stepping through code
Placeholder for a, w, t, T
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
OUTPUT TIPS
CGI
GUIs
SUMMARY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS

perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

Where to find the perlfaq
How to use the perlfaq
How to contribute to the perlfaq
What if my question isn't answered in the FAQ ?

TABLE OF CONTENTS

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking

THE QUESTIONS

perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
perlfaq3: Programming Tools
perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
perlfaq5: Files and Formats
perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
perlfaq8: System Interaction
perlfaq9: Web, Email and Networking

CREDITS

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

What is Perl?
Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
Which version of Perl should I use?
What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?
What is Perl 6?
How stable is Perl?
How often are new versions of Perl released?
Is Perl difficult to learn?
How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
Can I do [task] in Perl?
When shouldn't I program in Perl?
What's the difference between perl and Perl?
What is a JAPH ?
How can I convince others to use Perl?: <www.perl.org/about.html>, <perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html>

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
How can I get a binary version of Perl?
I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.
I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN ?
Where can I get information on Perl?: <www.perl.org>, <perldoc.perl.org>, <learn.perl.org>
What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?: <www.perl.org>, <learn.perl.org>, <jobs.perl.org>, <lists.perl.org>
Where can I post questions?
Perl Books
Which magazines have Perl content?
Which Perl blogs should I read?
What mailing lists are there for Perl?
Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
Where do I send bug reports?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq3 - Programming Tools

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

How do I do (anything)?: Basics, perldata - Perl data types, perlvar - Perl pre-defined variables, perlsyn - Perl syntax, perlop - Perl operators and precedence, perlsub - Perl subroutines, Execution, perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter, perldebug - Perl debugging, Functions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions, Objects, perlref - Perl references and nested data structures, perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlobj - Perl objects, perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable, Data Structures, perlref - Perl references and nested data structures, perllol - Manipulating arrays of arrays in Perl, perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook, Modules, perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones, Regexes, perlre - Perl regular expressions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions>, perlop - Perl operators and precedence, perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization), Moving to perl5, perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary, perl, Linking with C, perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs, perlxs -
XS
language reference manual, perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C, perlguts - Introduction to the Perl
API,
perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program, Various
How can I use Perl interactively?
How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
How do I debug my Perl programs?
How do I profile my Perl programs?
How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?: Eclipse, Enginsite, Kephra, Komodo, Notepad++, Open Perl
IDE,
OptiPerl, Padre, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus,
GNU
Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Vim, Vile, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, ConTEXT, bash, zsh, BBEdit and TextWrangler
Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
Where can I get perl-mode or cperl-mode for emacs?
How can I use curses with Perl?
How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?: Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena
How can I make my Perl program run faster?
How can I make my Perl program take less memory?: Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
How can I get #!perl to work on [ MS-DOS,NT,... ]?
Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?
When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
What's MakeMaker?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

Data: Numbers

Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
Why is int() broken?
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?
How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?: How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to binary
Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
How do I multiply matrices?
How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
How can I output Roman numerals?
Why aren't my random numbers random?
How do I get a random number between X and Y?

Data: Dates

How do I find the day or week of the year?
How do I find the current century or millennium?
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
How can I find the Julian Day?
How do I find yesterday's date?
Does Perl have a Year 2000 or 2038 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?

Data: Strings

How do I validate input?
How do I unescape a string?
How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
How do I expand function calls in a string?
How do I find matching/nesting anything?
How do I reverse a string?
How do I expand tabs in a string?
How do I reformat a paragraph?
How can I access or change N characters of a string?
How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?
How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
How can I split a [character]-delimited string except when inside [character]?
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
How do I extract selected columns from a string?
How do I find the soundex value of a string?
How can I expand variables in text strings?
What's wrong with always quoting $vars?
Why don't my << HERE documents work?: There must be no space after the << part, There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end of the opening token, You can't (easily) have any space in front of the tag, There needs to be at least a line separator after the end token

Data: Arrays

What is the difference between a list and an array?
What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?
How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?
How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
How do I handle linked lists?
How do I handle circular lists?
How do I shuffle an array randomly?
How do I process/modify each element of an array?
How do I select a random element from an array?
How do I permute N elements of a list?
How do I sort an array by (anything)?
How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?

Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)

How do I process an entire hash?
How do I merge two hashes?
What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?
How do I look up a hash element by value?
How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
How can I always keep my hash sorted?
What's the difference between delete and undef with hashes?
Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C ++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?
How can I use a reference as a hash key?
How can I check if a key exists in a multilevel hash?
How can I prevent addition of unwanted keys into a hash?

Data: Misc

How do I handle binary data correctly?
How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
How do I define methods for every class/object?
How do I verify a credit card checksum?
How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq5 - Files and Formats

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
How do I change, delete, or insert a line in a file, or append to the beginning of a file?
How do I count the number of lines in a file?
How do I delete the last N lines from a file?
How can I use Perl's -i option from within a program?
How can I copy a file?
How do I make a temporary file name?
How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
How can I write() into a string?
How can I open a filehandle to a string?
How can I output my numbers with commas added?
How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
Why do I sometimes get an Argument list too long when I use <*>?
How can I open a file with a leading > or trailing blanks?
How can I reliably rename a file?
How can I lock a file?
Why can't I just open( FH, >file.lock)?
I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?
All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking?
How do I randomly update a binary file?
How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I print to more than one file at once?
How can I read in an entire file all at once?
How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
How do I do a tail -f in perl?
How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
How do I close a file descriptor by number?
Why can't I use C:\temp\foo in DOS paths? Why doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
Why doesn't glob(*.*) get all the files?
Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
How do I select a random line from a file?
Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
How do I traverse a directory tree?
How do I delete a directory tree?
How do I copy an entire directory?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?: Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?
How do I match XML, HTML, or other nasty, ugly things with a regex?
I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
How do I substitute case-insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS ?
How can I make \w match national character sets?
How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/?
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
What is /o really for?
How do I use a regular expression to strip C-style comments from a file?
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
How do I process each word on each line?
How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
How can I do approximate matching?
How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
Why don't word-boundary searches with \b work for me?
Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
What good is \G in a regular expression?
Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?
Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?
How do I skip some return values?
How do I temporarily block warnings?
What's an extension?
Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
How do I declare/create a structure?
How do I create a module?
How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN ?
How do I create a class?
How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
What's a closure?
What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?: Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, Passing Methods
How do I create a static variable?
What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?
How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?
What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
Why doesn't my($foo) = <$fh>; work right?
How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
How do I create a switch or case statement?
How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or methods?
Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
How can I find out my current or calling package?
How can I comment out a large block of Perl code?
How do I clear a package?
How can I use a variable as a variable name?
What does bad interpreter mean?
Do I need to recompile XS modules when there is a change in the C library?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq8 - System Interaction

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
How come exec() doesn't return?
How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?: Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
How do I print something out in color?
How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
How do I clear the screen?
How do I get the screen size?
How do I ask the user for a password?
How do I read and write the serial port?: lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
How do I decode encrypted password files?
How do I start a process in the background?: STDIN, STDOUT,
and
STDERR
are shared, Signals, Zombies
How do I trap control characters/signals?
How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
How do I set the time and date?
How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
How can I measure time under a second?
How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message Protocol not supported mean?
How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
How can I call backticks without shell processing?
Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
How can I convert my shell script to perl?
Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
How can I write expect in Perl?
Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as ps?
I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?: Unix
How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?
How do I fork a daemon process?
How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
How do I timeout a slow event?
How do I set CPU limits?
How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
How do I use an SQL database?
How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
How do I open a file without blocking?
How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
How do I install a module from CPAN ?
What's the difference between require and use?
How do I keep my own module/library directory?
How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?
How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?: the "PERLLIB" environment variable, the "PERL5LIB" environment variable, the "perl -Idir" command line flag, the "lib" pragma:, the local::lib module:
Where are modules installed?
What is socket.ph and where do I get it?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

Should I use a web framework?
Which web framework should I use?: Catalyst, Dancer, Mojolicious, Web::Simple
What is Plack and PSGI ?
How do I remove HTML from a string?
How do I extract URLs?
How do I fetch an HTML file?
How do I automate an HTML form submission?
How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
How do I redirect to another page?
How do I put a password on my web pages?
How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that causes my CGI script to do bad things?
How do I parse a mail header?
How do I check a valid mail address?
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
How do I find the user's mail address?
How do I send email?: Email::Sender::Transport::Sendmail, Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP, Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP::TLS
How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
How do I read email?
How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
How do I fetch/put an (S)FTP file?
How can I do RPC in Perl?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlsyn - Perl syntax

DESCRIPTION

Declarations
Comments
Simple Statements
Truth and Falsehood
Statement Modifiers
Compound Statements
Loop Control
For Loops
Foreach Loops
Basic BLOCKs
Switch Statements
Goto
The Ellipsis Statement
PODs: Embedded Documentation
Plain Old Comments (Not!)
Experimental Details on given and when: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

perldata - Perl data types

DESCRIPTION

Variable names
Identifier parsing
Context
Scalar values
Scalar value constructors
List value constructors
Subscripts
Multi-dimensional array emulation
Slices
Typeglobs and Filehandles

SEE ALSO

perlop - Perl operators and precedence

DESCRIPTION

Operator Precedence and Associativity
Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
The Arrow Operator
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
Exponentiation
Symbolic Unary Operators
Binding Operators
Multiplicative Operators
Additive Operators
Shift Operators
Named Unary Operators
Relational Operators
Equality Operators
Smartmatch Operator: 1. Empty hashes or arrays match, 2. That is, each element smartmatches the element of the same index in the other array.[3], 3. If a circular reference is found, fall back to referential equality, 4. Either an actual number, or a string that looks like one
Bitwise And
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
C-style Logical And
C-style Logical Or
Logical Defined-Or
Range Operators
Conditional Operator
Assignment Operators
Comma Operator
List Operators (Rightward)
Logical Not
Logical And
Logical or and Exclusive Or
C Operators Missing From Perl: unary &, unary *, (
TYPE
)
Quote and Quote-like Operators: [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]
Regexp Quote-Like Operators: "qr/STRING/msixpodualn" , "m/PATTERN/msixpodualngc"

, "/PATTERN/msixpodualngc", The empty pattern "//", Matching in list context, "\G assertion", "m?PATTERN?msixpodualngc"
, "?PATTERN?msixpodualngc", "s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpodualngcer"
Quote-Like Operators: "q/STRING/" , 'STRING', "qq/STRING/" , "
STRING
", "qx/STRING/" , "`STRING`", "qw/STRING/" , "tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr"
, "y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr", "<<EOF" , Double Quotes, Single Quotes, Backticks
Gory details of parsing quoted constructs: Finding the end, Interpolation , "<<'EOF'", "m''", the pattern of "s'''", '', "q//", "tr'''", "y'''", the replacement of "s'''", "tr///", "y///", "", "``", "qq//", "qx//", "<file*glob>", "<<"EOF"", the replacement of "s///", "RE" in "?RE?", "/RE/", "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, parsing regular expressions , Optimization of regular expressions
I/O Operators
Constant Folding
No-ops
Bitwise String Operators
Integer Arithmetic
Floating-point Arithmetic
Bigger Numbers

perlsub - Perl subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

documented later in this document, documented in perlmod, documented in perlobj, documented in perltie, documented in PerlIO::via, documented in perlfunc, documented in

UNIVERSAL

, documented in perldebguts, undocumented, used internally by the overload feature

Signatures
Private Variables via my()
Persistent Private Variables
Temporary Values via local()
Lvalue subroutines
Lexical Subroutines
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
When to Still Use local()
Pass by Reference
Prototypes
Constant Functions
Overriding Built-in Functions
Autoloading
Subroutine Attributes

SEE ALSO

perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

DESCRIPTION

Perl Functions by Category: Functions for SCALARs or strings , Regular expressions and pattern matching , Numeric functions , Functions for real @ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes , Input and output functions
  , Functions for fixed-length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories
   , Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program , Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups
  , Keywords related to Perl modules , Keywords related to classes and object-orientation
, Low-level socket functions  , System V interprocess communication functions
  , Fetching user and group info
      , Fetching network info , Time-related functions , Non-function keywords
Portability
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions: -X
FILEHANDLE
, -X
EXPR, -
X
DIRHANDLE, -
X, abs
VALUE
, abs, accept
NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET
, alarm
SECONDS
, alarm, atan2 Y,X , bind
SOCKET,NAME
, binmode
FILEHANDLE, LAYER

, binmode
FILEHANDLE,
bless
REF,CLASSNAME
, bless
REF,
break, caller
EXPR
, caller, chdir
EXPR
, chdir
FILEHANDLE,
chdir
DIRHANDLE,
chdir, chmod
LIST
, chomp
VARIABLE
, chomp(
LIST
), chomp, chop
VARIABLE
, chop(
LIST
), chop, chown
LIST
, chr
NUMBER
, chr, chroot
FILENAME
, chroot, close
FILEHANDLE
, close, closedir
DIRHANDLE
, connect
SOCKET,NAME
, continue
BLOCK
, continue, cos
EXPR
, cos, crypt
PLAINTEXT,SALT


  , dbmclose
HASH
, dbmopen
HASH,DBNAME,MASK
, defined
EXPR
, defined, delete
EXPR
, die
LIST
, do
BLOCK
, do
EXPR
, dump
LABEL
, dump
EXPR,
dump, each
HASH
, each
ARRAY
, each
EXPR,
eof
FILEHANDLE
, eof (), eof, eval
EXPR

, eval
BLOCK,
eval, evalbytes
EXPR
, evalbytes, exec
LIST
, exec
PROGRAM LIST,
exists
EXPR
, exit
EXPR
, exit, exp
EXPR
, exp, fc
EXPR
, fc, fcntl
FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
, __FILE__ , fileno
FILEHANDLE
, flock
FILEHANDLE,OPERATION
, fork , format , formline
PICTURE,LIST
, getc
FILEHANDLE
, getc, getlogin , getpeername
SOCKET
, getpgrp
PID
, getppid
, getpriority
WHICH,WHO
  , getpwnam
NAME






, getgrnam
NAME,
gethostbyname
NAME,
getnetbyname
NAME,
getprotobyname
NAME,
getpwuid
UID,
getgrgid
GID,
getservbyname
NAME,PROTO,
gethostbyaddr
ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
getnetbyaddr
ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
getprotobynumber
NUMBER,
getservbyport
PORT,PROTO,
getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent
STAYOPEN,
setnetent
STAYOPEN,
setprotoent
STAYOPEN,
setservent
STAYOPEN,
endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname
SOCKET
, getsockopt
SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME
, glob
EXPR

, glob, gmtime
EXPR
, gmtime, goto
LABEL
, goto
EXPR,
goto &NAME, grep
BLOCK LIST
, grep
EXPR,LIST,
hex
EXPR
, hex, import
LIST
, index
STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
, index
STR,SUBSTR,
int
EXPR

  , int, ioctl
FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR
, join
EXPR,LIST
, keys
HASH
, keys
ARRAY,
keys
EXPR,
kill
SIGNAL, LIST,
kill
SIGNAL
, last
LABEL
, last
EXPR,
last, lc
EXPR
, lc, If "use bytes" is in effect:, Otherwise, if "use locale" for "LC_CTYPE" is in effect:, Otherwise, If
EXPR
has the
UTF8
flag set:, Otherwise, if "use feature 'unicode_strings'" or "use locale ':not_characters'" is in effect:, Otherwise:, lcfirst
EXPR
, lcfirst, length
EXPR
, length, __LINE__ , link
OLDFILE,NEWFILE
, listen
SOCKET,QUEUESIZE
, local
EXPR
, localtime
EXPR
, localtime, lock
THING
, log
EXPR

   , log, lstat
FILEHANDLE
, lstat
EXPR,
lstat
DIRHANDLE,
lstat, m//, map
BLOCK LIST
, map
EXPR,LIST,
mkdir
FILENAME,MASK
, mkdir
FILENAME,
mkdir, msgctl
ID,CMD,ARG
, msgget
KEY,FLAGS
, msgrcv
ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS
, msgsnd
ID,MSG,FLAGS
, my
VARLIST
, my
TYPE VARLIST,
my
VARLIST : ATTRS,
my
TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS,
next
LABEL
, next
EXPR,
next, no
MODULE VERSION LIST
, no
MODULE VERSION,
no
MODULE LIST,
no
MODULE,
no
VERSION,
oct
EXPR
, oct, open
FILEHANDLE,EXPR
, open
FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,
open
FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST,
open
FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE,
open
FILEHANDLE,
opendir
DIRHANDLE,EXPR
, ord
EXPR
, ord, our
VARLIST
, our
TYPE VARLIST,
our
VARLIST : ATTRS,
our
TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS,
pack
TEMPLATE,LIST
, package
NAMESPACE,
package
NAMESPACE VERSION
, package
NAMESPACE BLOCK,
package
NAMESPACE VERSION BLOCK
, __PACKAGE__ , pipe
READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE
, pop
ARRAY
, pop
EXPR,
pop, pos
SCALAR
, pos, print
FILEHANDLE LIST
, print
FILEHANDLE,
print
LIST,
print, printf
FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST
, printf
FILEHANDLE,
printf
FORMAT, LIST,
printf, prototype
FUNCTION
, prototype, push
ARRAY,LIST
, push
EXPR,LIST,
q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qw/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qr/STRING/, quotemeta
EXPR
, quotemeta, rand
EXPR
, rand, read
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
, read
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
readdir
DIRHANDLE
, readline
EXPR,
readline , readlink
EXPR
, readlink, readpipe
EXPR,
readpipe , recv
SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS
, redo
LABEL
, redo
EXPR,
redo, ref
EXPR
, ref, rename
OLDNAME,NEWNAME
, require
VERSION
, require
EXPR,
require, reset
EXPR
, reset, return
EXPR
, return, reverse
LIST
, rewinddir
DIRHANDLE
, rindex
STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
, rindex
STR,SUBSTR,
rmdir
FILENAME
, rmdir, s///, say
FILEHANDLE LIST
, say
FILEHANDLE,
say
LIST,
say, scalar
EXPR
, seek
FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE
, seekdir
DIRHANDLE,POS
, select
FILEHANDLE
, select, select
RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT
, semctl
ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG
, semget
KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS
, semop
KEY,OPSTRING
, send
SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO
, send
SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,
setpgrp
PID,PGRP
, setpriority
WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY

  , setsockopt
SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL
, shift
ARRAY
, shift
EXPR,
shift, shmctl
ID,CMD,ARG
, shmget
KEY,SIZE,FLAGS
, shmread
ID,VAR,POS,SIZE
, shmwrite
ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
shutdown
SOCKET,HOW
, sin
EXPR
, sin, sleep
EXPR
, sleep, socket
SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL
, socketpair
SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL
, sort
SUBNAME LIST
, sort
BLOCK LIST,
sort
LIST,
splice
ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST
, splice
ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
splice
ARRAY,OFFSET,
splice
ARRAY,
splice
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST,
splice
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,
splice
EXPR,OFFSET,
splice
EXPR,
split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf
FORMAT, LIST
, format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width , size, order of arguments, sqrt
EXPR
, sqrt, srand
EXPR
, srand, stat
FILEHANDLE
, stat
EXPR,
stat
DIRHANDLE,
stat, state
VARLIST
, state
TYPE VARLIST,
state
VARLIST : ATTRS,
state
TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS,
study
SCALAR
, study, sub
NAME BLOCK
, sub
NAME
(
PROTO
)
BLOCK,
sub
NAME : ATTRS BLOCK,
sub
NAME
(
PROTO
) :
ATTRS BLOCK,
__SUB__ , substr
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT
, substr
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,
substr
EXPR,OFFSET,
symlink
OLDFILE,NEWFILE
, syscall
NUMBER, LIST
, sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE
, sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS,
sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
, sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
sysseek
FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE
, system
LIST
, system
PROGRAM LIST,
syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET
, syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,
tell
FILEHANDLE
, tell, telldir
DIRHANDLE
, tie
VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST
, tied
VARIABLE
, time , times , tr///, truncate
FILEHANDLE,LENGTH
, truncate
EXPR,LENGTH,
uc
EXPR
, uc, ucfirst
EXPR
, ucfirst, umask
EXPR
, umask, undef
EXPR
, undef, unlink
LIST

, unlink, unpack
TEMPLATE,EXPR
, unpack
TEMPLATE,
unshift
ARRAY,LIST
, unshift
EXPR,LIST,
untie
VARIABLE
, use Module
VERSION LIST
, use Module
VERSION,
use Module
LIST,
use Module, use
VERSION,
utime
LIST
, values
HASH
, values
ARRAY,
values
EXPR,
vec
EXPR,OFFSET,BITS
, wait , waitpid
PID,FLAGS
, wantarray
, warn
LIST
  , write
FILEHANDLE
, write
EXPR,
write, y///
Non-function Keywords by Cross-reference: __DATA__, __END__,
BEGIN, CHECK, END, INIT, UNITCHECK, DESTROY,
and, cmp, eq, ge, gt, le, lt, ne, not, or, x, xor,
AUTOLOAD,
else, elsif, for, foreach, if, unless, until, while, elseif, default, given, when

perlopentut - simple recipes for opening files and pipes in Perl

DESCRIPTION

HANDLE

MODE

PATHNAME

Opening Text Files

Opening Text Files for Reading
Opening Text Files for Writing

Opening Binary Files

Opening Pipes

Low-level File Opens via sysopen

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT

perlpacktut - tutorial on pack and unpack

DESCRIPTION

The Basic Principle

Packing Text

Packing Numbers

Integers
Unpacking a Stack Frame
How to Eat an Egg on a Net
Byte-order modifiers
Floating point Numbers

Exotic Templates

Bit Strings
Uuencoding
Doing Sums
Unicode
Another Portable Binary Encoding

Template Grouping

Lengths and Widths

String Lengths
Dynamic Templates
Counting Repetitions
Intel HEX

Packing and Unpacking C Structures

The Alignment Pit
Dealing with Endian-ness
Alignment, Take 2
Alignment, Take 3
Pointers for How to Use Them

Pack Recipes

Funnies Section

Authors

perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

DESCRIPTION

Ordinary Paragraph
Verbatim Paragraph
Command Paragraph: "=head1 Heading Text"
  , "=head2 Heading Text", "=head3 Heading Text", "=head4 Heading Text", "=over indentlevel"
    , "=item stuff...", "=back", "=cut" , "=pod" , "=begin formatname"
     , "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"
Formatting Codes: "I<text>" --- italic text , "B<text>" --- bold text
, "C<code>" --- code text
, "L<name>" --- a hyperlink , "E<escape>" --- a character escape
, "F<filename>" --- used for filenames , "S<text>" --- text contains non-breaking spaces
, "X<topic name>" --- an index entry
, "Z<>" --- a null (zero-effect) formatting code
The Intent
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
Hints for Writing Pod

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

DESCRIPTION
Pod Definitions
Pod Commands: ``=head1'', ``=head2'', ``=head3'', ``=head4'', ``=pod'', ``=cut'', ``=over'', ``=item'', ``=back'', ``=begin formatname'', ``=begin formatname parameter'', ``=end formatname'', ``=for formatname text...'', ``=encoding encodingname''
Pod Formatting Codes: "I<text>" --- italic text, "B<text>" --- bold text, "C<code>" --- code text, "F<filename>" --- style for filenames, "X<topic name>" --- an index entry, "Z<>" --- a null (zero-effect) formatting code, "L<name>" --- a hyperlink, "E<escape>" --- a character escape, "S<text>" --- text contains non-breaking spaces
Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
About L<...> Codes: First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
About =over...=back Regions
About Data Paragraphs and =begin/=end Regions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlpodstyle - Perl
POD
style guide

DESCRIPTION: NAME, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, OPTIONS, RETURN VALUE, ERRORS, DIAGNOSTICS, EXAMPLES, ENVIRONMENT, FILES, CAVEATS, BUGS, RESTRICTIONS, NOTES, AUTHOR, HISTORY, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE, SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

DESCRIPTION

perldebug - Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION

The Perl Debugger

Calling the Debugger: perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:ptkdb program_name, perl -dt threaded_program_name
Debugger Commands: h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg [vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T , s [expr] , n [expr] , r , <
CR
>, c [line|sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/, ?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t [n] , t [n] expr , b , b [line] [condition] , b [file]:[line] [condition] , b subname [condition] , b postpone subname [condition] , b load filename
, b compile subname , B line , B *
, disable [file]:[line]
, disable [line]
, enable [file]:[line]
, enable [line]
, a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr , W expr , W * , o , o booloption ... , o anyoption? ... , o option=value ... , < ? , < [ command ] , < * , << command , > ? , > command , > * , >> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{ command , ! number , ! -number , ! pattern , !! cmd , source file , H -number , q or ^D , R , |dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage]
Configurable Options: "recallCommand", "ShellBang" , "pager" , "tkRunning" , "signalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel"
, "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" , "ornaments" , "frame" , "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" , "arrayDepth", "hashDepth" , "dumpDepth" , "compactDump", "veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" , "DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
, "UsageOnly" , "HistFile" , "HistSize" , "TTY" , "noTTY" , "ReadLine" , "NonStop"
Debugger Input/Output: Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace , Line Listing Format, Frame listing
Debugging Compile-Time Statements
Debugger Customization
Readline Support / History in the Debugger
Editor Support for Debugging
The Perl Profiler

Debugging Regular Expressions

Debugging Memory Usage

SEE ALSO

BUGS

perlvar - Perl predefined variables

DESCRIPTION

The Syntax of Variable Names

SPECIAL VARIABLES

General Variables: $ARG, $_ , @ARG, @_ , $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" , $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$ , $PROGRAM_NAME, $0 , $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(
, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) , $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< , $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $> , $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $; , $a, $b , %ENV , $OLD_PERL_VERSION, $] , $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F
, @F , @INC , %INC , $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I , $^M , $OSNAME, $^O , %SIG , $BASETIME, $^T , $PERL_VERSION, $^V , ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}
, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X
Variables related to regular expressions: $<digits> ($1, $2, ...) , $MATCH, $& , ${^MATCH} , $PREMATCH, $` , ${^PREMATCH} , $POSTMATCH, $'
, ${^POSTMATCH} , $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ , $LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N , @LAST_MATCH_END, @+ , %LAST_PAREN_MATCH, %+ , @LAST_MATCH_START, @- , "$`" is the same as "substr($var, 0, $-[0])", $& is the same as "substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])", "$'" is the same as "substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the same as "substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])", $3 is the same as "substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])", %LAST_MATCH_START, %- , $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R , ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS} , ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}
Variables related to filehandles: $ARGV , @ARGV ,
ARGV
,
ARGVOUT
, IO::Handle->output_field_separator(
EXPR
), $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $, ,
HANDLE-
>input_line_number(
EXPR
), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $. , IO::Handle->input_record_separator(
EXPR
), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/ , IO::Handle->output_record_separator(
EXPR
), $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\ ,
HANDLE-
>autoflush(
EXPR
), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| , ${^LAST_FH} , $ACCUMULATOR, $^A , IO::Handle->format_formfeed(
EXPR
), $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L ,
HANDLE-
>format_page_number(
EXPR
), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% ,
HANDLE-
>format_lines_left(
EXPR
), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- , IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters
EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:
,
HANDLE-
>format_lines_per_page(
EXPR
), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $= ,
HANDLE-
>format_top_name(
EXPR
), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ ,
HANDLE-
>format_name(
EXPR
), $FORMAT_NAME, $~
Error Variables: ${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE} , $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E
, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S , $WARNING, $^W , ${^WARNING_BITS} , $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $! , %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO, %! , $CHILD_ERROR, $? , $EVAL_ERROR, $@
Variables related to the interpreter state: $COMPILING, $^C , $DEBUGGING, $^D , ${^ENCODING} , ${^GLOBAL_PHASE} ,
CONSTRUCT, START, CHECK, INIT, RUN, END, DESTRUCT,
$^H , %^H , ${^OPEN} , $PERLDB, $^P , 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, 0x800, 0x1000, ${^TAINT} , ${^UNICODE} , ${^UTF8CACHE} , ${^UTF8LOCALE}
Deprecated and removed variables: $# , $* , $[

perlre - Perl regular expressions

DESCRIPTION

Modifiers: m , s , i , x , p
, a, d, l and u , n , Other Modifiers
Regular Expressions: [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]
Quoting metacharacters
Extended Patterns: "(?#text)" , "(?adlupimnsx-imnsx)", "(?^alupimnsx)" , "(?:pattern)" , "(?adluimnsx-imnsx:pattern)", "(?^aluimnsx:pattern)" , "(?|pattern)" , Look-Around Assertions
, "(?=pattern)"   , "(?!pattern)"   , "(?<=pattern)" "\K"
  , "(?<!pattern)"
  , "(?'NAME'pattern)", "(?<NAME>pattern)"
, "\k<NAME>", "\k'NAME'", "(?{ code })" , "(??{ code })" , "(?PARNO)" "(?-PARNO)" "(?+PARNO)" "(?R)" "(?0)"

, "(?&NAME)" , "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)" , "(?(condition)yes-pattern)", (1) (2) .., (<
NAME
>) ('
NAME
'), (?=...) (?!...) (?<=...) (?<!...), (?{
CODE
}), (R), (R1) (R2) .., (R&NAME), (
DEFINE
), "(?>pattern)" , "(?[ ])"
Special Backtracking Control Verbs: Verbs that take an argument, "(*PRUNE)" "(*PRUNE:NAME)" , "(*SKIP)" "(*SKIP:NAME)" , "(*MARK:NAME)" "(*:NAME)" , "(*THEN)" "(*THEN:NAME)", Verbs without an argument, "(*COMMIT)" , "(*FAIL)" "(*F)" , "(*ACCEPT)"
Backtracking
Version 8 Regular Expressions
Warning on \1 Instead of $1
Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
Combining RE Pieces: "ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?", "S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)", "(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR })", "(?PARNO)", "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)"
Creating Custom RE Engines
Embedded Code Execution Frequency
PCRE/Python Support: "(?P<NAME>pattern)", "(?P=NAME)", "(?P>NAME)"

BUGS

SEE ALSO

perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and Escapes

DESCRIPTION

The backslash: [1]
All the sequences and escapes
Character Escapes: [1], [2]
Modifiers
Character classes
Referencing
Assertions: \A, \z, \Z, \G, \b{}, \b, \B{}, \B, "\b{gcb}" or "\b{g}", "\b{sb}", "\b{wb}"
Misc: \C, \K, \N, \R , \X

perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes

DESCRIPTION

The dot
Backslash sequences: If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise .., If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise .., [1], [2]
Bracketed Character Classes: [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], If the "/a" modifier, is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., "word", "ascii", "blank", if Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise ..

perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference

DESCRIPTION

OPERATORS
SYNTAX
ESCAPE SEQUENCES
CHARACTER CLASSES
ANCHORS
QUANTIFIERS
EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
VARIABLES
FUNCTIONS
TERMINOLOGY

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

THANKS

perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

NOTE

DESCRIPTION

Making References: 1. , 2.
   , 3.

  , 4.       , 5.  , 6. , 7.
Using References
Circular References
Symbolic references
Not-so-symbolic references
Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
Function Templates

WARNING

Postfix Dereference Syntax

Postfix Reference Slicing

Assigning to References

SEE ALSO

perlform - Perl formats

DESCRIPTION

Text Fields
Numeric Fields
The Field @* for Variable-Width Multi-Line Text
The Field ^* for Variable-Width One-line-at-a-time Text
Specifying Values
Using Fill Mode
Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
Repeating Format Lines
Top of Form Processing
Format Variables

NOTES

Footers
Accessing Formatting Internals

WARNINGS

perlobj - Perl object reference

DESCRIPTION

An Object is Simply a Data Structure
A Class is Simply a Package
A Method is Simply a Subroutine
Method Invocation
Inheritance
Writing Constructors
Attributes
An Aside About Smarter and Safer Code
Method Call Variations
Invoking Class Methods
bless, blessed, and ref
The UNIVERSAL Class: isa($class) ,
DOES
($role) , can($method) ,
VERSION
($need)
AUTOLOAD
Destructors
Non-Hash Objects
Inside-Out objects
Pseudo-hashes

SEE ALSO

perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tying Scalars: TIESCALAR
classname,
LIST
,
FETCH
this ,
STORE
this, value ,
UNTIE
this ,
DESTROY
this
Tying Arrays: TIEARRAY
classname,
LIST
,
FETCH
this, index ,
STORE
this, index, value ,
FETCHSIZE
this ,
STORESIZE
this, count ,
EXTEND
this, count ,
EXISTS
this, key ,
DELETE
this, key ,
CLEAR
this ,
PUSH
this,
LIST

,
POP
this ,
SHIFT
this ,
UNSHIFT
this,
LIST
,
SPLICE
this, offset, length,
LIST
,
UNTIE
this ,
DESTROY
this
Tying Hashes: USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH
classname,
LIST
,
FETCH
this, key ,
STORE
this, key, value ,
DELETE
this, key ,
CLEAR
this ,
EXISTS
this, key ,
FIRSTKEY
this ,
NEXTKEY
this, lastkey ,
SCALAR
this ,
UNTIE
this ,
DESTROY
this
Tying FileHandles: TIEHANDLE
classname,
LIST
,
WRITE
this,
LIST
,
PRINT
this,
LIST
,
PRINTF
this,
LIST
,
READ
this,
LIST
,
READLINE
this ,
GETC
this ,
EOF
this ,
CLOSE
this ,
UNTIE
this ,
DESTROY
this
UNTIE this
The untie Gotcha

SEE ALSO

BUGS

AUTHOR

perldbmfilter - Perl
DBM
Filters

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example: the NULL termination problem.
Another Example: Key is a C int.

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

DESCRIPTION

Signals

Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
Deferred Signals (Safe Signals): Long-running opcodes, Interrupting
IO,
Restartable system calls, Signals as ``faults'', Signals triggered by operating system state

Named Pipes

Using open() for IPC

Filehandles
Background Processes
Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
Safe Pipe Opens
Avoiding Pipe Deadlocks
Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
Bidirectional Communication with Yourself

Sockets: Client/Server Communication

Internet Line Terminators
Internet TCP Clients and Servers
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers

TCP Clients with IO::Socket

A Simple Client: "Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"
A Webget Client
Interactive Client with IO::Socket

TCP Servers with IO::Socket

Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

UDP: Message Passing

SysV IPC

NOTES

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes: $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to files, directories and network sockets
Resource limits
Killing the parent process
Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes

CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS

BEGIN

blocks, Open filehandles, Open directory handles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions

PORTABILITY CAVEATS

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Storing numbers
Numeric operators and numeric conversions
Flavors of Perl numeric operations: Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use integer", Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during "use integer", Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a string
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl

DESCRIPTION

What Is A Thread Anyway?

Threaded Program Models

Boss/Worker
Work Crew
Pipeline

What kind of threads are Perl threads?

Thread-Safe Modules

Thread Basics

Basic Thread Support
A Note about the Examples
Creating Threads
Waiting For A Thread To Exit
Ignoring A Thread
Process and Thread Termination

Threads And Data

Shared And Unshared Data
Thread Pitfalls: Races

Synchronization and control

Controlling access: lock()
A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
Queues: Passing Data Around
Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
Basic semaphores
Advanced Semaphores
Waiting for a Condition
Giving up control

General Thread Utility Routines

What Thread Am I In?
Thread IDs
Are These Threads The Same?
What Threads Are Running?

A Complete Example

Different implementations of threads

Performance considerations

Process-scope Changes

Thread-Safety of System Libraries

Conclusion

SEE ALSO

Bibliography

Introductory Texts
OS-Related References
Other References

Acknowledgements

AUTHOR

Copyrights

perlport - Writing portable Perl

DESCRIPTION

Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already is portable

ISSUES

Newlines
Numbers endianness and Width
Files and Filesystems
System Interaction
Command names versus file pathnames
Networking
Interprocess Communication ( IPC )
External Subroutines ( XS )
Standard Modules
Time and Date
Character sets and character encoding
Internationalisation
System Resources
Security
Style

CPAN Testers

PLATFORMS

Unix
DOS and Derivatives
VMS
VOS
EBCDIC Platforms
Acorn RISC OS
Other perls

FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS

Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions: -X, alarm, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, seekdir, sethostent, setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,
glob, gmtime, ioctl
FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
kill, link, localtime, lstat, msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, readlink, rename, rewinddir, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sleep, sockatmark, socketpair, stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, telldir, times, truncate, umask, utime, wait, waitpid

Supported Platforms

Linux (x86,

ARM, IA64

), HP-UX,

AIX,

Win32, Windows 2000, Windows

XP,

Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Cygwin, Solaris (x86,

SPARC

), OpenVMS, Alpha (7.2 and later), I64 (8.2 and later), Symbian, NetBSD, FreeBSD, Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, Haiku, Irix (6.5. What else?), OpenBSD, Dragonfly

BSD,

Midnight

BSD, QNX

Neutrino

RTOS

(6.5.0), MirOS

BSD,

Stratus OpenVOS (17.0 or later), time_t issues that may or may not be fixed, Symbian (Series 60 v3, 3.2 and 5 - what else?), Stratus

VOS /

OpenVOS,

AIX,

Android, FreeMINT

EOL Platforms

(Perl 5.20): AT&T
3b1
(Perl 5.14): Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows
ME,
Windows
NT4
(Perl 5.12): Atari MiNT, Apollo Domain/OS, Apple Mac
OS 8/9,
Tenon Machten

Supported Platforms (Perl 5.8)

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)

DESCRIPTION

WHAT IS A LOCALE

Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric formatting, Category "LC_MONETARY": Formatting of monetary amounts, Category "LC_TIME": Date/Time formatting, Category "LC_MESSAGES": Error and other messages, Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation, Category "LC_CTYPE": Character Types, Other categories

PREPARING TO USE LOCALES

USING LOCALES

The use locale pragma: Not within the scope of "use locale", Lingering effects of "use locale", Under ""use locale";"
The setlocale function
Finding locales
LOCALE PROBLEMS
Testing for broken locales
Temporarily fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
Fixing system locale configuration
The localeconv function
I18N::Langinfo

LOCALE CATEGORIES

Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
LC_TIME
Other categories

SECURITY

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT, PERL_BADLANG, DPKG_RUNNING_VERSION,

"LC_ALL", "LANGUAGE", "LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_MONETARY", "LC_NUMERIC", "LC_TIME", "LANG"

Examples

NOTES

String eval and LC_NUMERIC
Backward compatibility
I18N:Collate obsolete
Sort speed and memory use impacts
Freely available locale definitions
I18n and l10n
An imperfect standard

Unicode and UTF-8

BUGS

Broken systems

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

DESCRIPTION

Unicode
Perl's Unicode Support
Perl's Unicode Model
Unicode and EBCDIC
Creating Unicode
Handling Unicode
Legacy Encodings
Unicode I/O
Displaying Unicode As Text
Special Cases
Advanced Topics
Miscellaneous
Questions With Answers
Hexadecimal Notation
Further Resources

UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS

SEE ALSO

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Important Caveats: Safest if you "use feature 'unicode_strings'", Input and Output Layers, You should convert your non-ASCII, non-UTF-8 Perl scripts to be
UTF-8,
"use utf8" still needed to enable
UTF-8
in scripts, "BOM"-marked scripts and
UTF-16
scripts autodetected
Byte and Character Semantics
ASCII Rules versus Unicode Rules: When the string has been upgraded to
UTF-8,
There are additional methods for regular expression patterns
Extended Grapheme Clusters (Logical characters)
Unicode Character Properties: "\p{All}", "\p{Alnum}", "\p{Any}", "\p{ASCII}", "\p{Assigned}", "\p{Blank}", "\p{Decomposition_Type: Non_Canonical}" (Short: "\p{Dt=NonCanon}"), "\p{Graph}", "\p{HorizSpace}", "\p{In=*}", "\p{PerlSpace}", "\p{PerlWord}", "\p{Posix...}", "\p{Present_In: *}" (Short: "\p{In=*}"), "\p{Print}", "\p{SpacePerl}", "\p{Title}" and "\p{Titlecase}", "\p{Unicode}", "\p{VertSpace}", "\p{Word}", "\p{XPosix...}"
User-Defined Character Properties
User-Defined Case Mappings (for serious hackers only)
Character Encodings for Input and Output
Unicode Regular Expression Support Level: [1] "\N{U+...}" and "\x{...}", [2] "\p{...}" "\P{...}", [3] supports not only minimal list, but all Unicode character properties (see Unicode Character Properties above), [4] "\d" "\D" "\s" "\S" "\w" "\W" "\X" "[:prop:]" "[:^prop:]", [5] The experimental feature starting in v5.18 "(?[...])" accomplishes this, [6] "\b" "\B", [7] Note that Perl does Full case-folding in matching, not Simple:, [8] Perl treats "\n" as the start- and end-line delimiter. Unicode specifies more characters that should be so-interpreted, [9] But "Unicode::LineBreak" is available, [10]
UTF-8/UTF-EBDDIC
used in Perl allows not only "U+10000" to "U+10FFFF" but also beyond "U+10FFFF"
Unicode Encodings
Noncharacter code points
Beyond Unicode code points
Security Implications of Unicode
Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Locales
When Unicode Does Not Happen
The Unicode Bug
Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
Using Unicode in XS
Hacking Perl to work on earlier Unicode versions (for very serious hackers only)
Porting code from perl-5.6.X

BUGS

Interaction with Extensions
Speed

SEE ALSO

perlunicook - cookbookish examples of handling Unicode in Perl

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

X 0: Standard preamble
X 1: Generic Unicode-savvy filter
X 2: Fine-tuning Unicode warnings
X 3: Declare source in utf8 for identifiers and literals
X 4: Characters and their numbers
X 5: Unicode literals by character number
X 6: Get character name by number
X 7: Get character number by name
X 8: Unicode named characters
X 9: Unicode named sequences
X 10: Custom named characters
X 11: Names of CJK codepoints
X 12: Explicit encode/decode
X 13: Decode program arguments as utf8
X 14: Decode program arguments as locale encoding
X 15: Declare STD{ IN,OUT,ERR } to be utf8
X 16: Declare STD{ IN,OUT,ERR } to be in locale encoding
X 17: Make file I/O default to utf8
X 18: Make all I/O and args default to utf8
X 19: Open file with specific encoding
X 20: Unicode casing
X 21: Unicode case-insensitive comparisons
X 22: Match Unicode linebreak sequence in regex
X 23: Get character category
X 24: Disabling Unicode-awareness in builtin charclasses
X 25: Match Unicode properties in regex with \p, \P
X 26: Custom character properties
X 27: Unicode normalization
X 28: Convert non-ASCII Unicode numerics
X 29: Match Unicode grapheme cluster in regex
X 30: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (regex)
X 31: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (substr)
X 32: Reverse string by grapheme
X 33: String length in graphemes
X 34: Unicode column-width for printing
X 35: Unicode collation
X 36: Case- and accent-insensitive Unicode sort
X 37: Unicode locale collation
X 38: Making cmp work on text instead of codepoints
X 39: Case- and accent-insensitive comparisons
X 40: Case- and accent-insensitive locale comparisons
X 41: Unicode linebreaking
X 42: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the tedious way
X 43: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the easy way
X 44: PROGRAM: Demo of Unicode collation and printing

SEE ALSO

X3.13 Default Case Algorithms, page 113; X4.2 Case, pages 120X122; Case Mappings, page 166X172, especially Caseless Matching starting on page 170,

UAX

#44: Unicode Character Database,

UTS

#18: Unicode Regular Expressions,

UAX

#15: Unicode Normalization Forms,

UTS

#10: Unicode Collation Algorithm,

UAX

#29: Unicode Text Segmentation,

UAX

#14: Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm,

UAX

#11: East Asian Width

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE

REVISION HISTORY

perlunifaq - Perl Unicode
FAQ

Q and A

perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
What character encodings does Perl support?
Which version of perl should I use?
What about binary data, like images?
When should I decode or encode?
What if I don't decode?
What if I don't encode?
Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
What if I don't know which encoding was used?
Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII range?
Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary string?
How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR ?
What are decode_utf8 and encode_utf8?
What is a wide character?

INTERNALS

What is the UTF8 flag?
What about the use bytes pragma?
What about the use encoding pragma?
What is the difference between :encoding and :utf8?
What's the difference between UTF-8 and utf8?
I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perluniprops - Index of Unicode Version 7.0.0 character properties in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}

Single form ("\p{name}") tighter rules:, white space adjacent to a non-word character, underscores separating digits in numbers, Compound form ("\p{name=value}" or "\p{name:value}") tighter rules:, Stabilized, Deprecated, Obsolete

Legal \p{} and \P{} constructs that match no characters: \p{Canonical_Combining_Class=Attached_Below_Left}, \p{Canonical_Combining_Class=CCC133}, \p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend}

Properties accessible through Unicode::UCD

Properties accessible through other means

Unicode character properties that are NOT accepted by Perl

Expands_On_NFC (

XO_NFC

), Expands_On_NFD (

XO_NFD

), Expands_On_NFKC (

XO_NFKC

), Expands_On_NFKD (

XO_NFKD

), Grapheme_Link (Gr_Link), Indic_Matra_Category (InMC), Indic_Syllabic_Category (InSC), Jamo_Short_Name (

JSN

), Other_Alphabetic (OAlpha), Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point (

ODI

), Other_Grapheme_Extend (OGr_Ext), Other_ID_Continue (

OIDC

), Other_ID_Start (

OIDS

), Other_Lowercase (OLower), Other_Math (OMath), Other_Uppercase (OUpper), Script=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (sc=Hrkt), Script_Extensions=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (scx=Hrkt)

Other information in the Unicode data base

auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html, auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html, auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LBTest.txt, BidiCharacterTest.txt, BidiTest.txt, NormTest.txt, CJKRadicals.txt, EmojiSources.txt, Index.txt, IndicMatraCategory.txt, IndicSyllabicCategory.txt, NamedSqProv.txt, NamesList.html, NamesList.txt, NormalizationCorrections.txt, Props.txt, ReadMe.txt, StandardizedVariants.html, StandardizedVariants.txt, USourceData.txt, USourceGlyphs.pdf

SEE ALSO

perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial

DESCRIPTION

Definitions
Your new toolkit
I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)

SUMMARY

Q and A (or FAQ )

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on
EBCDIC
platforms

DESCRIPTION

COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS

ASCII
ISO 8859
Latin 1 ( ISO 8859-1 )
EBCDIC: 0037, 1047, POSIX-BC
Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
Unicode and UTF
Using Encode

SINGLE OCTET TABLES

recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6

Table in hex, sorted in 1047 order

IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS

CONVERSIONS

utf8::unicode_to_native() and utf8::native_to_unicode()
tr///
iconv
C RTL

OPERATOR DIFFERENCES

FUNCTION DIFFERENCES

"chr()", "ord()", "pack()", "print()", "printf()", "sort()", "sprintf()", "unpack()"

REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES

SOCKETS

SORTING

Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
Use a sort helper function
MONO CASE then sort data (for non-digits, non-underscore)
Perform sorting on one type of platform only.

TRANSFORMATION FORMATS

URL decoding and encoding
uu encoding and decoding
Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
Caesarean ciphers

Hashing order and checksums

I18N AND L10N

MULTI-OCTET CHARACTER SETS

OS ISSUES

OS/400: PASE, IFS
access
OS/390, z/OS: "sigaction", "chcp", dataset access, "iconv", locales
POSIX-BC?

BUGS

SEE ALSO

REFERENCES

HISTORY

AUTHOR

perlsec - Perl security

DESCRIPTION

SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION

SECURITY MECHANISMS AND CONCERNS

Taint mode
Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
Switches On the #! Line
Taint mode and @INC
Cleaning Up Your Path
Security Bugs
Protecting Your Programs
Unicode
Algorithmic Complexity Attacks: Hash Seed Randomization, Hash Traversal Randomization, Bucket Order Perturbance, New Default Hash Function, Alternative Hash Functions

SEE ALSO

perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

DESCRIPTION

Is this the document you were after?: This doc, perlnewmod, perlmodstyle
Packages
Symbol Tables
BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
Perl Classes
Perl Modules
Making your module threadsafe

SEE ALSO

perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY

Pragmatic Modules: arybase, attributes, autodie, autodie::exception, autodie::exception::system, autodie::hints, autodie::skip, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, deprecate, diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, experimental, feature, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, mro, ok, open, ops, overload, overloading, parent, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings::register
Standard Modules: AnyDBM_File, App::Cpan, App::Prove, App::Prove::State, App::Prove::State::Result, App::Prove::State::Result::Test, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Op_private, B::Showlex, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, "IO::Socket::IP", "Socket",
CORE, CPAN, CPAN::API::HOWTO,
CPAN::Debug, CPAN::Distroprefs, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::HandleConfig, CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Meta, CPAN::Meta::Converter, CPAN::Meta::Feature, CPAN::Meta::History, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4, CPAN::Meta::Merge, CPAN::Meta::Prereqs, CPAN::Meta::Requirements, CPAN::Meta::Spec, CPAN::Meta::Validator, CPAN::Meta::YAML, CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Plugin, CPAN::Plugin::Specfile, CPAN::Queue, CPAN::Tarzip, CPAN::Version, Carp, Class::Struct, Compress::Raw::Bzip2, Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib, Config, Config::Perl::V, Cwd,
DB,
DBM_Filter, DBM_Filter::compress, DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32, DBM_Filter::null, DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils, ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_Darwin, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Miniperl, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities, ExtUtils::Typemaps, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd, ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type, ExtUtils::XSSymSet, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Fetch, File::Find, File::Glob, File::GlobMapper, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, HTTP::Tiny, Hash::Util, Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo,
IO,
IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Bzip2, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::FAQ, IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate, IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress, IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, IPC::SharedMem, IPC::SysV,
JSON::PP,
JSON::PP::Boolean, List::Util, List::Util::XS, Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::Codes::Changes, Locale::Codes::Constants, Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Cookbook, Locale::Maketext::Guts, Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader, Locale::Maketext::Simple, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, Module::CoreList, Module::CoreList::Utils, Module::Load, Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Metadata, NDBM_File,
NEXT,
Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::FTP::dataconn, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode,
POSIX,
Params::Check, Parse::CPAN::Meta, Perl::OSType, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::mmap, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Escapes, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc, Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo, Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO, Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Select, Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug, Pod::Simple::DumpAsText, Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML, Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch, Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF, Pod::Simple::Search, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing, Pod::Simple::Text, Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XHTML, Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Storable, Sub::Util, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Syslog::Win32, TAP::Base, TAP::Formatter::Base, TAP::Formatter::Color, TAP::Formatter::Console, TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession, TAP::Formatter::Console::Session, TAP::Formatter::File, TAP::Formatter::File::Session, TAP::Formatter::Session, TAP::Harness, TAP::Harness::Env, TAP::Object, TAP::Parser, TAP::Parser::Aggregator, TAP::Parser::Grammar, TAP::Parser::Iterator, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream, TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory, TAP::Parser::Multiplexer, TAP::Parser::Result, TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout, TAP::Parser::Result::Comment, TAP::Parser::Result::Plan, TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma, TAP::Parser::Result::Test, TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown, TAP::Parser::Result::Version, TAP::Parser::Result::YAML, TAP::Parser::ResultFactory, TAP::Parser::Scheduler, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner, TAP::Parser::Source, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Builder::IO::Scalar, Test::Builder::Module, Test::Builder::Tester, Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Beyond, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tester, Test::Tester::Capture, Test::Tester::CaptureRunner, Test::Tutorial, Test::use::ok, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdHandle, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::Piece, Time::Seconds, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
UNIVERSAL,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5, Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312, Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin, Unicode::Collate::Locale, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, VMS::DCLsym, VMS::Filespec, VMS::Stdio, Win32, Win32API::File, Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader, autodie::Scope::Guard, autodie::Scope::GuardStack, autodie::ScopeUtil, version::Internals
Extension Modules

CPAN

Africa: South Africa
Asia: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey
Central America: Costa Rica
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom
North America: Bahamas, Canada, Mexico, United States, Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia
RSYNC Mirrors

Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse

Guidelines for Module Creation
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code

NOTE

perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

INTRODUCTION

QUICK CHECKLIST

Before you start
The API
Stability
Documentation
Release considerations

BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE

Has it been done before?
Do one thing and do it well
What's in a name?
Get feedback before publishing

DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE

To OO or not to OO ?
Designing your API: Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing
Strictness and warnings
Backwards compatibility
Error handling and messages

DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE

POD
README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs: perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install

RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS

Version numbering
Pre-requisites
Testing
Packaging
Licensing

COMMON PITFALLS

Reinventing the wheel
Trying to do too much
Inappropriate documentation

SEE ALSO

perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Testing tools, pause.perl.org Any good book on software engineering

AUTHOR

perlmodinstall - Installing
CPAN
Modules

DESCRIPTION

PREAMBLE: DECOMPRESS
the file,
UNPACK
the file into a directory,
BUILD
the module (sometimes unnecessary),
INSTALL
the module

PORTABILITY

HEY

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

DESCRIPTION

Warning
What should I make into a module?
Step-by-step: Preparing the ground: Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
Step-by-step: Making the module: Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write tests, Write the
README
Step-by-step: Distributing your module: Get a
CPAN
user
ID,
"perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist", Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlpragma - how to write a user pragma

DESCRIPTION
A basic example
Key naming
Implementation details

perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

DESCRIPTION

LIST OF UTILITIES

Documentation: perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, "roffitall"
Converters
Administration: libnetcfg, perlivp
Development: perlbug, perlthanks, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, enc2xs, xsubpp, prove, corelist
General tools: piconv, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum, zipdetails
Installation: cpan, instmodsh

SEE ALSO

perlfilter - Source Filters

DESCRIPTION
CONCEPTS
USING FILTERS
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C: Decryption Filters
CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS
THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR: Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle
REQUIREMENTS
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perldtrace - Perl's support for DTrace

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
PROBES: sub-entry(
SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE
), sub-return(
SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE
), phase-change(
NEWPHASE, OLDPHASE
), op-entry(
OPNAME
), loading-file(
FILENAME
), loaded-file(
FILENAME
)
EXAMPLES: Most frequently called functions, Trace function calls, Function calls during interpreter cleanup, System calls at compile time, Perl functions that execute the most opcodes
REFERENCES: DTrace Dynamic Tracing Guide, DTrace: Dynamic Tracing in Oracle Solaris, Mac
OS X
and FreeBSD
SEE ALSO: Devel::DTrace::Provider
AUTHORS

perlglossary - Perl Glossary

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

A: accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias, alphabetic, alternatives, anonymous, application, architecture, argument,
ARGV,
arithmetical operator, array, array context, Artistic License,
ASCII,
assertion, assignment, assignment operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, autovivification,
AV,
awk
B: backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string, bless, block,
BLOCK,
block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast,
BSD,
bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode
C: C, cache, callback, call by reference, call by value, canonical, capture variables, capturing, cargo cult, case, casefolding, casemapping, character, character class, character property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client, closure, cluster,
CODE,
code generator, codepoint, code subpattern, collating sequence, co-maintainer, combining character, command, command buffering, command-line arguments, command name, comment, compilation unit, compile, compile phase, compiler, compile time, composer, concatenation, conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation, core dump,
CPAN, C
preprocessor, cracker, currently selected output channel, current package, current working directory,
CV
D: dangling statement, datagram, data structure, data type,
DBM,
declaration, declarator, decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory handle, discipline, dispatch, distribution, dual-lived, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping
E: eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, encapsulation, endian, en passant, environment, environment variable,
EOF,
errno, error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable file, execute, execute bit, exit status, exploit, export, expression, extension
F: false,
FAQ,
fatal error, feeping creaturism, field,
FIFO,
file, file descriptor, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, file test operator, filter, first-come, flag, floating point, flush,
FMTEYEWTK,
foldcase, fork, formal arguments, format, freely available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character
G: garbage collection,
GID,
glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granularity, grapheme, greedy, grep, group,
GV
H: hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris,
HV
I: identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing, indirect filehandle, indirection, indirect object, indirect object slot, infix, inheritance, instance, instance data, instance method, instance variable, integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O,
IO, I/O
layer,
IPA, IP, IPC,
is-a, iteration, iterator,
IV
J: JAPH
K: key, keyword
L: label, laziness, leftmost longest, left shift, lexeme, lexer, lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library,
LIFO,
line, linebreak, line buffering, line number, link,
LIST,
list, list context, list operator, list value, literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop, loop control statement, loop label, lowercase, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue modifier
M: magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method, method resolution order, minicpan, minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, mojibake, monger, mortal, mro, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance
N: named pipe, namespace, NaN, network address, newline,
NFS,
normalization, null character, null list, null string, numeric context, numification,
NV,
nybble
O: object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating system, operator, operator overloading, options, ordinal, overloading, overriding, owner
P: package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch,
PATH,
pathname, pattern, pattern matching,
PAUSE,
Perl mongers, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pod command, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable, porter, possessive,
POSIX,
postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing, primary maintainer, procedure, process, program, program generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype, pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin, pumpking,
PV
Q: qualified, quantifier
R: race condition, readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational operator, reserved words, return value,
RFC,
right shift, role, root,
RTFM,
run phase, runtime, runtime pattern,
RV,
rvalue
S: sandbox, scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, sigil, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error, standard input, standard I/O, Standard Library, standard output, statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static scoping, static variable, stat structure, status,
STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT,
stream, string, string context, stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser,
SV,
switch, switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbolic debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, symbol table, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree, syscall
T: taint checks, tainted, taint mode,
TCP,
term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie, titlecase,
TMTOWTDI,
token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, topic, transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting, typedef, typed lexical, typeglob, typemap
U: UDP, UID,
umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix, uppercase
V: value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void context, v-string
W: warning, watch expression, weak reference, whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper,
WYSIWYG
X: XS, XSUB
Y: yacc
Z: zero width, zombie

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

DESCRIPTION

PREAMBLE: Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?
ROADMAP
Compiling your C program
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
Maintaining a persistent interpreter
Execution of END blocks
$0 assignments
Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C program
Using embedded Perl with POSIX locales

Hiding Perl_

MORAL

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION

Debugger Internals

Writing Your Own Debugger

Frame Listing Output Examples

Debugging Regular Expressions

Compile-time Output: "anchored"
STRING
"at"
POS
, "floating"
STRING
"at"
POS1..POS2
, "matching floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass"
TYPE
, "noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval", "anchored(TYPE)"
Types of Nodes
Run-time Output

Debugging Perl Memory Usage

Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}: "buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192", "chain: 0", "tail: 6144"

SEE ALSO

perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

DESCRIPTION

SPECIAL NOTES

make
Version caveat
Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
Threads and PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT

TUTORIAL

EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
What has gone on?
Writing good test scripts
EXAMPLE 3
What's new here?
Input and Output Parameters
The XSUBPP Program
The TYPEMAP file
Warning about Output Arguments
EXAMPLE 4
What has happened here?
Anatomy of .xs file
Getting the fat out of XSUBs
More about XSUB arguments
The Argument Stack
Extending your Extension
Documenting your Extension
Installing your Extension
EXAMPLE 5
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 6
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
Troubleshooting these Examples

See also

Author

Last Changed

perlxs -
XS
language reference manual

DESCRIPTION

Introduction
On The Road
The Anatomy of an XSUB
The Argument Stack
The RETVAL Variable
Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
The MODULE Keyword
The PACKAGE Keyword
The PREFIX Keyword
The OUTPUT: Keyword
The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
The CODE: Keyword
The INIT: Keyword
The NO_INIT Keyword
The TYPEMAP: Keyword
Initializing Function Parameters
Default Parameter Values
The PREINIT: Keyword
The SCOPE: Keyword
The INPUT: Keyword
The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
The length(NAME) Keyword
Variable-length Parameter Lists
The C_ARGS: Keyword
The PPCODE: Keyword
Returning Undef And Empty Lists
The REQUIRE: Keyword
The CLEANUP: Keyword
The POSTCALL: Keyword
The BOOT: Keyword
The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
The ALIAS: Keyword
The OVERLOAD: Keyword
The FALLBACK: Keyword
The INTERFACE: Keyword
The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
The INCLUDE: Keyword
The INCLUDE_COMMAND: Keyword
The CASE: Keyword
The EXPORT_XSUB_SYMBOLS: Keyword
The & Unary Operator
Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
Using XS With C ++
Interface Strategy
Perl Objects And C Structures
Safely Storing Static Data in XS: MY_CXT_KEY,
typedef my_cxt_t,
START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT,
dMY_CXT,
MY_CXT,
aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT,
MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP
(my_perl), dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)
Thread-aware system interfaces

EXAMPLES

CAVEATS

Non-locale-aware

code, Locale-aware

code

XS VERSION

AUTHOR

perlxstypemap - Perl
XS
C/Perl type mapping

DESCRIPTION

Anatomy of a typemap
The Role of the typemap File in Your Distribution
Sharing typemaps Between CPAN Distributions
Writing typemap Entries
Full Listing of Core Typemaps: T_SV, T_SVREF, T_SVREF_FIXED, T_AVREF, T_AVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_HVREF, T_HVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_CVREF, T_CVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_SYSRET, T_UV, T_IV, T_INT, T_ENUM, T_BOOL, T_U_INT, T_SHORT, T_U_SHORT, T_LONG, T_U_LONG, T_CHAR, T_U_CHAR, T_FLOAT, T_NV, T_DOUBLE, T_PV, T_PTR, T_PTRREF, T_PTROBJ, T_REF_IV_REF, T_REF_IV_PTR, T_PTRDESC, T_REFREF, T_REFOBJ, T_OPAQUEPTR, T_OPAQUE, Implicit array, T_PACKED, T_PACKEDARRAY, T_DATAUNIT, T_CALLBACK, T_ARRAY, T_STDIO, T_INOUT, T_IN, T_OUT

perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions

DESCRIPTION

Conventions: "t", "p", "n", "s"
File Operations
File Input and Output
File Positioning
Memory Management and String Handling
Character Class Tests
stdlib.h functions
Miscellaneous functions

SEE ALSO

perlguts - Introduction to the Perl
API

DESCRIPTION

Variables

Datatypes
What is an IV ?
Working with SVs
Offsets
What's Really Stored in an SV ?
Working with AVs
Working with HVs
Hash API Extensions
AVs, HVs and undefined values
References
Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables: GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
Reference Counts and Mortality
Stashes and Globs
Double-Typed SVs
Read-Only Values
Copy on Write
Magic Variables
Assigning Magic
Magic Virtual Tables
Finding Magic
Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
Localizing changes: "SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)", "SAVELONG(long i)", SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)", SAVEFREEPV(p), "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)", "SAVESTACK_POS()", "SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV *gv)", "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void save_item(SV *item)", "void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)", "void save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV **hptr)"

Subroutines

XSUBs and the Argument Stack
Autoloading with XSUBs
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Putting a C value on Perl stack
Scratchpads
Scratchpads and recursion

Memory Allocation

Allocation
Reallocation
Moving

PerlIO

Compiled code

Code tree
Examining the tree
Compile pass 1: check routines
Compile pass 1a: constant folding
Compile pass 2: context propagation
Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
Pluggable runops
Compile-time scope hooks: "void bhk_start(pTHX_ int full)", "void bhk_pre_end(pTHX_ OP **o)", "void bhk_post_end(pTHX_ OP **o)", "void bhk_eval(pTHX_ OP *const o)"

Examining internal data structures with the dump functions

How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported

Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
So what happened to dTHR?
How do I use all this in extensions?
Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS

Internal Functions

A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others

Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
Exception Handling
Source Documentation
Backwards compatibility

Unicode Support

What is Unicode, anyway?
How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
How do I convert a string to UTF-8 ?
How do I compare strings?
Is there anything else I need to know?

Custom Operators

xop_name, xop_desc, xop_class,

OA_BASEOP, OA_UNOP, OA_BINOP, OA_LOGOP, OA_LISTOP, OA_PMOP, OA_SVOP, OA_PADOP, OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP, OA_LOOP, OA_COP,

xop_peep

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

DESCRIPTION

An Error Handler, An Event-Driven Program

THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS

call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

FLAG VALUES

G_VOID
G_SCALAR
G_ARRAY
G_DISCARD
G_NOARGS
G_EVAL
G_KEEPERR
Determining the Context

EXAMPLES

No Parameters, Nothing Returned
Passing Parameters
Returning a Scalar
Returning a List of Values
Returning a List in a Scalar Context
Returning Data from Perl via the Parameter List
Using G_EVAL
Using G_KEEPERR
Using call_sv
Using call_argv
Using call_method
Using GIMME_V
Using Perl to Dispose of Temporaries
Strategies for Storing Callback Context Information: 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback
Alternate Stack Manipulation
Creating and Calling an Anonymous Subroutine in C

LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

DATE

perlmroapi - Perl method resolution plugin interface

DESCRIPTION: resolve, name, length, kflags, hash
Callbacks
Caching
Examples
AUTHORS

perlreapi - Perl regular expression plugin interface

DESCRIPTION

Callbacks

comp: "/m" - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, "/s" - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, "/i" - RXf_PMf_FOLD, "/x" - RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, "/p" - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY, Character set, RXf_SPLIT, RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY, RXf_WHITE, RXf_NULL, RXf_NO_INPLACE_SUBST
exec: rx, sv, strbeg, strend, stringarg, minend, data, flags
intuit
checkstr
free
Numbered capture callbacks
Named capture callbacks
qr_package
dupe
op_comp

The REGEXP structure

engine
mother_re
extflags
minlen minlenret
gofs
substrs
nparens, lastparen, and lastcloseparen
intflags
pprivate
swap
offs
precomp prelen
paren_names
substrs
subbeg sublen saved_copy suboffset subcoffset
wrapped wraplen
seen_evals
refcnt

HISTORY

AUTHORS

LICENSE

perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW

A quick note on terms
What is a regular expression engine?
Structure of a Regexp Program: "regnode_1", "regnode_2", "regnode_string", "regnode_charclass", "regnode_charclass_posixl"

Process Overview

A. Compilation, 1. Parsing for size, 2. Parsing for construction, 3. Peep-hole optimisation and analysis, B. Execution, 4. Start position and no-match optimisations, 5. Program execution

Compilation: anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and maximum length requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line positions
Execution

MISCELLANEOUS

Unicode and Localisation Support
Base Structures: "offsets", "regstclass", "data", "program"

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

LICENCE

REFERENCES

perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public
API

DESCRIPTION
Gimme Values: GIMME
,
GIMME_V
, G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS , G_SCALAR , G_VOID
Array Manipulation Functions: AvFILL , av_clear , av_create_and_push , av_create_and_unshift_one , av_delete , av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch , av_fill , av_len , av_make , av_pop , av_push , av_shift , av_store , av_tindex , av_top_index , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av , newAV , sortsv , sortsv_flags
xsubpp variables and internal functions: ax ,
CLASS
, dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dUNDERBAR , dXSARGS , dXSI32 , items , ix ,
RETVAL
,
ST
,
THIS
,
UNDERBAR
,
XS
,
XS_EXTERNAL
,
XS_INTERNAL
Callback Functions: call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv ,
ENTER
, eval_pv , eval_sv ,
FREETMPS
,
LEAVE
,
SAVETMPS
Character case changing: toFOLD , toFOLD_uni , toFOLD_utf8 , toLOWER , toLOWER_L1 , toLOWER_LC , toLOWER_uni , toLOWER_utf8 , toTITLE , toTITLE_uni , toTITLE_utf8 , toUPPER , toUPPER_uni , toUPPER_utf8
Character classification: isALPHA , isALPHANUMERIC , isASCII , isBLANK , isCNTRL , isDIGIT , isGRAPH , isIDCONT , isIDFIRST , isLOWER , isOCTAL , isPRINT , isPSXSPC , isPUNCT , isSPACE , isUPPER , isWORDCHAR , isXDIGIT
Cloning an interpreter: perl_clone
Compile-time scope hooks: BhkDISABLE , BhkENABLE , BhkENTRY_set , blockhook_register
COP Hint Hashes: cophh_2hv , cophh_copy , cophh_delete_pv , cophh_delete_pvn , cophh_delete_pvs , cophh_delete_sv , cophh_fetch_pv , cophh_fetch_pvn , cophh_fetch_pvs , cophh_fetch_sv , cophh_free , cophh_new_empty , cophh_store_pv , cophh_store_pvn , cophh_store_pvs , cophh_store_sv
COP Hint Reading: cop_hints_2hv , cop_hints_fetch_pv , cop_hints_fetch_pvn , cop_hints_fetch_pvs , cop_hints_fetch_sv
Custom Operators: custom_op_register , custom_op_xop , XopDISABLE , XopENABLE , XopENTRY , XopENTRYCUSTOM , XopENTRY_set , XopFLAGS
CV Manipulation Functions: caller_cx , CvSTASH , find_runcv , get_cv , get_cvn_flags
Debugging Utilities: dump_all , dump_packsubs , op_dump , sv_dump
Display and Dump functions: pv_display , pv_escape , pv_pretty
Embedding Functions: cv_clone , cv_name , cv_undef , find_rundefsv , find_rundefsvoffset , intro_my , load_module , newPADNAMELIST , newPADNAMEouter , newPADNAMEpvn , nothreadhook , padnamelist_fetch , padnamelist_store , pad_add_anon , pad_add_name_pv , pad_add_name_pvn , pad_add_name_sv , pad_alloc , pad_findmy_pv , pad_findmy_pvn , pad_findmy_sv , pad_setsv , pad_sv , pad_tidy , perl_alloc , perl_construct , perl_destruct , perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv
Exception Handling (simple) Macros: dXCPT ,
XCPT_CATCH
,
XCPT_RETHROW
,
XCPT_TRY_END
,
XCPT_TRY_START
Global Variables: PL_check , PL_keyword_plugin
GV Functions: GvAV , GvCV , GvHV , GvSV , gv_const_sv , gv_fetchmeth , gv_fetchmethod_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_pv , gv_fetchmeth_pvn , gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_sv , gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload , gv_init , gv_init_pv , gv_init_pvn , gv_init_sv , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashpvs , gv_stashsv , setdefout
Handy Values: Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv
Hash Manipulation Functions: cop_fetch_label , cop_store_label , get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH , HeKEY , HeKLEN , HePV , HeSVKEY , HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set , HeUTF8 , HeVAL , HvENAME , HvENAMELEN , HvENAMEUTF8 , HvNAME , HvNAMELEN , HvNAMEUTF8 , hv_assert , hv_clear , hv_clear_placeholders , hv_copy_hints_hv , hv_delete , hv_delete_ent , hv_exists , hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetchs , hv_fetch_ent , hv_fill , hv_iterinit , hv_iterkey , hv_iterkeysv , hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags , hv_iterval , hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_stores , hv_store_ent , hv_undef , newHV
Hook manipulation: wrap_op_checker
Lexer interface: lex_bufutf8 , lex_discard_to , lex_grow_linestr , lex_next_chunk , lex_peek_unichar , lex_read_space , lex_read_to , lex_read_unichar , lex_start , lex_stuff_pv , lex_stuff_pvn , lex_stuff_pvs , lex_stuff_sv , lex_unstuff , parse_arithexpr , parse_barestmt , parse_block , parse_fullexpr , parse_fullstmt , parse_label , parse_listexpr , parse_stmtseq , parse_termexpr , PL_parser , PL_parser->bufend , PL_parser->bufptr , PL_parser->linestart , PL_parser->linestr
Locale-related functions and macros: DECLARATION_FOR_LC_NUMERIC_MANIPULATION
,
RESTORE_LC_NUMERIC
,
STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING
,
STORE_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED
, sync_locale
Magical Functions: mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_findext , mg_free , mg_free_type , mg_get , mg_length , mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK , SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMagicSV , SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV , SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE , SvUNLOCK
Memory Management: Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison , PoisonFree , PoisonNew , PoisonWith , Renew , Renewc , Safefree , savepv , savepvn , savepvs , savesharedpv , savesharedpvn , savesharedpvs , savesharedsvpv , savesvpv , StructCopy , Zero , ZeroD
Miscellaneous Functions: dump_c_backtrace , fbm_compile , fbm_instr , foldEQ , foldEQ_locale , form , getcwd_sv , get_c_backtrace_dump , ibcmp , ibcmp_locale , is_safe_syscall , memEQ , memNE , mess , mess_sv , my_snprintf , my_sprintf , my_strlcat , my_strlcpy , my_vsnprintf ,
PERL_SYS_INIT
,
PERL_SYS_INIT3
,
PERL_SYS_TERM
, quadmath_format_needed , quadmath_format_single ,
READ_XDIGIT
, strEQ , strGE , strGT , strLE , strLT , strNE , strnEQ , strnNE , sv_destroyable , sv_nosharing , vmess
MRO Functions: mro_get_linear_isa , mro_method_changed_in , mro_register
Multicall Functions: dMULTICALL ,
MULTICALL
,
POP_MULTICALL
,
PUSH_MULTICALL
Numeric functions: grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_infnan , grok_number , grok_number_flags , grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct , isinfnan , Perl_signbit , scan_bin , scan_hex , scan_oct
Obsolete backwards compatibility functions: custom_op_desc , custom_op_name , gv_fetchmethod , is_utf8_char , is_utf8_char_buf , pack_cat , pad_compname_type , sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_nolen , sv_catpvn_mg , sv_catsv_mg , sv_force_normal , sv_iv , sv_nolocking , sv_nounlocking , sv_nv , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten , sv_pvn , sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_taint , sv_unref , sv_usepvn , sv_usepvn_mg , sv_uv , unpack_str , utf8_to_uvchr , utf8_to_uvuni
Optree construction: newASSIGNOP , newBINOP , newCONDOP , newDEFSVOP , newFOROP , newGIVENOP , newGVOP , newLISTOP , newLOGOP , newLOOPEX , newLOOPOP , newMETHOP , newMETHOP_named , newNULLLIST , newOP , newPADOP , newPMOP , newPVOP , newRANGE , newSLICEOP , newSTATEOP , newSVOP , newUNOP , newUNOP_AUX , newWHENOP , newWHILEOP
Optree Manipulation Functions: alloccopstash , block_end , block_start , ck_entersub_args_list , ck_entersub_args_proto , ck_entersub_args_proto_or_list , cv_const_sv , cv_get_call_checker , cv_set_call_checker , cv_set_call_checker_flags ,
LINKLIST
, newCONSTSUB , newCONSTSUB_flags , newXS , OpHAS_SIBLING , OpLASTSIB_set , OpMAYBESIB_set , OpMORESIB_set , OpSIBLING , op_append_elem , op_append_list ,
OP_CLASS
, op_contextualize , op_convert_list ,
OP_DESC
, op_free , op_linklist , op_lvalue ,
OP_NAME
, op_null , op_parent , op_prepend_elem , op_scope , op_sibling_splice ,
OP_TYPE_IS
,
OP_TYPE_IS_OR_WAS
, rv2cv_op_cv
Pack and Unpack: packlist , unpackstring
Pad Data Structures: CvPADLIST , PadARRAY , PadlistARRAY , PadlistMAX , PadlistNAMES , PadlistNAMESARRAY , PadlistNAMESMAX , PadlistREFCNT , PadMAX , PadnameLEN , PadnamelistARRAY , PadnamelistMAX , PadnamelistREFCNT , PadnamelistREFCNT_dec , PadnamePV , PadnameREFCNT , PadnameREFCNT_dec , PadnameSV , PadnameUTF8 , pad_add_name_pvs , pad_findmy_pvs , pad_new , PL_comppad , PL_comppad_name , PL_curpad
Per-Interpreter Variables: PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_opfreehook , PL_peepp , PL_rpeepp , PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef , PL_sv_yes
REGEXP Functions: SvRX , SvRXOK
Stack Manipulation Macros: dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP ,
EXTEND
,
MARK
, mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp , mPUSHs , mPUSHu , mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHs , mXPUSHu ,
ORIGMARK
, POPi , POPl , POPn , POPp , POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs , PUSHi ,
PUSHMARK
, PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs , PUSHu ,
PUTBACK
,
SP
,
SPAGAIN
, XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp , XPUSHs , XPUSHu ,
XSRETURN
,
XSRETURN_EMPTY
,
XSRETURN_IV
,
XSRETURN_NO
,
XSRETURN_NV
,
XSRETURN_PV
,
XSRETURN_UNDEF
,
XSRETURN_UV
,
XSRETURN_YES
, XST_mIV , XST_mNO , XST_mNV , XST_mPV , XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES
SV Flags: svtype , SVt_INVLIST , SVt_IV , SVt_NULL , SVt_NV , SVt_PV , SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV , SVt_PVFM , SVt_PVGV , SVt_PVHV , SVt_PVIO , SVt_PVIV , SVt_PVLV , SVt_PVMG , SVt_PVNV , SVt_REGEXP
SV Manipulation Functions: boolSV , croak_xs_usage , get_sv , newRV_inc , newSVpadname , newSVpvn_utf8 , SvCUR , SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGAMAGIC , SvGROW , SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV , SvIOK_off , SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only , SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV , SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash , SvIV , SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_nomg , SvIV_set , SvLEN , SvLEN_set , SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK , SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off , SvNOK , SvNOKp , SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV , SvNVX , SvNVx , SvNV_nomg , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvOOK_offset , SvPOK , SvPOKp , SvPOK_off , SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV , SvPVbyte , SvPVbytex , SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force , SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8 , SvPVutf8x , SvPVutf8x_force , SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen , SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force , SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen , SvPV_nomg , SvPV_nomg_nolen , SvPV_set , SvREFCNT , SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_dec_NN , SvREFCNT_inc , SvREFCNT_inc_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_void , SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN , SvROK , SvROK_off , SvROK_on , SvRV , SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set , SvTAINT , SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on , SvTRUE , SvTRUE_nomg , SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on , SvUV , SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_nomg , SvUV_set , SvVOK , sv_catpvn_nomg , sv_catpv_nomg , sv_catsv_nomg , sv_derived_from , sv_derived_from_pv , sv_derived_from_pvn , sv_derived_from_sv , sv_does , sv_does_pv , sv_does_pvn , sv_does_sv , sv_report_used , sv_setsv_nomg , sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg
SV-Body Allocation: looks_like_number , newRV_noinc , newSV , newSVhek , newSViv , newSVnv , newSVpv , newSVpvf , newSVpvn , newSVpvn_flags , newSVpvn_share , newSVpvs , newSVpvs_flags , newSVpvs_share , newSVpv_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , newSV_type , sv_2bool , sv_2bool_flags , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv_flags , sv_2mortal , sv_2nv_flags , sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvutf8 , sv_2pv_flags , sv_2uv_flags , sv_backoff , sv_bless , sv_catpv , sv_catpvf , sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn , sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvs , sv_catpvs_flags , sv_catpvs_mg , sv_catpvs_nomg , sv_catpv_flags , sv_catpv_mg , sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_chop , sv_clear , sv_cmp , sv_cmp_flags , sv_cmp_locale , sv_cmp_locale_flags , sv_collxfrm , sv_collxfrm_flags , sv_copypv_flags , sv_copypv_nomg , sv_dec , sv_dec_nomg , sv_eq , sv_eq_flags , sv_force_normal_flags , sv_free , sv_gets , sv_get_backrefs , sv_grow , sv_inc , sv_inc_nomg , sv_insert , sv_insert_flags , sv_isa , sv_isobject , sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic , sv_magicext , sv_mortalcopy , sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_b2u_flags , sv_pos_u2b , sv_pos_u2b_flags , sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn_force , sv_pvn_force_flags , sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace , sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv , sv_setiv_mg , sv_setnv , sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg , sv_setpviv , sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpvs , sv_setpvs_mg , sv_setpv_mg , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv , sv_setref_pvn , sv_setref_pvs , sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv , sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg , sv_setuv , sv_setuv_mg , sv_tainted , sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unmagicext , sv_unref_flags , sv_untaint , sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn_flags , sv_utf8_decode , sv_utf8_downgrade , sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow , sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcatpvfn_flags , sv_vcatpvf_mg , sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg
Unicode Support: bytes_cmp_utf8 , bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 ,
DO_UTF8
, foldEQ_utf8 , isUTF8_CHAR , is_ascii_string , is_invariant_string , is_utf8_string , is_utf8_string_loc , is_utf8_string_loclen , pv_uni_display , sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 , sv_uni_display , to_utf8_case , to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title , to_utf8_upper , utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni ,
UTF8SKIP
, utf8_distance , utf8_hop , utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr_buf , utf8_to_uvuni_buf ,
UVCHR_SKIP
, uvchr_to_utf8 , uvchr_to_utf8_flags , uvoffuni_to_utf8_flags , uvuni_to_utf8_flags
Variables created by xsubpp and xsubpp internal functions: newXSproto ,
XS_APIVERSION_BOOTCHECK
,
XS_VERSION
,
XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
Versioning: new_version , prescan_version , scan_version , upg_version , vcmp , vnormal , vnumify , vstringify , vverify
Warning and Dieing: croak , croak_no_modify , croak_sv , die , die_sv , vcroak , vwarn , warn , warn_sv
Undocumented functions: GetVars , Gv_AMupdate , PerlIO_clearerr , PerlIO_close , PerlIO_context_layers , PerlIO_eof , PerlIO_error , PerlIO_fileno , PerlIO_fill , PerlIO_flush , PerlIO_get_base , PerlIO_get_bufsiz , PerlIO_get_cnt , PerlIO_get_ptr , PerlIO_read , PerlIO_seek , PerlIO_set_cnt , PerlIO_set_ptrcnt , PerlIO_setlinebuf , PerlIO_stderr , PerlIO_stdin , PerlIO_stdout , PerlIO_tell , PerlIO_unread , PerlIO_write , amagic_call , amagic_deref_call , any_dup , atfork_lock , atfork_unlock , av_arylen_p , av_iter_p , block_gimme , call_atexit , call_list , calloc , cast_i32 , cast_iv , cast_ulong , cast_uv , ck_warner , ck_warner_d , ckwarn , ckwarn_d , clone_params_del , clone_params_new , croak_memory_wrap , croak_nocontext , csighandler , cx_dump , cx_dup , cxinc , deb , deb_nocontext , debop , debprofdump , debstack , debstackptrs , delimcpy , despatch_signals , die_nocontext , dirp_dup , do_aspawn , do_binmode , do_close , do_gv_dump , do_gvgv_dump , do_hv_dump , do_join , do_magic_dump , do_op_dump , do_open , do_open9 , do_openn , do_pmop_dump , do_spawn , do_spawn_nowait , do_sprintf , do_sv_dump , doing_taint , doref , dounwind , dowantarray , dump_eval , dump_form , dump_indent , dump_mstats , dump_sub , dump_vindent , filter_add , filter_del , filter_read , foldEQ_latin1 , form_nocontext , fp_dup , fprintf_nocontext , free_global_struct , free_tmps , get_context , get_mstats , get_op_descs , get_op_names , get_ppaddr , get_vtbl , gp_dup , gp_free , gp_ref , gv_AVadd , gv_HVadd , gv_IOadd , gv_SVadd , gv_add_by_type , gv_autoload4 , gv_autoload_pv , gv_autoload_pvn , gv_autoload_sv , gv_check , gv_dump , gv_efullname , gv_efullname3 , gv_efullname4 , gv_fetchfile , gv_fetchfile_flags , gv_fetchpv , gv_fetchpvn_flags , gv_fetchsv , gv_fullname , gv_fullname3 , gv_fullname4 , gv_handler , gv_name_set , he_dup , hek_dup , hv_common , hv_common_key_len , hv_delayfree_ent , hv_eiter_p , hv_eiter_set , hv_free_ent , hv_ksplit , hv_name_set , hv_placeholders_get , hv_placeholders_set , hv_rand_set , hv_riter_p , hv_riter_set , ibcmp_utf8 , init_global_struct , init_stacks , init_tm , instr , is_lvalue_sub , leave_scope , load_module_nocontext , magic_dump , malloc , markstack_grow , mess_nocontext , mfree , mg_dup , mg_size , mini_mktime , moreswitches , mro_get_from_name , mro_get_private_data , mro_set_mro , mro_set_private_data , my_atof , my_atof2 , my_bcopy , my_bzero , my_chsize , my_cxt_index , my_cxt_init , my_dirfd , my_exit , my_failure_exit , my_fflush_all , my_fork , my_lstat , my_memcmp , my_memset , my_pclose , my_popen , my_popen_list , my_setenv , my_socketpair , my_stat , my_strftime , newANONATTRSUB , newANONHASH , newANONLIST , newANONSUB , newATTRSUB , newAVREF , newCVREF , newFORM , newGVREF , newGVgen , newGVgen_flags , newHVREF , newHVhv , newIO , newMYSUB , newPROG , newRV , newSUB , newSVREF , newSVpvf_nocontext , new_stackinfo , ninstr , op_refcnt_lock , op_refcnt_unlock , parser_dup , perl_alloc_using , perl_clone_using , pmop_dump , pop_scope , pregcomp , pregexec , pregfree , pregfree2 , printf_nocontext , ptr_table_fetch , ptr_table_free , ptr_table_new , ptr_table_split , ptr_table_store , push_scope , re_compile , re_dup_guts , re_intuit_start , re_intuit_string , realloc , reentrant_free , reentrant_init , reentrant_retry , reentrant_size , ref , reg_named_buff_all , reg_named_buff_exists , reg_named_buff_fetch , reg_named_buff_firstkey , reg_named_buff_nextkey , reg_named_buff_scalar , regclass_swash , regdump , regdupe_internal , regexec_flags , regfree_internal , reginitcolors , regnext , repeatcpy , rninstr , rsignal , rsignal_state , runops_debug , runops_standard , rvpv_dup , safesyscalloc , safesysfree , safesysmalloc , safesysrealloc , save_I16 , save_I32 , save_I8 , save_adelete , save_aelem , save_aelem_flags , save_alloc , save_aptr , save_ary , save_bool , save_clearsv , save_delete , save_destructor , save_destructor_x , save_freeop , save_freepv , save_freesv , save_generic_pvref , save_generic_svref , save_gp , save_hash , save_hdelete , save_helem , save_helem_flags , save_hints , save_hptr , save_int , save_item , save_iv , save_list , save_long , save_mortalizesv , save_nogv , save_op , save_padsv_and_mortalize , save_pptr , save_pushi32ptr , save_pushptr , save_pushptrptr , save_re_context , save_scalar , save_set_svflags , save_shared_pvref , save_sptr , save_svref , save_vptr , savestack_grow , savestack_grow_cnt , scan_num , scan_vstring , seed , set_context , set_numeric_local , set_numeric_radix , set_numeric_standard , share_hek , si_dup , ss_dup , stack_grow , start_subparse , str_to_version , sv_2iv , sv_2pv , sv_2uv , sv_catpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_catpvf_nocontext , sv_dup , sv_dup_inc , sv_peek , sv_pvn_nomg , sv_setpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_setpvf_nocontext , swash_fetch , swash_init , sys_init , sys_init3 , sys_intern_clear , sys_intern_dup , sys_intern_init , sys_term , taint_env , taint_proper , unlnk , unsharepvn , utf16_to_utf8 , utf16_to_utf8_reversed , uvuni_to_utf8 , vdeb , vform , vload_module , vnewSVpvf , vwarner , warn_nocontext , warner , warner_nocontext , whichsig , whichsig_pv , whichsig_pvn , whichsig_sv
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions

DESCRIPTION
Compile-time scope hooks: BhkENTRY , BhkFLAGS ,
CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS
Custom Operators: core_prototype
CV Manipulation Functions: docatch
CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE: CvWEAKOUTSIDE
Embedding Functions: cv_dump , cv_forget_slab , do_dump_pad , padlist_dup , padnamelist_dup , padname_dup , pad_alloc_name , pad_block_start , pad_check_dup , pad_findlex , pad_fixup_inner_anons , pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_push , pad_reset , pad_swipe
GV Functions: gv_try_downgrade
Hash Manipulation Functions: hv_ename_add , hv_ename_delete , refcounted_he_chain_2hv , refcounted_he_fetch_pv , refcounted_he_fetch_pvn , refcounted_he_fetch_pvs , refcounted_he_fetch_sv , refcounted_he_free , refcounted_he_inc , refcounted_he_new_pv , refcounted_he_new_pvn , refcounted_he_new_pvs , refcounted_he_new_sv
IO Functions: start_glob
Lexer interface: validate_proto
Magical Functions: magic_clearhint , magic_clearhints , magic_methcall , magic_sethint , mg_localize
Miscellaneous Functions: free_c_backtrace , get_c_backtrace
MRO Functions: mro_get_linear_isa_dfs , mro_isa_changed_in , mro_package_moved
Optree Manipulation Functions: finalize_optree
Pad Data Structures: CX_CURPAD_SAVE
,
CX_CURPAD_SV
, PadnameIsOUR , PadnameIsSTATE , PadnameOURSTASH , PadnameOUTER , PadnameTYPE ,
PAD_BASE_SV
,
PAD_CLONE_VARS
,
PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS
,
PAD_COMPNAME_GEN
, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set ,
PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH
,
PAD_COMPNAME_PV
,
PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE
,
PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL
,
PAD_SAVE_LOCAL
,
PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD
,
PAD_SETSV
,
PAD_SET_CUR
,
PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE
,
PAD_SV
, PAD_SVl ,
SAVECLEARSV
,
SAVECOMPPAD
,
SAVEPADSV
Per-Interpreter Variables: PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv , PL_ofsgv , PL_rs
Stack Manipulation Macros: djSP ,
LVRET
SV Manipulation Functions: SvTHINKFIRST , sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs , sv_free_arenas
SV-Body Allocation: sv_2num , sv_copypv , sv_ref
Unicode Support: find_uninit_var , report_uninit
Undocumented functions: PerlIO_restore_errno , PerlIO_save_errno , Slab_Alloc , Slab_Free , Slab_to_ro , Slab_to_rw , _add_range_to_invlist , _core_swash_init , _get_encoding , _get_swash_invlist , _invlist_array_init , _invlist_contains_cp , _invlist_contents , _invlist_dump , _invlist_intersection , _invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd , _invlist_invert , _invlist_len , _invlist_populate_swatch , _invlist_search , _invlist_subtract , _invlist_union , _invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd , _load_PL_utf8_foldclosures , _new_invlist , _setup_canned_invlist , _swash_inversion_hash , _swash_to_invlist , _to_fold_latin1 , _to_upper_title_latin1 , _warn_problematic_locale , aassign_common_vars , add_cp_to_invlist , alloc_maybe_populate_EXACT , allocmy , amagic_is_enabled , apply , av_extend_guts , av_reify , bind_match , boot_core_PerlIO , boot_core_UNIVERSAL , boot_core_mro , cando , check_utf8_print , ck_anoncode , ck_backtick , ck_bitop , ck_cmp , ck_concat , ck_defined , ck_delete , ck_each , ck_entersub_args_core , ck_eof , ck_eval , ck_exec , ck_exists , ck_ftst , ck_fun , ck_glob , ck_grep , ck_index , ck_join , ck_length , ck_lfun , ck_listiob , ck_match , ck_method , ck_null , ck_open , ck_prototype , ck_readline , ck_refassign , ck_repeat , ck_require , ck_return , ck_rfun , ck_rvconst , ck_sassign , ck_select , ck_shift , ck_smartmatch , ck_sort , ck_spair , ck_split , ck_stringify , ck_subr , ck_substr , ck_svconst , ck_tell , ck_trunc , closest_cop , compute_EXACTish , coresub_op , create_eval_scope , croak_no_mem , croak_popstack , current_re_engine , custom_op_get_field , cv_ckproto_len_flags , cv_clone_into , cv_const_sv_or_av , cv_undef_flags , cvgv_from_hek , cvgv_set , cvstash_set , deb_stack_all , defelem_target , delete_eval_scope , die_unwind , do_aexec , do_aexec5 , do_eof , do_exec , do_exec3 , do_execfree , do_ipcctl , do_ipcget , do_msgrcv , do_msgsnd , do_ncmp , do_open6 , do_open_raw , do_print , do_readline , do_seek , do_semop , do_shmio , do_sysseek , do_tell , do_trans , do_vecget , do_vecset , do_vop , dofile , drand48_init_r , drand48_r , dump_all_perl , dump_packsubs_perl , dump_sub_perl , dump_sv_child , emulate_cop_io , feature_is_enabled , find_lexical_cv , find_runcv_where , find_rundefsv2 , find_script , free_tied_hv_pool , get_and_check_backslash_N_name , get_db_sub , get_debug_opts , get_hash_seed , get_invlist_iter_addr , get_invlist_offset_addr , get_invlist_previous_index_addr , get_no_modify , get_opargs , get_re_arg , getenv_len , grok_atoUV , grok_bslash_x , gv_fetchmeth_internal , gv_override , gv_setref , gv_stashpvn_internal , gv_stashsvpvn_cached , hfree_next_entry , hv_backreferences_p , hv_kill_backrefs , hv_placeholders_p , hv_undef_flags , init_argv_symbols , init_constants , init_dbargs , init_debugger , invert , invlist_array , invlist_clone , invlist_highest , invlist_is_iterating , invlist_iterfinish , invlist_iterinit , invlist_max , invlist_previous_index , invlist_set_len , invlist_set_previous_index , invlist_trim , io_close , is_utf8_common , isinfnansv , jmaybe , keyword , keyword_plugin_standard , list , localize , magic_clear_all_env , magic_cleararylen_p , magic_clearenv , magic_clearisa , magic_clearpack , magic_clearsig , magic_copycallchecker , magic_existspack , magic_freearylen_p , magic_freeovrld , magic_get , magic_getarylen , magic_getdebugvar , magic_getdefelem , magic_getnkeys , magic_getpack , magic_getpos , magic_getsig , magic_getsubstr , magic_gettaint , magic_getuvar , magic_getvec , magic_killbackrefs , magic_nextpack , magic_regdata_cnt , magic_regdatum_get , magic_regdatum_set , magic_scalarpack , magic_set , magic_set_all_env , magic_setarylen , magic_setcollxfrm , magic_setdbline , magic_setdebugvar , magic_setdefelem , magic_setenv , magic_setisa , magic_setlvref , magic_setmglob , magic_setnkeys , magic_setpack , magic_setpos , magic_setregexp , magic_setsig , magic_setsubstr , magic_settaint , magic_setutf8 , magic_setuvar , magic_setvec , magic_sizepack , magic_wipepack , malloc_good_size , malloced_size , mem_collxfrm , mg_find_mglob , mode_from_discipline , more_bodies , mro_meta_dup , mro_meta_init , multideref_stringify , my_attrs , my_clearenv , my_lstat_flags , my_stat_flags , my_unexec , newATTRSUB_x , newGP , newMETHOP_internal , newSTUB , newSVavdefelem , newXS_deffile , newXS_len_flags , new_warnings_bitfield , nextargv , noperl_die , oopsAV , oopsHV , op_clear , op_integerize , op_lvalue_flags , op_refcnt_dec , op_refcnt_inc , op_relocate_sv , op_std_init , op_unscope , opmethod_stash , opslab_force_free , opslab_free , opslab_free_nopad , package , package_version , pad_add_weakref , padlist_store , padname_free , padnamelist_free , parse_subsignature , parse_unicode_opts , parser_free , parser_free_nexttoke_ops , path_is_searchable , peep , pmruntime , populate_isa , ptr_hash , qerror , re_op_compile , reg_named_buff , reg_named_buff_iter , reg_numbered_buff_fetch , reg_numbered_buff_length , reg_numbered_buff_store , reg_qr_package , reg_skipcomment , reg_temp_copy , regcurly , regpposixcc , regprop , report_evil_fh , report_redefined_cv , report_wrongway_fh , rpeep , rsignal_restore , rsignal_save , rxres_save , same_dirent , save_aliased_sv , save_strlen , sawparens , scalar , scalarvoid , set_caret_X , set_padlist , should_warn_nl , sighandler , softref2xv , ssc_add_range , ssc_clear_locale , ssc_cp_and , ssc_intersection , ssc_union , sub_crush_depth , sv_add_backref , sv_buf_to_ro , sv_del_backref , sv_free2 , sv_kill_backrefs , sv_len_utf8_nomg , sv_magicext_mglob , sv_mortalcopy_flags , sv_only_taint_gmagic , sv_or_pv_pos_u2b , sv_resetpvn , sv_sethek , sv_setsv_cow , sv_unglob , tied_method , tmps_grow_p , translate_substr_offsets , try_amagic_bin , try_amagic_un , unshare_hek , utilize , varname , vivify_defelem , vivify_ref , wait4pid , was_lvalue_sub , watch , win32_croak_not_implemented , write_to_stderr , xs_boot_epilog , xs_handshake , yyerror , yyerror_pv , yyerror_pvn , yylex , yyparse , yyunlex
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perliol - C
API
for Perl's implementation of
IO
in Layers.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

History and Background
Basic Structure
Layers vs Disciplines
Data Structures
Functions and Attributes
Per-instance Data
Layers in action.
Per-instance flag bits: PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
Methods in Detail: fsize, name, size, kind,
PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG,
Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
Set_ptrcnt
Utilities
Implementing PerlIO Layers: C implementations, Perl implementations
Core Layers: ``unix'', ``perlio'', ``stdio'', ``crlf'', ``mmap'', ``pending'', ``raw'', ``utf8''
Extension Layers: ``:encoding'', ``:scalar'', ``:via''

TODO

perlapio - perl's
IO
abstraction interface.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USE_STDIO, 2. USE_PERLIO,

PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(), PerlIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...), PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count), PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)

Co-existence with stdio: PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)
Fast gets Functions: PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f), PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f), PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)
Other Functions: PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

perlhack - How to hack on Perl

DESCRIPTION

SUPER QUICK PATCH GUIDE

Check out the source repository, Ensure you're following the latest advice, Make your change, Test your change, Commit your change, Send your change to perlbug, Thank you, Next time

BUG REPORTING

PERL 5 PORTERS

perl-changes mailing list
#p5p on IRC

GETTING THE PERL SOURCE

Read access via Git
Read access via the web
Read access via rsync
Write access via git

PATCHING PERL

Submitting patches
Getting your patch accepted: Why, What, How
Patching a core module
Updating perldelta
What makes for a good patch?

TESTING

t/base, t/comp and t/opbasic, t/cmd, t/run, t/io and t/op, Everything else, 1), 2)

Special make test targets: test_porting, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind, test_harness, test-notty test_notty
Parallel tests
Running tests by hand
Using t/harness for testing: -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re
LIST OF PATTERNS,
PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2,
PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST,
PERL_TEST_Net_Ping,
PERL_TEST_NOVREXX, PERL_TEST_NUMCONVERTS, PERL_TEST_MEMORY
Performance testing

MORE READING FOR GUTS HACKERS

perlsource, perlinterp, perlhacktut, perlhacktips, perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod

CPAN TESTERS AND PERL SMOKERS

WHAT NEXT ?

The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.
Metaphoric Quotations

AUTHOR

perlsource - A guide to the Perl source tree

DESCRIPTION

FINDING YOUR WAY AROUND

C code
Core modules: lib/, ext/, dist/, cpan/
Tests: Module tests, t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/mro/, t/op/, t/opbasic/, t/re/, t/run/, t/uni/, t/win32/, t/porting/, t/lib/
Documentation
Hacking tools and documentation: check*, Maintainers, Maintainers.pl, and Maintainers.pm, podtidy
Build system
AUTHORS
MANIFEST

perlinterp - An overview of the Perl interpreter

DESCRIPTION

ELEMENTS OF THE INTERPRETER

Startup
Parsing
Optimization
Running
Exception handing
INTERNAL VARIABLE TYPES

OP TREES

STACKS

Argument stack
Mark stack
Save stack

MILLIONS OF MACROS

FURTHER READING

perlhacktut - Walk through the creation of a simple C code patch

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE PATCH

Writing the patch
Testing the patch
Documenting the patch
Submit

AUTHOR

perlhacktips - Tips for Perl core C code hacking

DESCRIPTION

COMMON PROBLEMS

Perl environment problems
Portability problems
Problematic System Interfaces
Security problems

DEBUGGING

Poking at Perl
Using a source-level debugger: run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', ptype, print
gdb macro support
Dumping Perl Data Structures
Using gdb to look at specific parts of a program
Using gdb to look at what the parser/lexer are doing

SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS

lint, splint
Coverity
cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
gcc warnings
Warnings of other C compilers

MEMORY DEBUGGERS

valgrind
AddressSanitizer: -Dcc=clang, -Accflags=-faddress-sanitizer, -Aldflags=-faddress-sanitizer, -Alddlflags=-shared\ -faddress-sanitizer

PROFILING

Gprof Profiling: -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
GCC gcov Profiling

MISCELLANEOUS TRICKS

PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
PERL_MEM_LOG
DDD over gdb
C backtrace: Linux,
OS X,
get_c_backtrace, free_c_backtrace, get_c_backtrace_dump, dump_c_backtrace
Poison
Read-only optrees
When is a bool not a bool?
The .i Targets

AUTHOR

perlpolicy - Various and sundry policies and commitments related to the Perl core

DESCRIPTION

GOVERNANCE

Perl 5 Porters

MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT

BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY AND DEPRECATION

Terminology: experimental, deprecated, discouraged, removed

MAINTENANCE BRANCHES

Getting changes into a maint branch

CONTRIBUTED MODULES

A Social Contract about Artistic Control

DOCUMENTATION

STANDARDS OF CONDUCT

CREDITS

perlgit - Detailed information about git and the Perl repository

DESCRIPTION

CLONING THE REPOSITORY

WORKING WITH THE REPOSITORY

Finding out your status
Patch workflow
Committing your changes
Sending patch emails
A note on derived files
Cleaning a working directory
Bisecting
Topic branches and rewriting history
Grafts

WRITE ACCESS TO THE GIT REPOSITORY

Accepting a patch
Committing to blead
On merging and rebasing
Committing to maintenance versions
Merging from a branch via GitHub
Using a smoke-me branch to test changes
A note on camel and dromedary

perlbook - Books about and related to Perl

DESCRIPTION

The most popular books: Programming Perl (the ``Camel Book''):, The Perl Cookbook (the ``Ram Book''):, Learning Perl (the ``Llama Book''), Intermediate Perl (the ``Alpaca Book'')
References: Perl 5 Pocket Reference, Perl Debugger Pocket Reference, Regular Expression Pocket Reference
Tutorials: Beginning Perl, Learning Perl (the ``Llama Book''), Intermediate Perl (the ``Alpaca Book''), Mastering Perl, Effective Perl Programming
Task-Oriented: Writing Perl Modules for
CPAN
, The Perl Cookbook, Automating System Administration with Perl, Real World
SQL
Server Administration with Perl
Special Topics: Regular Expressions Cookbook, Programming the Perl
DBI
, Perl Best Practices, Higher-Order Perl, Mastering Regular Expressions, Network Programming with Perl, Perl Template Toolkit, Object Oriented Perl, Data Munging with Perl, Mastering Perl/Tk, Extending and Embedding Perl, Pro Perl Debugging
Free (as in beer) books
Other interesting, non-Perl books: Programming Pearls, More Programming Pearls
A note on freshness
Get your book listed

perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community

DESCRIPTION

Where to Find the Community
Mailing Lists and Newsgroups
IRC
Websites: <perl.com>, <blogs.perl.org>, <perlsphere.net>, <perlweekly.com>, <use.perl.org>, <www.perlmonks.org>, <stackoverflow.com>, <prepan.org>
User Groups
Workshops
Hackathons
Conventions
Calendar of Perl Events

AUTHOR

perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS: -h, -D, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-regexp, -a perlapifunc, -v perlvar, -T, -d destination-filename, -o output-formatname, -M module-name, -w option:value or -w option, -X, -L language_code, PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName|URL, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
CHANGES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlhist - the Perl history records

DESCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION

THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN

PUMPKIN ?

THE RECORDS

SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
SELECTED PATCH SIZES

THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

perldelta - what is new for perl v5.22.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Bounds Checking Constructs

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: IRIX

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5221delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.22.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Bounds Checking Constructs

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: IRIX

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5221delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.22.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Bounds Checking Constructs

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: IRIX

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5220delta - what is new for perl v5.22.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

New bitwise operators
New double-diamond operator
New \b boundaries in regular expressions
Non-Capturing Regular Expression Flag
use re 'strict'
Unicode 7.0 (with correction) is now supported
use locale can restrict which locale categories are affected
Perl now supports POSIX 2008 locale currency additions
Better heuristics on older platforms for determining locale UTF-8ness
Aliasing via reference
prototype with no arguments
New :const subroutine attribute
fileno now works on directory handles
List form of pipe open implemented for Win32
Assignment to list repetition
Infinity and NaN (not-a-number) handling improved
Floating point parsing has been improved
Packing infinity or not-a-number into a character is now fatal
Experimental C Backtrace API

Security

Perl is now compiled with -fstack-protector-strong if available
The Safe module could allow outside packages to be replaced
Perl is now always compiled with -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 if available

Incompatible Changes

Subroutine signatures moved before attributes
& and \& prototypes accepts only subs
use encoding is now lexical
List slices returning empty lists
\N{} with a sequence of multiple spaces is now a fatal error
use UNIVERSAL '...' is now a fatal error
In double-quotish \cX, X must now be a printable ASCII character
Splitting the tokens (? and (* in regular expressions is now a fatal compilation error.
qr/foo/x now ignores all Unicode pattern white space
Comment lines within (?[ ]) are now ended only by a \n
(?[...]) operators now follow standard Perl precedence
Omitting % and @ on hash and array names is no longer permitted
$! text is now in English outside the scope of use locale
$! text will be returned in UTF-8 when appropriate
Support for ?PATTERN? without explicit operator has been removed
defined(@array) and defined(%hash) are now fatal errors
Using a hash or an array as a reference are now fatal errors
Changes to the * prototype

Deprecations

Setting ${^ENCODING} to anything but undef
Use of non-graphic characters in single-character variable names
Inlining of sub () { $var } with observable side-effects
Use of multiple /x regexp modifiers
Using a NO-BREAK space in a character alias for \N{...} is now deprecated
A literal { should now be escaped in a pattern
Making all warnings fatal is discouraged

Performance Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Diagnostic Removals

Utility Changes

find2perl, s2p and a2p removal
h2ph
encguess

Configuration and Compilation

Testing

Platform Support

Regained Platforms: IRIX
and Tru64 platforms are working again, z/OS running
EBCDIC
Code Page 1047
Discontinued Platforms: NeXTSTEP/OPENSTEP
Platform-Specific Notes: EBCDIC,
HP-UX, Android,
VMS,
Win32, OpenBSD, Solaris

Internal Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Known Problems

Obituary

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5203delta - what is new for perl v5.20.3

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Utility Changes

h2ph

Testing

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: Win32

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5202delta - what is new for perl v5.20.2

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Testing

Platform Support

Regained Platforms

Selected Bug Fixes

Known Problems

Errata From Previous Releases

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5201delta - what is new for perl v5.20.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Performance Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: Android, OpenBSD, Solaris,
VMS,
Windows

Internal Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5200delta - what is new for perl v5.20.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Experimental Subroutine signatures
subs now take a prototype attribute
More consistent prototype parsing
rand now uses a consistent random number generator
New slice syntax
Experimental Postfix Dereferencing
Unicode 6.3 now supported
New \p{Unicode} regular expression pattern property
Better 64-bit support
use locale now works on UTF-8 locales
use locale now compiles on systems without locale ability
More locale initialization fallback options
-DL runtime option now added for tracing locale setting
-F now implies -a and -a implies -n
$a and $b warnings exemption

Security

Avoid possible read of free()d memory during parsing

Incompatible Changes

do can no longer be used to call subroutines
Quote-like escape changes
Tainting happens under more circumstances; now conforms to documentation
\p{}, \P{} matching has changed for non-Unicode code points.
\p{All} has been expanded to match all possible code points
Data::Dumper's output may change
Locale decimal point character no longer leaks outside of use locale scope
Assignments of Windows sockets error codes to $! now prefer errno.h values over WSAGetLastError() values
Functions PerlIO_vsprintf and PerlIO_sprintf have been removed

Deprecations

The /\C/ character class
Literal control characters in variable names
References to non-integers and non-positive integers in $/
Character matching routines in POSIX
Interpreter-based threads are now discouraged
Module removals: CGI
and its associated
CGI::
packages, inc::latest, Package::Constants, Module::Build and its associated Module::Build:: packages
Utility removals: find2perl, s2p, a2p

Performance Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Utility Changes

Configuration and Compilation

Testing

Platform Support

New Platforms: Android, Bitrig, FreeMiNT, Synology
Discontinued Platforms: "sfio",
AT&T
3b1,
DG/UX, EBCDIC
Platform-Specific Notes: Cygwin, GNU/Hurd, Linux, Mac
OS,
MidnightBSD, Mixed-endian platforms,
VMS,
Win32, WinCE

Internal Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Regular Expressions
Perl 5 Debugger and -d
Lexical Subroutines
Everything Else

Known Problems

Obituary

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5184delta - what is new for perl v5.18.4

DESCRIPTION

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: Win32

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5182delta - what is new for perl v5.18.2

DESCRIPTION

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5181delta - what is new for perl v5.18.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: AIX,
MidnightBSD

Selected Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5180delta - what is new for perl v5.18.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

New mechanism for experimental features
Hash overhaul
Upgrade to Unicode 6.2
Character name aliases may now include non-Latin1-range characters
New DTrace probes
${^LAST_FH}
Regular Expression Set Operations
Lexical subroutines
Computed Labels
More CORE:: subs
kill with negative signal names

Security

See also: hash overhaul
Storable security warning in documentation
Locale::Maketext allowed code injection via a malicious template
Avoid calling memset with a negative count

Incompatible Changes

See also: hash overhaul
An unknown character name in \N{...} is now a syntax error
Formerly deprecated characters in \N{} character name aliases are now errors.
\N{BELL} now refers to U+1F514 instead of U+0007
New Restrictions in Multi-Character Case-Insensitive Matching in Regular Expression Bracketed Character Classes
Explicit rules for variable names and identifiers
Vertical tabs are now whitespace
/(?{})/ and /(??{})/ have been heavily reworked
Stricter parsing of substitution replacement
given now aliases the global $_
The smartmatch family of features are now experimental
Lexical $_ is now experimental
readline() with $/ = \N now reads N characters, not N bytes
Overridden glob is now passed one argument
Here doc parsing
Alphanumeric operators must now be separated from the closing delimiter of regular expressions
qw(...) can no longer be used as parentheses
Interaction of lexical and default warnings
state sub and our sub
Defined values stored in environment are forced to byte strings
require dies for unreadable files
gv_fetchmeth_* and SUPER
split's first argument is more consistently interpreted

Deprecations

Module removals: encoding, Archive::Extract, B::Lint, B::Lint::Debug,
CPANPLUS
and all included "CPANPLUS::*" modules, Devel::InnerPackage, Log::Message, Log::Message::Config, Log::Message::Handlers, Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Simple, Module::Pluggable, Module::Pluggable::Object, Object::Accessor, Pod::LaTeX, Term::UI, Term::UI::History
Deprecated Utilities: cpanp, "cpanp-run-perl", cpan2dist, pod2latex
PL_sv_objcount
Five additional characters should be escaped in patterns with /x
User-defined charnames with surprising whitespace
Various XS-callable functions are now deprecated
Certain rare uses of backslashes within regexes are now deprecated
Splitting the tokens (? and (* in regular expressions
Pre-PerlIO IO implementations

Future Deprecations

DG/UX,

Performance Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Utility Changes

Configuration and Compilation

Testing

Platform Support

Discontinued Platforms: BeOS,
UTS
Global,
VM/ESA, MPE/IX, EPOC,
Rhapsody
Platform-Specific Notes

Internal Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Known Problems

Obituary

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5163delta - what is new for perl v5.16.3

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Security

CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
wrap-around with IO on long strings
memory leak in Encode

Incompatible Changes

Deprecations

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5162delta - what is new for perl v5.16.2

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Configuration and Compilation

configuration should no longer be confused by ls colorization

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: AIX

Selected Bug Fixes

fix /\h/ equivalence with /[\h]/

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5161delta - what is new for perl v5.16.1

DESCRIPTION

Security

an off-by-two error in Scalar-List-Util has been fixed

Incompatible Changes

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules and Pragmata

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes: VMS

Selected Bug Fixes

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5160delta - what is new for perl v5.16.0

DESCRIPTION

Notice

Core Enhancements

use VERSION
__SUB__
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The CORE Namespace
Other Changes

Security

Use is_utf8_char_buf() and not is_utf8_char()

Deprecations

Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions is_utf8_char(), utf8_to_uvchr() and utf8_to_uvuni()

Future Deprecations

Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers
Other Future Deprecations

Incompatible Changes

Special blocks called in void context
The overloading pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides xfork(), xclose_on_exec() and xpipe_anon()
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and getppid() no longer emulate POSIX semantics under LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by quotemeta and \Q has changed

Performance Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Deprecated Modules: Version::Requirements
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation

Diagnostics

New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Utility Changes

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

Platform-Specific Notes

Internal Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and stat
Formats
given and when
The glob operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The sort operator
The substr operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, Uninitialized
Weak references
Other notable fixes

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5144delta - what is new for perl v5.14.4

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Security

CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
memory leak in Encode
[perl #111594] Socket::unpack_sockaddr_un heap-buffer-overflow
[perl #111586] SDBM_File: fix off-by-one access to global .dir
off-by-two error in List::Util
[perl #115994] fix segv in regcomp.c:S_join_exact()
[perl #115992] PL_eval_start use-after-free
wrap-around with IO on long strings

Incompatible Changes

Deprecations

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata: Socket, SDBM_File, List::Util
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

Utility Changes

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes: VMS

Selected Bug Fixes

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5143delta - what is new for perl v5.14.3

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Security

Digest unsafe use of eval ( CVE-2011-3597 )
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator ( CVE-2012-5195 )

Incompatible Changes

Deprecations

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes: FreeBSD, Solaris and NetBSD, HP-UX, Linux, Mac
OS X,
GNU/Hurd, NetBSD

Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5142delta - what is new for perl v5.14.2

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Security

File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC ( CVE-2011-2728 ).
Encode decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow ( CVE-2011-2939 )

Incompatible Changes

Deprecations

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Platform Support

New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes: HP-UX
PA-RISC/64
now supports gcc-4.x, Building on
OS X 10.7
Lion and Xcode 4 works again

Bug Fixes

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5141delta - what is new for perl v5.14.1

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Security

Incompatible Changes

Deprecations

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Utility Changes

Configuration and Compilation

Testing

Platform Support

New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes

Internal Changes

Bug Fixes

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5140delta - what is new for perl v5.14.0

DESCRIPTION

Notice

Core Enhancements

Unicode
Regular Expressions
Syntactical Enhancements
Exception Handling
Other Enhancements: "-d:-foo", "-d:-foo=bar"
New C APIs

Security

User-defined regular expression properties

Incompatible Changes

Regular Expressions and String Escapes
Stashes and Package Variables
Changes to Syntax or to Perl Operators
Threads and Processes
Configuration

Deprecations

Omitting a space between a regular expression and subsequent word
\cX
\b{ and \B{
Perl 4-era .pl libraries
List assignment to $[
Use of qw(...) as parentheses
\N{BELL}
?PATTERN?
Tie functions on scalars holding typeglobs
User-defined case-mapping
Deprecated modules: Devel::DProf

Performance Enhancements

Safe signals optimisation

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragma: much less configuration dialog hassle, support for
META/MYMETA
.json, support for local::lib, support for HTTP::Tiny to reduce the dependency on
FTP
sites, automatic mirror selection, iron out all known bugs in configure_requires, support for distributions compressed with bzip2(1), allow Foo/Bar.pm on the command line to mean "Foo::Bar", charinfo(), charscript(), charblock()
Removed Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Diagnostics

New Diagnostics: Closure prototype called, Insecure user-defined property %s, panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - something is repeatedly re-creating entries, Parsing code internal error (%s), refcnt: fd %d%s, Regexp modifier ``/%c'' may not appear twice, Regexp modifiers ``/%c'' and ``/%c'' are mutually exclusive, Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense, ``\b{'' is deprecated; use ``\b\{'' instead, ``\B{'' is deprecated; use ``\B\{'' instead, Operation ``%s'' returns its argument for .., Use of qw(...) as parentheses is deprecated
Changes to Existing Diagnostics

Utility Changes

Configuration and Compilation

Platform Support

New Platforms: AIX
Discontinued Platforms: Apollo DomainOS, MacOS Classic
Platform-Specific Notes

Internal Changes

New APIs
C API Changes
Deprecated C APIs: "Perl_ptr_table_clear", "sv_compile_2op", "find_rundefsvoffset", "CALL_FPTR" and "CPERLscope"
Other Internal Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

I/O
Regular Expression Bug Fixes
Syntax/Parsing Bugs
Stashes, Globs and Method Lookup: Aliasing packages by assigning to globs [perl #77358], Deleting packages by deleting their containing stash elements, Undefining the glob containing a package ("undef *Foo::"), Undefining an
ISA
glob ("undef *Foo::ISA"), Deleting an
ISA
stash element ("delete $Foo::{ISA}"), Sharing @ISA arrays between classes (via "*Foo::ISA = \@Bar::ISA" or "*Foo::ISA = *Bar::ISA") [perl #77238]
Unicode
Ties, Overloading and Other Magic
The Debugger
Threads
Scoping and Subroutines
Signals
Miscellaneous Memory Leaks
Memory Corruption and Crashes
Fixes to Various Perl Operators
Bugs Relating to the C API

Known Problems

Errata

keys(), values(), and each() work on arrays
split() and @_

Obituary

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5125delta - what is new for perl v5.12.5

DESCRIPTION

Security

Encode decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow ( CVE-2011-2939 )
File::Glob::bsd_glob() memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC ( CVE-2011-2728 ).
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator ( CVE-2012-5195 )

Incompatible Changes

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules

Changes to Existing Documentation

perlebcdic
perlunicode
perluniprops

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Platform Specific Changes: Mac
OS X,
NetBSD

Selected Bug Fixes

Errata

split() and @_

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5124delta - what is new for perl v5.12.4

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Documentation
Platform Specific Notes: Linux
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5123delta - what is new for perl v5.12.3

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

keys, values work on arrays

Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Notes

Solaris,

VMS, VOS

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5122delta - what is new for perl v5.12.2

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules: "Carp", "CPANPLUS", "File::Glob", "File::Copy", "File::Spec"

Utility Changes

Changes to Existing Documentation

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Notes

AIX
Windows
VMS

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5121delta - what is new for perl v5.12.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules

Changes to Existing Documentation

Testing

Testing Improvements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Configuration improvements

Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Notes

HP-UX
AIX
FreeBSD 7
VMS

Known Problems

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

New package NAME VERSION syntax
The ... operator
Implicit strictures
Unicode improvements
Y2038 compliance
qr overloading
Pluggable keywords
APIs for more internals
Overridable function lookup
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
\N experimental regex escape
DTrace support
Support for configure_requires in CPAN module metadata
each, keys, values are now more flexible
when as a statement modifier
$, flexibility
// in when clauses
Enabling warnings from your shell environment
delete local
New support for Abstract namespace sockets
32-bit limit on substr arguments removed

Potentially Incompatible Changes

Deprecations warn by default
Version number formats
@INC reorganization
REGEXPs are now first class
Switch statement changes: flip-flop operators, defined-or operator
Smart match changes
Other potentially incompatible changes

Deprecations

suidperl, Use of ":=" to mean an empty attribute list, "UNIVERSAL->import()", Use of ``goto'' to jump into a construct, Custom character names in \N{name} that don't look like names, Deprecated Modules, Class::ISA, Pod::Plainer, Shell, Switch, Assignment to $[, Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines, Use of ``locked'' with the attributes pragma, Use of ``unique'' with the attributes pragma, Perl_pmflag, Numerous Perl 4-era libraries

Unicode overhaul

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata: "autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "overloading", "parent", "Parse::CPAN::Meta", "VMS::DCLsym", "VMS::Stdio", "XS::APItest::KeywordRPN"
Updated Pragmata: "base", "bignum", "charnames", "constant", "diagnostics", "feature", "less", "lib", "mro", "overload", "threads", "threads::shared", "version", "warnings"
Updated Modules: "Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers", "AutoLoader", "B::Concise", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse", "B::Lint", "CGI", "Class::ISA", "Compress::Raw::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build", "Data::Dumper", "DB_File", "Devel::PPPort", "Digest", "Digest::MD5", "Digest::SHA", "Encode", "Exporter", "ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command", "ExtUtils::Constant", "ExtUtils::Install", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker", "ExtUtils::Manifest", "ExtUtils::ParseXS", "File::Fetch", "File::Path", "File::Temp", "Filter::Simple", "Filter::Util::Call", "Getopt::Long", "IO", "IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::SysV", "Locale::Maketext", "Locale::Maketext::Simple", "Log::Message", "Log::Message::Simple", "Math::BigInt", "Math::BigInt::FastCalc", "Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex", "Memoize", "MIME::Base64", "Module::Build", "Module::CoreList", "Module::Load", "Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded", "Module::Pluggable", "Net::Ping", "NEXT", "Object::Accessor", "Package::Constants", "PerlIO", "Pod::Parser", "Pod::Perldoc", "Pod::Plainer", "Pod::Simple", "Safe", "SelfLoader", "Storable", "Switch", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor", "Term::UI", "Test", "Test::Harness", "Test::Simple", "Text::Balanced", "Text::ParseWords", "Text::Soundex", "Thread::Queue", "Thread::Semaphore", "Tie::RefHash", "Time::HiRes", "Time::Local", "Time::Piece", "Unicode::Collate", "Unicode::Normalize", "Win32", "Win32API::File", "XSLoader"
Removed Modules and Pragmata: "attrs", "CPAN::API::HOWTO", "CPAN::DeferedCode", "CPANPLUS::inc", "DCLsym", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish", "Stdio", "Test::Harness::Assert", "Test::Harness::Iterator", "Test::Harness::Point", "Test::Harness::Results", "Test::Harness::Straps", "Test::Harness::Util", "XSSymSet"
Deprecated Modules and Pragmata

Documentation

New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation

Selected Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Internal Changes

Testing

Testing improvements: Parallel tests, Test harness flexibility, Test watchdog
New Tests

New or Changed Diagnostics

New Diagnostics
Changed Diagnostics: "Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s", "Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s"

Utility Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Changes

New Platforms: Haiku, MirOS
BSD
Discontinued Platforms: Domain/OS, MiNT, Tenon MachTen
Updated Platforms: AIX,
Cygwin, Darwin (Mac
OS X
), DragonFly
BSD,
FreeBSD, Irix, NetBSD, OpenVMS, Stratus
VOS,
Symbian, Windows

Known Problems

Errata

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5101delta - what is new for perl v5.10.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Switch statement changes: flip-flop operators, defined-or operator
Smart match changes
Other incompatible changes

Core Enhancements

Unicode Character Database 5.1.0
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
The overloading pragma
Parallel tests
DTrace support
Support for configure_requires in CPAN module metadata

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata: "autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "parent", "Parse::CPAN::Meta"
Pragmata Changes: "attributes", "attrs", "base", "bigint", "bignum", "bigrat", "charnames", "constant", "feature", "fields", "lib", "open", "overload", "overloading", "version"
Updated Modules: "Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers", "AutoLoader", "AutoSplit", "B", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse", "B::Lint", "B::Xref", "Benchmark", "Carp", "CGI", "Compress::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build", "Cwd", "Data::Dumper", "DB", "DB_File", "Devel::PPPort", "Digest::MD5", "Digest::SHA", "DirHandle", "Dumpvalue", "DynaLoader", "Encode", "Errno", "Exporter", "ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command", "ExtUtils::Constant", "ExtUtils::Embed", "ExtUtils::Install", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker", "ExtUtils::Manifest", "ExtUtils::ParseXS", "Fatal", "File::Basename", "File::Compare", "File::Copy", "File::Fetch", "File::Find", "File::Path", "File::Spec", "File::stat", "File::Temp", "FileCache", "FileHandle", "Filter::Simple", "Filter::Util::Call", "FindBin", "GDBM_File", "Getopt::Long", "Hash::Util::FieldHash", "I18N::Collate", "IO", "IO::Compress::*", "IO::Dir", "IO::Handle", "IO::Socket", "IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::Open3", "IPC::SysV", "lib", "List::Util", "Locale::MakeText", "Log::Message", "Math::BigFloat", "Math::BigInt", "Math::BigInt::FastCalc", "Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex", "Math::Trig", "Memoize", "Module::Build", "Module::CoreList", "Module::Load", "Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded", "Module::Pluggable", "NDBM_File", "Net::Ping", "NEXT", "Object::Accessor", "OS2::REXX", "Package::Constants", "PerlIO", "PerlIO::via", "Pod::Man", "Pod::Parser", "Pod::Simple", "Pod::Text", "POSIX", "Safe", "Scalar::Util", "SelectSaver", "SelfLoader", "Socket", "Storable", "Switch", "Symbol", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor", "Term::ReadLine", "Term::UI", "Test::Harness", "Test::Simple", "Text::ParseWords", "Text::Tabs", "Text::Wrap", "Thread::Queue", "Thread::Semaphore", "threads", "threads::shared", "Tie::RefHash", "Tie::StdHandle", "Time::HiRes", "Time::Local", "Time::Piece", "Unicode::Normalize", "Unicode::UCD", "UNIVERSAL", "Win32", "Win32API::File", "XSLoader"

Utility Changes

h2ph, h2xs, perl5db.pl, perlthanks

New Documentation

perlhaiku, perlmroapi, perlperf, perlrepository, perlthanks

Changes to Existing Documentation

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

ext/ reorganisation
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Platform Specific Changes: AIX,
Cygwin, FreeBSD, Irix, Haiku, MirOS
BSD,
NetBSD, Stratus
VOS,
Symbian, Win32,
VMS

Selected Bug Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

"panic: sv_chop %s", "Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s", "v-string in use/require is non-portable", "Deep recursion on subroutine "%s""

Changed Internals

"SVf_UTF8", "SVs_TEMP"

New Tests

t/comp/retainedlines.t, t/io/perlio_fail.t, t/io/perlio_leaks.t, t/io/perlio_open.t, t/io/perlio.t, t/io/pvbm.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/index_thr.t, t/op/pat_thr.t, t/op/qr_gc.t, t/op/reg_email_thr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t, t/op/reg_nc_tie.t, t/op/reg_posixcc.t, t/op/re.t, t/op/setpgrpstack.t, t/op/substr_thr.t, t/op/upgrade.t, t/uni/lex_utf8.t, t/uni/tie.t

Known Problems

Deprecations

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

The feature pragma
New -E command-line switch
Defined-or operator
Switch and Smart Match operator
Regular expressions: Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers, Backtracking control verbs, Relative backreferences, "\K" escape, Vertical and horizontal whitespace, and linebreak, Optional pre-match and post-match captures with the /p flag
say()
Lexical $_
The _ prototype
UNITCHECK blocks
New Pragma, mro
readdir() may return a short filename on Windows
readpipe() is now overridable
Default argument for readline()
state() variables
Stacked filetest operators
UNIVERSAL::DOES ()
Formats
Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
no VERSION
chdir, chmod and chown on filehandles
OS groups
Recursive sort subs
Exceptions in constant folding
Source filters in @INC
New internal variables: "${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}", "${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}", "${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}", "${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}"
Miscellaneous
UCD 5.0.0
MAD
kill() on Windows

Incompatible Changes

Packing and UTF-8 strings
Byte/character count feature in unpack()
The $* and $# variables have been removed
substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
Parsing of -f _
:unique
Effect of pragmas in eval
chdir FOO
Handling of .pmc files
$^V is now a version object instead of a v-string
@- and @+ in patterns
$AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
Tainting and printf
undef and signal handlers
strictures and dereferencing in defined()
(?p{}) has been removed
Pseudo-hashes have been removed
Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
Removal of the JPL
Recursive inheritance detected earlier
warnings::enabled and warnings::warnif changed to favor users of modules

Modules and Pragmata

Upgrading individual core modules
Pragmata Changes: "feature", "mro", Scoping of the "sort" pragma, Scoping of "bignum", "bigint", "bigrat", "base", "strict" and "warnings", "version", "warnings", "less"
New modules
Selected Changes to Core Modules: "Attribute::Handlers", "B::Lint", "B", "Thread"

Utility Changes

perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp, find2perl, config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html

New Documentation

Performance Enhancements

In-place sorting
Lexical array access
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
Weak references are cheaper
sort() enhancements
Memory optimisations
UTF-8 cache optimisation
Sloppy stat on Windows
Regular expressions optimisations: Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point optimisation

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Configuration improvements: "-Dusesitecustomize", Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(), "d_pseudofork" and "d_printf_format_null", Configure help
Compilation improvements: Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows, ppport.h files, C
++
compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler, Visual C
++
, Win32 builds
Installation improvements: Module auxiliary files
New Or Improved Platforms

Selected Bug Fixes

strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of slices, "no warnings 'category'" works correctly with -w, threads improvements, chr() and negative values,

PERL5SHELL

and tainting, Using *FILE{

}, Overloading and reblessing, Overloading and

UTF-8,

eval memory leaks fixed, Random device on Windows,

PERLIO_DEBUG,

PerlIO::scalar and read-only scalars, study() and

UTF-8,

Critical signals, @INC-hook fix, "-t" switch fix, Duping

UTF-8

filehandles, Localisation of hash elements

New or Changed Diagnostics

Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional, !=~ should be !~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for ``-T'' option, ``%s'' variable %s masks earlier declaration, readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated, v-string in use/require is non-portable, perl -V

Changed Internals

Reordering of SVt_* constants
Elimination of SVt_PVBM
New type SVt_BIND
Removal of CPP symbols
Less space is used by ops
New parser
Use of const
Mathoms
AvFLAGS has been removed
av_* changes
$^H and %^H
B:: modules inheritance changed
Anonymous hash and array constructors

Known Problems

UTF-8 problems

Platform Specific Problems

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl589delta - what is new for perl v5.8.9

DESCRIPTION

Notice

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Unicode Character Database 5.1.0.
stat and -X on directory handles
Source filters in @INC
Exceptions in constant folding
no VERSION
Improved internal UTF-8 caching code
Runtime relocatable installations
New internal variables: "${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}", "${^UTF8CACHE}"
readpipe is now overridable
simple exception handling macros
-D option enhancements
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines

New Platforms

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules
Updated Modules

Utility Changes

debugger upgraded to version 1.31
perlthanks
perlbug
h2xs
h2ph

New Documentation

Changes to Existing Documentation

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Relocatable installations
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Installation improvements.
Platform Specific Changes

Selected Bug Fixes

Unicode
PerlIO
Magic
Reblessing overloaded objects now works
strict now propagates correctly into string evals
Other fixes
Platform Specific Fixes
Smaller fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

panic: sv_chop %s
Maximal count of pending signals (%s) exceeded
panic: attempt to call %s in %s
FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine
Cannot make the non-overridable builtin %s fatal
Unrecognized character '%s' in column %d
Offset outside string
Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regexp; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
Your machine doesn't support dump/undump.

Changed Internals

Macro cleanups

New Tests

ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t, t/comp/fold.t, t/io/pvbm.t, t/lib/proxy_constant_subs.t, t/op/attrhand.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/inccode-tie.t, t/op/incfilter.t, t/op/kill0.t, t/op/qrstack.t, t/op/qr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed.t, t/op/regexp_qr.t, t/op/rxcode.t, t/op/studytied.t, t/op/substT.t, t/op/symbolcache.t, t/op/upgrade.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/pod/twice.t, t/run/cloexec.t, t/uni/cache.t, t/uni/chr.t, t/uni/greek.t, t/uni/latin2.t, t/uni/overload.t, t/uni/tie.t

Known Problems

Platform Specific Notes

Win32
OS/2
VMS

Obituary

Acknowledgements

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

h2xs enhancements
perlivp enhancements

New Documentation

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
Remove over-optimisation
sprintf() fixes
Debugger and Unicode slowdown
Smaller fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Attempt to set length of freed array
Non-string passed as bitmask
Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search pattern

Changed Internals

Platform Specific Problems

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
suidperl less insecure
Optional site customization script
Config.pm is now much smaller.

Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

find2perl enhancements

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

Known Problems

Platform Specific Problems

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Performance Enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
New Tests
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

Perl's debugger
h2ph

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

Known Problems

Platform Specific Problems

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Malloc wrapping
Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
suidperl less insecure
format

Modules and Pragmata

Updated modules: Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark,
CGI,
Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
IO,
IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File,
POSIX,
Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8

Performance Enhancements

Utility Changes

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

Future Directions

Platform Specific Problems

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3

DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata: CGI,
Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc,
POSIX,
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Configuration and Building
Platform Specific Problems
Known Problems
Future Directions
Obituary
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Hash Randomisation
Threading

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules And Pragmata: Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
UNIVERSAL

Selected Bug Fixes

Changed Internals

Platform Specific Problems

Future Directions

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1

DESCRIPTION

Incompatible Changes

Hash Randomisation
UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before =>
(Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
(Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe

Core Enhancements

UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
Unsafe signals again available
Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
local ${$x}
Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
Deprecation Warnings
Miscellaneous Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

Updated Modules And Pragmata: base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
CGI,
charnames,
CPAN,
Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64,
NEXT,
Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath, Win32::GetOSVersion

Utility Changes

New Documentation

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Platform-specific enhancements

Selected Bug Fixes

Closures, eval and lexicals
Generic fixes
Platform-specific fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed A thread exited while %d threads were running
Removed Attempt to clear a restricted hash
New Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine
Changed Invalid range %s in transliteration operator
New Missing control char name in \c
New Newline in left-justified string for %s
New Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator
New Pseudo-hashes are deprecated
New read() on %s filehandle %s
New 5.005 threads are deprecated
New Tied variable freed while still in use
New To%s: illegal mapping '%s'
New Use of freed value in iteration

Changed Internals

New Tests

Known Problems

Tied hashes in scalar context
Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
B::C

Platform Specific Problems

EBCDIC Platforms
Cygwin 1.5 problems
HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite

Future Directions

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0

DESCRIPTION

Highlights In 5.8.0

Incompatible Changes

Binary Incompatibility
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Attributes for my variables now handled at run-time
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
New Unicode Semantics (no more use utf8, almost)
New Unicode Properties
REF (...) Instead Of SCALAR (...)
pack/unpack D/F recycled
glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
Deprecations

Core Enhancements

Unicode Overhaul
PerlIO is Now The Default
ithreads
Restricted Hashes
Safe Signals
Understanding of Numbers
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
Miscellaneous Changes

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

New Documentation

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Generic Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Changes and Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

Security Vulnerability Closed [561]

New Tests

Known Problems

The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
libwww-perl ( LWP ) fails base/date #51
PDL failing some tests
Perl_get_sv
Self-tying Problems
ext/threads/t/libc
Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
Timing problems
Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work

Platform Specific Problems

AIX
Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
AmigaOS
BeOS
Cygwin unable to remap
Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
DJGPP Failures
FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Mac OS X
Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
OS/2 Test Failures
op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
SCO
Solaris 2.5
Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
SUPER-UX ( NEC SX )
Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
UNICOS/mk
UTS
VOS (Stratus)
VMS
Win32
XML::Parser not working
z/OS ( OS/390 )
Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.1

DESCRIPTION

Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1

Security Issues
Core bug fixes: "UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, ``slurp'' mode, Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(), Debugger,
PERL5OPT,
chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, "no Module;", Tests
Core features
Configuration issues
Documentation
Bundled modules: B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
CGI, CPAN,
Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
Platform-specific improvements: NCR
MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

Core Enhancements

Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
our declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
more bits
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
sort $coderef @foo allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved qw// operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as text
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
require and do may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects -c switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches

Modules and Pragmata

Modules: attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
DB,
DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long,
IO, JPL,
lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader,
DBM
Filters
Pragmata

Utility Changes

dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger

Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements

Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster

Installation and Configuration Improvements

-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
-A flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working

Platform specific changes

Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS )
VMS
Win32

Significant bug fixes

< HANDLE > on empty files
eval '...' improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
(\$) prototype and $foo{a}
goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
-bareword allowed under use integer
Failures in DESTROY ()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under -U
END blocks and the -c switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles

New or Changed Diagnostics

``%s'' variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, ``my sub'' not yet implemented, ``our'' variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as ``%s'', %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a

HASH

ARRAY

element, %s argument is not a

HASH

ARRAY

element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script ``%s'', Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in ``%s'', Can't declare %s in ``%s'', Can't ignore signal

CHLD,

forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read

CRTL

environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean ``local'' instead of ``our''?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range ``%s'' in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol ``%s'' requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed

CRTL

environ value ``%s'', Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range ``%s'' in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in ``my sub'', No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in ``our'', No space allowed after -%c, no

UTC

offset information; assuming local time is

UTC,

Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around ``%s'' list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma ``attrs'' is deprecated, use ``sub

NAME : ATTRS''

instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset

CRTL

environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set

CRTL

environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of

CLI

symbol ``%s'' too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests

Incompatible Changes

Perl Source Incompatibilities: CHECK
is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and "\(%h)", vec(
EXPR,OFFSET,BITS
) enforces powers-of-two
BITS,
Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
C Source Incompatibilities: "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
Compatible C Source API Changes: "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
Binary Incompatibilities

Known Problems

Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
Known test failures
EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features: Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The
DB
module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of ``$$<digit>'' to mean ``${$}<digit>'' is deprecated

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
our declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
more bits
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
sort $coderef @foo allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved qw// operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as text
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
require and do may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects -c switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches

Modules and Pragmata

Modules: attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
DB,
DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long,
IO, JPL,
lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader,
DBM
Filters
Pragmata

Utility Changes

dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger

Improved Documentation

Performance enhancements

Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster

Installation and Configuration Improvements

-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
-A flag
Enhanced Installation Directories

Platform specific changes

Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS )
VMS
Win32

Significant bug fixes

< HANDLE > on empty files
eval '...' improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
(\$) prototype and $foo{a}
goto &sub and AUTOLOAD
-bareword allowed under use integer
Failures in DESTROY ()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under -U
END blocks and the -c switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles

New or Changed Diagnostics

HASH

ARRAY

element, %s argument is not a

HASH

ARRAY

CHLD,

forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read

CRTL

UTC

offset information; assuming local time is

UTC,

NAME : ATTRS''

CRTL

environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set

CRTL

CLI

symbol ``%s'' too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests

Incompatible Changes

Perl Source Incompatibilities: CHECK
is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and "\(%h)", vec(
EXPR,OFFSET,BITS
) enforces powers-of-two
BITS,
Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
C Source Incompatibilities: "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"
Compatible C Source API Changes: "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"
Binary Incompatibilities

Known Problems

Thread test failures
EBCDIC platforms not supported
In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1 ) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features: Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The
DB
module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

DESCRIPTION

About the new versioning system

Incompatible Changes

WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
Default installation structure has changed
Perl Source Compatibility
C Source Compatibility
Binary Compatibility
Security fixes may affect compatibility
Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
Licensing

Core Changes

Threads
Compiler
Regular Expressions: Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes
Improved malloc()
Quicksort is internally implemented
Reliable signals
Reliable stack pointers
More generous treatment of carriage returns
Memory leaks
Better support for multiple interpreters
Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
%! is transparently tied to the Errno module
Pseudo-hashes are supported
EXPR foreach EXPR is supported
Keywords can be globally overridden
$^E is meaningful on Win32
foreach (1..1000000) optimized
Foo:: can be used as implicitly quoted package name
exists $Foo::{Bar::} tests existence of a package
Better locale support
Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
prototype() returns useful results on builtins
Extended support for exception handling
Re-blessing in DESTROY () supported for chaining DESTROY () methods
All printf format conversions are handled internally
New INIT keyword
New lock keyword
New qr// operator
our is now a reserved word
Tied arrays are now fully supported
Tied handles support is better
4th argument to substr
Negative LENGTH argument to splice
Magic lvalues are now more magical
<> now reads in records

Supported Platforms

New Platforms
Changes in existing support

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules: B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re
Changes in existing modules: Benchmark, Carp,
CGI,
Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig,
POSIX,
DB_File, MakeMaker,
CPAN,
Cwd

Utility Changes

Documentation Changes

New Diagnostics

Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword ``%s'' refers to nonexistent package, Can't call method ``%s'' on an undefined value, Can't check filesystem of script ``%s'' for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber for ``%s'', Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such field ``%s'' in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word ``%s'' is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed

Obsolete Diagnostics

Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open temporary file, regexp too big

Configuration Changes

BUGS

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004

DESCRIPTION

Supported Environments

Core Changes

List assignment to %ENV works
Change to Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC error
Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
$PERL5OPT environment variable
Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
More precise warnings
Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods
Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
Group vector changeable with $)
Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
No resetting of $. on implicit close
wantarray may return undef
eval EXPR determines value of EXPR in scalar context
Changes to tainting checks: No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
New Opcode module and revised Safe module
Embedding improvements
Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
New and changed syntax: $coderef->(
PARAMS
)
New and changed builtin constants: __PACKAGE__
New and changed builtin variables: $^E, $^H, $^M
New and changed builtin functions: delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use
VERSION,
use Module
VERSION LIST,
prototype(
FUNCTION
), srand, $_ as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on failure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}" closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
New builtin methods: isa(
CLASS
), can(
METHOD
),
VERSION
( [
NEED
] )
TIEHANDLE now supported: TIEHANDLE
classname,
LIST, PRINT
this,
LIST, PRINTF
this,
LIST, READ
this
LIST, READLINE
this,
GETC
this,
DESTROY
this
Malloc enhancements: -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements

Support for More Operating Systems

Win32
Plan 9
QNX
AmigaOS

Pragmata

use autouse

MODULE

=> qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use constant

NAME

VALUE,

use locale, use ops, use vmsish

Modules

Required Updates
Installation directories
Module information summary
Fcntl
IO
Math::Complex
Math::Trig
DB_File
Net::Ping
Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators

Utility Changes

pod2html: Sends converted
HTML
to standard output
xsubpp: "void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing

C Language API Changes

"gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended

API

for manipulating hashes

Documentation Changes

perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib, perldebug, perlsec

New Diagnostics

``my'' variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is not a

HASH

element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, Bareword ``%s'' refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword (``%s'') as %s ref while ``strict refs'' in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in

PERL5OPT:

%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: ``%s'', Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name ``%s::%s'' used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T`` option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of ''$$<digit>`` to mean ''${$}<digit>`` is deprecated, Value of %s can be ''0``; test with defined(), Variable ''%s`` may be unavailable, Variable ''%s" will not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed

PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR

too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

BUGS

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perlexperiment - A listing of experimental features in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Current experiments: "our" can now have an experimental optional attribute "unique", Smart match ("~~"), Lexical $_, Pluggable keywords, Array and hash container functions accept references, Lexical subroutines, Regular Expression Set Operations, Subroutine signatures, Postfix dereference syntax, Aliasing via reference, The ``const'' attribute, use re 'strict';, String- and number-specific bitwise operators, The <:win32>
IO
pseudolayer, There is an "installhtml" target in the Makefile, Unicode in Perl on
EBCDIC
Accepted features: 64-bit support, die accepts a reference,
DB
module, Weak references, Internal file glob, fork() emulation, -Dusemultiplicity -Duseithreads, Support for long doubles, The "\N" regex character class, "(?{code})" and "(??{ code })", Linux abstract Unix domain sockets, Lvalue subroutines, Backtracking control verbs, The <:pop>
IO
pseudolayer, "\s" in regexp matches vertical tab
Removed features: 5.005-style threading, perlcc, The pseudo-hash data type, GetOpt::Long Options can now take multiple values at once (experimental), Assertions, Test::Harness::Straps, "legacy"

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The Artistic License

Preamble
Definitions: ``Package'', ``Standard Version'', ``Copyright Holder'', ``You'', ``Reasonable copying fee'', ``Freely Available''
Conditions: a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)

perlgpl - the
GNU
General Public License, version 1

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

perlaix - Perl version 5 on
IBM AIX
(
UNIX
) systems

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
Supported Compilers
Incompatibility with AIX Toolbox lib gdbm
Perl 5 was successfully compiled and tested on:
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
Using Large Files with Perl
Threaded Perl
64-bit Perl
Long doubles
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/64-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (64-bit)
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX 7.1.0
Compiling Perl 5 on older AIX versions up to 4.3.3
OS level
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX < 5L
The IBM ANSI C Compiler
The usenm option
Using GNU 's gcc for building Perl
Using Large Files with Perl < 5L
Threaded Perl < 5L
64-bit Perl < 5L
AIX 4.2 and extensions using C ++ with statics

AUTHORS

perlamiga - Perl under Amiga
OS

NOTE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS: Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga
OS
Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS

INSTALLATION

Accessing documentation

Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS

BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS

Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
Making Perl on AmigaOS
Testing Perl on AmigaOS
Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS

PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

perlandroid - Perl under Android

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Cross-compilation

Get the Android Native Development Kit ( NDK )
Determine the architecture you'll be cross-compiling for
Set up a standalone toolchain
adb or ssh?
Configure and beyond

Native Builds

AUTHOR

perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for
BS2000.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

gzip on BS2000
bison on BS2000
Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
Compiling Perl on BS2000
Testing Perl on BS2000
Installing Perl on BS2000
Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
Using Perl in native BS2000
Floating point anomalies on BS2000
Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Mailing list

HISTORY

perlce - Perl for WinCE

Building Perl for WinCE

WARNING
DESCRIPTION
General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
CURRENT BUILD INSTRUCTIONS
OLD BUILD INSTRUCTIONS: Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C
++
, Rainer Keuchel's celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to ./win32 subdirectory, edit file ./win32/ce-helpers/compile.bat, run
compile.bat, run compile.bat dist

Using Perl on WinCE

DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
ENVIRONMENT: PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME, CONSOLEFONTSIZE
REGISTRY
XS
BUGS
INSTALLATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

History of WinCE port

AUTHORS

Rainer Keuchel <coyxc@rainer-keuchel.de>, Vadim Konovalov, Daniel Dragan

perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin

SYNOPSIS

PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN

Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
Cygwin Configuration: "PATH", nroff

CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN

Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin: "-lcrypt", "-lgdbm_compat" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use DB_File"), "cygserver" ("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"
Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin: "-Uusedl", "-Dusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity", "-Uuse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble", "-Uuseithreads", "-Duselargefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"
Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin: Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Preprocessor defines

MAKE ON CYGWIN

TEST ON CYGWIN

File Permissions on Cygwin
NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
fork() failures in io_* tests

Specific features of the Cygwin port

Script Portability on Cygwin: Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, Cygwin vs. Windows process ids, Cygwin vs. Windows errors, rebase errors on fork or system, "chown()", Miscellaneous
Prebuilt methods:: "Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid", "Cygwin::win_to_posix_path", "Cygwin::posix_to_win_path", "Cygwin::mount_table()", "Cygwin::mount_flags", "Cygwin::is_binmount", "Cygwin::sync_winenv"

INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN

MANIFEST ON CYGWIN

Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl Module Tests

BUGS ON CYGWIN

AUTHORS

HISTORY

perldos - Perl under
DOS, W31, W95.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS: DJGPP,
Pthreads
Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
Building Perl on DOS
Testing Perl on DOS
Installation of Perl on DOS

BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS

Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
Building XS Modules on DOS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlfreebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems

DESCRIPTION

FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
$^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD

AUTHOR

perlhaiku - Perl version 5.10+ on Haiku

DESCRIPTION
BUILD AND INSTALL
KNOWN PROBLEMS
CONTACT

perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems

DESCRIPTION

Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
Using perl from HP 's porting centre
Other prebuilt perl binaries
Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
PA-RISC
Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
PA-RISC 1.0
PA-RISC 1.1
PA-RISC 2.0
Itanium Processor Family ( IPF ) and HP-UX
Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
HP-UX versions
Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
The HP ANSI C Compiler
The GNU C Compiler
Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
Threaded Perl on HP-UX
64-bit Perl on HP-UX
Oracle on HP-UX
GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl

nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent

error: pasting ) and l does not give a valid preprocessing token

Redeclaration of sendpath with a different storage class specifier

Miscellaneous

AUTHOR

perlhurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd

DESCRIPTION

Known Problems with Perl on Hurd

AUTHOR

perlirix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems

DESCRIPTION

Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
About Compiler Versions of Irix
Linker Problems in Irix
Malloc in Irix
Building with threads in Irix
Irix 5.3

AUTHOR

perllinux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems

DESCRIPTION

Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS

AUTHOR

perlmacos - Perl under Mac
OS
(Classic)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

perlmacosx - Perl under Mac
OS X

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Installation Prefix
SDK support
Universal Binary support
64-bit PPC support
libperl and Prebinding
Updating Apple's Perl
Known problems
Cocoa

Starting From Scratch

AUTHOR

DATE

perlnetware - Perl for NetWare

DESCRIPTION

BUILD

Tools & SDK
Setup: SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
Make
Interpreter
Extensions

INSTALL

BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHORS

DATE

perlopenbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems

DESCRIPTION

OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with ithreads

AUTHOR

perlos2 - Perl under
OS/2, DOS,
Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Target
Other OSes
Prerequisites: EMX, RSX, HPFS,
pdksh
Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
Starting OS/2 (and DOS ) programs under Perl

Frequently asked questions

It does not work
I cannot run external programs
I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my program.: Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use ExtUtils::Embed?
`` and pipe-open do not work under DOS.
Cannot start find.exe pattern file

INSTALLATION

Automatic binary installation: "PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm
Manual binary installation: Perl
VIO
and
PM
executables (dynamically linked), Perl_
VIO
executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh
Warning

Accessing documentation

OS/2 .INF file
Plain text
Manpages
HTML
GNU info files
PDF files
LaTeX docs

BUILD

The short story
Prerequisites
Getting perl source
Application of the patches
Hand-editing
Making
Testing: A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by
SIGTERM/SIGINT,
op/fs.t, 18, 25, op/stat.t
Installing the built perl
a.out-style build

Building a binary distribution

Building custom .EXE files

Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded extensions
Making executables with a custom search-paths

Build FAQ

Some / became \ in pdksh.
'errno' - unresolved external
Problems with tr or sed
Some problem (forget which ;-)
Library ... not found
Segfault in make
op/sprintf test failure

Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port

setpriority, getpriority
system()
extproc on the first line
Additional modules:
Prebuilt methods:: "File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname", "Cwd::current_drive()",
"Cwd::sys_chdir(name)", "Cwd::change_drive(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
"Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)", "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)",
"Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)", "Cwd::extLibpath([type])", "Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )", "OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)", "OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)", OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), "OS2::MorphPM(serve)", "OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)", "OS2::Serve_Messages(force)", "OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)", OS2::get_control87(), "OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)", "OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])"
Prebuilt variables:: $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror
Misfeatures
Modifications: "popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir", "rmdir", "flock"
Identifying DLLs
Centralized management of resources: "HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by
OS/2 API,
"CheckOSError(expr)", "CheckWinError(expr)", "SaveWinError(expr)", "SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)", "WinError_2_Perl_rc", "FillWinError", "FillOSError(rc)", Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs

Perl flavors

perl.exe
perl_.exe
perl__.exe
perl___.exe
Why strange names?
Why dynamic linking?
Why chimera build?

ENVIRONMENT

PERLLIB_PREFIX
PERL_BADLANG
PERL_BADFREE
PERL_SH_DIR
USE_PERL_FLOCK
TMP or TEMP

Evolution

Text-mode filehandles
Priorities
DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond: Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", . from "LIBPATH"
DLL forwarder generation
Threading
Calls to external programs
Memory allocation
Threads: "COND_WAIT", os2.c

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlos390 - building and installing Perl for
OS/390
and z/OS

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tools
Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Configure Perl on OS/390
Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Mailing list for Perl on OS/390

HISTORY

perlos400 - Perl version 5 on
OS/400

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
Known Problems
Perl on ILE

AUTHORS

perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION

Invoking Perl
What's in Plan 9 Perl
What's not in Plan 9 Perl
Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
Signals in Plan 9 Perl

COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9

Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9

BUGS

Revision date

AUTHOR

perlqnx - Perl version 5 on
QNX

DESCRIPTION

Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4: /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
QNX auxiliary files: qnx/ar, qnx/cpp
Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
Cross-compilation

AUTHOR

perlriscos - Perl version 5 for
RISC OS

DESCRIPTION
BUILD
AUTHOR

perlsolaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems

DESCRIPTION

Solaris Version Numbers.

RESOURCES

Solaris

FAQ,

Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

SETTING UP

File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris

RUN CONFIGURE.

64-bit perl on Solaris.
Threads in perl on Solaris.
Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.

MAKE PROBLEMS.

Dynamic Loading Problems With

GNU

as and

GNU

ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error ``No

DATAMODEL_NATIVE

specified'', sh: ar: not found

MAKE TEST

op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent

CROSS-COMPILATION

PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.

RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.

Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.

SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.

SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.

Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
BSD::Resource on Solaris
Net::SSLeay on Solaris

SunOS 4.x

AUTHOR

perlsymbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian
OS

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl on Symbian
Compilation problems
PerlApp
sisify.pl
Using Perl in Symbian

TO DO

WARNING

NOTE

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

HISTORY

perlsynology - Perl 5 on Synology
DSM
systems

DESCRIPTION

Setting up the build environment
Compiling Perl 5
Known problems: Error message ``No error definitions found'', "ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t"
Smoke testing Perl 5
Adding libraries

REVISION

AUTHOR

perltru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital
UNIX
formerly known as
DEC OSF/1
) systems

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
Threaded Perl on Tru64
Long Doubles on Tru64
DB_File tests failing on Tru64
64-bit Perl on Tru64
Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64

Testing Perl on Tru64

ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds

Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark

read_cur_obj_info: bad file magic number

AUTHOR

perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION

Installation

Organization of Perl Images

Core Images
Perl Extensions
Installing static extensions
Installing dynamic extensions

File specifications

Syntax
Filename Case
Symbolic Links
Wildcard expansion
Pipes

PERL5LIB and PERLLIB

The Perl Forked Debugger

PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG

Command line

I/O redirection and backgrounding
Command line switches: -i, -S, -u

Perl functions

File tests, backticks, binmode

FILEHANDLE,

crypt

PLAINTEXT, USER,

die, dump, exec

LIST,

fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system call), stat

EXPR,

system

LIST,

time, times, unlink

LIST,

utime

LIST,

waitpid

PID,FLAGS

Perl variables

%ENV,

CRTL_ENV,

CLISYM_[

LOCAL

], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|

Standard modules with VMS-specific differences

SDBM_File

Revision date

AUTHOR

perlvos - Perl for Stratus OpenVOS

SYNOPSIS

BUILDING PERL FOR OPENVOS

INSTALLING PERL IN OPENVOS

USING PERL IN OPENVOS

Restrictions of Perl on OpenVOS

TEST STATUS

SUPPORT STATUS

AUTHOR

LAST UPDATE

perlwin32 - Perl under Windows

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

<mingw.org>, <mingw-w64.org>

Setting Up Perl on Windows: Make, Command Shell, Microsoft Visual C
++
, Microsoft Visual C
++
2008-2013 Express Edition, Microsoft Visual C
++
2005 Express Edition, Microsoft Visual C
++
Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform
SDK
64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, Intel C
++
Compiler
Building
Testing Perl on Windows
Installation of Perl on Windows
Usage Hints for Perl on Windows: Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Notes on 64-bit Windows
Running Perl Scripts
Miscellaneous Things

BUGS AND CAVEATS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHORS

Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>, Jan Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Steve Hay <steve.m.hay@googlemail.com>

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perlboot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl

DESCRIPTION

perlbot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl

DESCRIPTION

perlrepository - Links to current information on the Perl source repository

DESCRIPTION

perltodo - Link to the Perl to-do list

DESCRIPTION

perltooc - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl

DESCRIPTION

perltoot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl

DESCRIPTION

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

arybase - Set indexing base via $[

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

What import does
Built-in Attributes: lvalue, method, prototype(..), locked, const, shared, unique
Available Subroutines: get, reftype
Package-specific Attribute Handling: FETCH_
type_ATTRIBUTES,
MODIFY_
type_ATTRIBUTES
Syntax of Attribute Lists

EXPORTS

Default exports
Available exports
Export tags defined

EXAMPLES

MORE EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

autodie - Replace functions with ones that succeed or die with lexical scope

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXCEPTIONS

CATEGORIES

FUNCTION SPECIFIC NOTES

print
flock
system/exec

GOTCHAS

DIAGNOSTICS

:void cannot be used with lexical scope, No user hints defined for %s

BUGS

autodie and string eval
REPORTING BUGS

FEEDBACK

AUTHOR

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

autodie::Scope::Guard - Wrapper class for calling subs at end of scope

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods

AUTHOR

LICENSE

autodie::Scope::GuardStack - Hook stack for managing scopes via %^H

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods

AUTHOR

LICENSE

autodie::ScopeUtil - Utilities for managing %^H scopes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods

AUTHOR

LICENSE

autodie::exception - Exceptions from autodying functions.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Common Methods

Advanced methods

SEE ALSO

LICENSE

AUTHOR

autodie::exception::system - Exceptions from autodying system().

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
stringify
LICENSE
AUTHOR

autodie::hints - Provide hints about user subroutines to autodie

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Introduction
What are hints?
Example hints

Manually setting hints from within your program

Adding hints to your module

Insisting on hints

Diagnostics

Attempts to set_hints_for unidentifiable subroutine, fail hints cannot be provided with either scalar or list hints for %s, %s hint missing for %s

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHOR

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

autodie::skip - Skip a package when throwing autodie exceptions

SYNPOSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

base - Establish an
ISA
relationship with base classes at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS: Base class package ``%s'' is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself
HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO

bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

use integer vs. use bigint
Options: a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, hex, oct, l, lib, try or only, v or version
Math Library
Internal Format
Sign
Method calls
Methods: inf(), NaN(), e,
PI,
bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

CAVEATS

Operator vs literal overloading, ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()

MODULES USED

EXAMPLES

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Options: a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version
Methods
Caveats: inf(), NaN(), e,
PI
(), bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
Math Library
INTERNAL FORMAT
SIGN

CAVEATS

Operator vs literal overloading, in_effect(), hex()/oct()

MODULES USED

EXAMPLES

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Modules Used
Math Library
Sign
Methods: inf(), NaN(), e,
PI,
bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()
MATH LIBRARY
Caveat
Options: a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version

CAVEATS

Operator vs literal overloading, in_effect(), hex()/oct()

EXAMPLES

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics

NOTICE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

charnames - access to Unicode character names and named character sequences; also define character names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LOOSE MATCHES
ALIASES
CUSTOM ALIASES
charnames::string_vianame(name)
charnames::vianame(name)
charnames::viacode(code)
CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
BUGS

constant - Perl pragma to declare constants

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

List constants
Defining multiple constants at once
Magic constants

TECHNICAL NOTES

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

deprecate - Perl pragma for deprecating the core version of a module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The diagnostics Pragma
The splain Program

EXAMPLES

INTERNALS

BUGS

AUTHOR

encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ASCII and non-UTF-8

WARNING

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

"use encoding ['ENCNAME'] ;", "use encoding ENCNAMEFilter=>1;", "no encoding;"

OPTIONS

Setting STDIN and/or STDOUT individually
The :locale sub-pragma

CAVEATS

SIDE EFFECTS
DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
Prior to Perl v5.22
Prior to Encode version 1.87
Prior to Perl v5.8.1: ``NON-EUC'' doublebyte encodings, "tr///", Legend of characters above

EXAMPLE - Greekperl

BUGS

Thread safety, Can't be used by more than one module in a single program, Other modules using "STDIN" and "STDOUT" get the encoded stream, literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes,

EBCDIC,

"format", See also ``

CAVEATS''

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overview of the problem
Detecting the problem
Solving the problem: Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to byte-strings, Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading, PerlIO layers for
STDIN
and
STDOUT
, Literal conversions, Implicit upgrading for byte-strings

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

experimental - Experimental features made easy

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Ordering matters
Disclaimer

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

feature - Perl pragma to enable new features

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Lexical effect
no feature

AVAILABLE FEATURES

The 'say' feature
The 'state' feature
The 'switch' feature
The 'unicode_strings' feature
The 'unicode_eval' and 'evalbytes' features
The 'current_sub' feature
The 'array_base' feature
The 'fc' feature
The 'lexical_subs' feature
The 'postderef' and 'postderef_qq' features
The 'signatures' feature
The 'refaliasing' feature
The 'bitwise' feature

FEATURE BUNDLES

IMPLICIT LOADING

fields - compile-time class fields

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: new, phash
SEE ALSO

filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Consider this carefully
The access sub-pragma
Limitation with regard to _

if - use a Perl module if a condition holds (also can no a module)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

less - perl pragma to request less of something

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FOR MODULE AUTHORS

BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE )
FEATURES = less->of()

CAVEATS

This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+

lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Adding directories to @INC
Deleting directories from @INC
Restoring original @INC

CAVEATS

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

locale - Perl pragma to use or avoid
POSIX
locales for built-in operations

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

mro - Method Resolution Order

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW

The C3 MRO

What is C3?
How does C3 work

Functions

mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
mro::set_mro ($classname, $type)
mro::get_mro($classname)
mro::get_isarev($classname)
mro::is_universal($classname)
mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
mro::method_changed_in($classname)
mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
next::method
next::can
maybe::next::method

SEE ALSO

The original Dylan paper: <haahr.tempdomainname.com/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html>
Pugs
Parrot: <use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768>
Python 2.3 MRO related links: <www.python.org/2.3/mro.html>, <www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro>
Class::C3: Class::C3

AUTHOR

ok - Alternative to Test::More::use_ok

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CC0 1.0 Universal

open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
SEE ALSO

ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

overload - Package for overloading Perl operations

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Fundamentals
Overloadable Operations: "not", "neg", "++", "--", Assignments, Non-mutators with a mutator
variant, "int", String, numeric, boolean, and regexp conversions, Iteration, File tests, Matching, Dereferencing, Special
Magic Autogeneration
Special Keys for use overload: defined, but
FALSE,
"undef",
TRUE
How Perl Chooses an Operator Implementation
Losing Overloading
Inheritance and Overloading: Method names in the "use overload" directive, Overloading of an operation is inherited by derived classes
Run-time Overloading
Public Functions: overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
Overloading Constants: integer, float, binary, q, qr

IMPLEMENTATION

COOKBOOK

Two-face Scalars
Two-face References
Symbolic Calculator
Really Symbolic Calculator

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

DIAGNOSTICS

Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, '%s' is not an overloadable type, '%s' is not a code reference, overload arg '%s' is invalid

BUGS AND PITFALLS

overloading - perl pragma to lexically control overloading

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: "no overloading", "no overloading @ops", "use overloading", "use overloading @ops"

parent - Establish an
ISA
relationship with base classes at compile time

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS: Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself
HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

'taint' mode
'eval' mode
'strict' mode
'/flags' mode
'debug' mode
'Debug' mode: Compile related options,
COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP, FLAGS, TEST,
Execute related options,
EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE, INTUIT,
Extra debugging options,
EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE, STACK, GPOS, OPTIMISEM, OFFSETS, OFFSETSDBG,
Other useful flags,
ALL,
All,
MORE,
More
Exportable Functions: is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regmust($ref), regname($name,$all), regnames($all), regnames_count()

SEE ALSO

sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

SIGNAL HANDLERS: stack-trace, die, handler your-handler
SIGNAL LISTS: normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals
OTHER: untrapped, any, signal, number

EXAMPLES

sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: "strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"
HISTORY

subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

threads - Perl interpreter-based threads

VERSION

WARNING

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$thr = threads->create(

FUNCTION, ARGS

), $thr->join(), $thr->detach(), threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(), threads->tid(), ``$thr'', threads->object($tid), threads->yield(), threads->list(), threads->list(threads::all), threads->list(threads::running), threads->list(threads::joinable), $thr1->equal($thr2), async

BLOCK

;, $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(), threads->_handle()

EXITING A THREAD

threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use threads 'exit' => 'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' => 'thread_only'}, ...), $thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean), threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)

THREAD STATE

$thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(), threads->is_detached()

THREAD CONTEXT

Explicit context
Implicit context
$thr->wantarray()
threads->wantarray()

THREAD STACK SIZE

threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();, $old_size = threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads ('stack_size' =>

VALUE

);, $ENV{'

PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE

'}, threads->create({'stack_size' =>

VALUE

FUNCTION, ARGS

), $thr2 = $thr1->create(

FUNCTION, ARGS

)

THREAD SIGNALLING

$thr->kill('

SIG...

');

WARNINGS

Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed: pthread_create returned #, Thread # terminated abnormally: .., Using minimum thread stack size of #, Thread creation failed: pthread_attr_setstacksize(

SIZE

) returned 22

ERRORS

This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of an existing thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals, Unrecognized signal name: ..

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Memory consumption, Current working directory, Environment variables, Catching signals, Parent-child threads, Creating threads inside special blocks, Unsafe signals, Perl has been built with "PERL_OLD_SIGNALS" (see "perl -V"), The environment variable "PERL_SIGNALS" is set to "unsafe" (see ``

PERL_SIGNALS''

in perlrun), The module Perl::Unsafe::Signals is used, Returning closures from threads, Returning objects from threads,

END

blocks in threads, Open directory handles, Perl Bugs and the

CPAN

Version of threads

REQUIREMENTS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

LICENSE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS: share
VARIABLE,
shared_clone
REF,
is_shared
VARIABLE,
lock
VARIABLE,
cond_wait
VARIABLE,
cond_wait
CONDVAR, LOCKVAR,
cond_timedwait
VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT,
cond_timedwait
CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR,
cond_signal
VARIABLE,
cond_broadcast
VARIABLE
OBJECTS
NOTES
WARNINGS: cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable, cond_signal() called on unlocked variable
BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable
UTF-8
(or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Utility functions: "$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string)", "$success = utf8::downgrade($string[, $fail_ok])", "utf8::encode($string)", "$success = utf8::decode($string)", "$unicode = utf8::native_to_unicode($code_point)", "$native = utf8::unicode_to_native($code_point)", "$flag = utf8::is_utf8($string)", "$flag = utf8::valid($string)"

BUGS

SEE ALSO

vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

version - Perl extension for Version Objects

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TYPES OF VERSION OBJECTS

Decimal Versions, Dotted Decimal Versions

DECLARING VERSIONS

How to convert a module from decimal to dotted-decimal
How to declare() a dotted-decimal version

PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS

How to parse() a version
How to check for a legal version string: "is_lax()", "is_strict()"
How to compare version objects

OBJECT METHODS

is_alpha()
is_qv()
normal()
numify()
stringify()

EXPORTED FUNCTIONS

qv()
is_lax()
is_strict()

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

version::Internals - Perl extension for Version Objects

DESCRIPTION

WHAT IS A VERSION ?

Decimal Versions, Dotted-Decimal Versions

Decimal Versions
Dotted-Decimal Versions
Alpha Versions
Regular Expressions for Version Parsing: $version::LAX, $version::STRICT, v1.234.5

IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS

Equivalence between Decimal and Dotted-Decimal Versions
Quoting Rules
What about v-strings?
Version Object Internals: original, qv, alpha, version
Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION

USAGE DETAILS

Using modules that use version.pm: Decimal versions always work, Dotted-Decimal version work sometimes
Object Methods: new(), qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison operators, Logical Operators

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

"vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
What's wrong with -w and $^W
Controlling Warnings from the Command Line: -w , -W , -X
Backward Compatibility
Category Hierarchy
Fatal Warnings
Reporting Warnings from a Module

FUNCTIONS

use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warnings::fatal_enabled(), warnings::fatal_enabled($category), warnings::fatal_enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $message), warnings::register_categories(@names)

warnings::register - warnings import function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION

AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DBM Comparisons: [0], [1], [2], [3]

SEE ALSO

App::Cpan - easily interact with
CPAN
from the command line

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Options: -a, -A module [ module ... ], -c module, -C module [ module ... ], -D module [ module ... ], -f, -F, -g module [ module ... ], -G module [ module ... ], -h, -i, -I, -j Config.pm, -J, -l, -L author [ author ... ], -m, -M mirror1,mirror2,.., -n, -O, -p, -P, -r, -t, -T, -u, -v, -V, -w
Examples
Environment variables: NONINTERACTIVE_TESTING, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, CPAN_OPTS, CPANSCRIPT_LOGLEVEL, GIT_COMMAND
Methods

run()

EXIT VALUES
TO DO
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
CREDITS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

App::Prove - Implements the prove command.

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods

Attributes

"archive", "argv", "backwards", "blib", "color", "directives", "dry", "exec", "extensions", "failures", "comments", "formatter", "harness", "ignore_exit", "includes", "jobs", "lib", "merge", "modules", "parse", "plugins", "quiet", "really_quiet", "recurse", "rules", "show_count", "show_help", "show_man", "show_version", "shuffle", "state", "state_class", "taint_fail", "taint_warn", "test_args", "timer", "verbose", "warnings_fail", "warnings_warn", "tapversion", "trap"

PLUGINS

Sample Plugin

SEE ALSO

App::Prove::State - State storage for the prove command.

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods: "store", "extensions" (optional), "result_class" (optional)

result_class

extensions

results

commit

Instance Methods

"last", "failed", "passed", "all", "hot", "todo", "slow", "fast", "new", "old", "save"

App::Prove::State::Result - Individual test suite results.

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods

state_version

test_class

App::Prove::State::Result::Test - Individual test results.

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Object Methods

Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )

$tar->read ( $filename|$handle, [$compressed, {opt => 'val'}] )

limit, filter, md5, extract

$tar->contains_file( $filename )

$tar->extract( [@filenames] )

$tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )

$tar->list_files( [\@properties] )

$tar->get_files( [@filenames] )

$tar->get_content( $file )

$tar->replace_content( $file, $content )

$tar->rename( $file, $new_name )

$tar->chmod( $file, $mode )

$tar->chown( $file, $uname [, $gname] )

$tar->remove (@filenamelist)

$tar->clear

$tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )

$tar->add_files( @filenamelist )

$tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )

FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET

$tar->error( [$BOOL] )

$tar->setcwd( $cwd );

Class Methods

Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compressed, @filelist)

Archive::Tar->iter( $filename, [ $compressed, {opt => $val} ] )

Archive::Tar->list_archive($file, $compressed, [\@properties])

Archive::Tar->extract_archive($file, $compressed)

$bool = Archive::Tar->has_io_string

$bool = Archive::Tar->has_perlio

$bool = Archive::Tar->has_zlib_support

$bool = Archive::Tar->has_bzip2_support

Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files

GLOBAL VARIABLES

$Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
$Archive::Tar::CHOWN
$Archive::Tar::CHMOD
$Archive::Tar::SAME_PERMISSIONS
$Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
$Archive::Tar::DEBUG
$Archive::Tar::WARN
$Archive::Tar::error
$Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
$Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
$Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
$Archive::Tar::ZERO_PAD_NUMBERS
Tuning the way RESOLVE_SYMLINK will works

FAQ

What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't Archive::Tar slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?, Can you lazy-load data instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file need?, What do you do with unsupported filetypes in an archive?, I'm using WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and files are not being extracted properly!, How do I extract only files that have property X from an archive?, How do I access .tar.Z files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?

CAVEATS

TODO

Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be passed in as string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a compressed archive

SEE ALSO

The

GNU

tar specification, The

PAX

format specification, A comparison of

GNU

and

POSIX

tar standards; "www.delorie.com/gnu/docs/tar/tar_114.html",

GNU

tar intends to switch to

POSIX

compatibility, A Comparison between various tar implementations

AUTHOR

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

COPYRIGHT

Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from Archive::Tar

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Accessors: name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version, uname, gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw

Methods

Archive::Tar::File->new( file => $path )
Archive::Tar::File->new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
Archive::Tar::File->new( chunk => $chunk )

$bool = $file->extract( [ $alternative_name ] )

$path = $file->full_path

$bool = $file->validate

$bool = $file->has_content

$content = $file->get_content

$cref = $file->get_content_by_ref

$bool = $file->replace_content( $content )

$bool = $file->rename( $new_name )

$bool = $file->chmod $mode)

$bool = $file->chown( $user [, $group])

Convenience methods

$file->is_file, $file->is_dir, $file->is_hardlink, $file->is_symlink, $file->is_chardev, $file->is_blockdev, $file->is_fifo, $file->is_socket, $file->is_longlink, $file->is_label, $file->is_unknown

Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Typed lexicals
Type-specific attribute handlers
Non-interpretive attribute handlers
Phase-specific attribute handlers
Attributes as tie interfaces

EXAMPLES

UTILITY FUNCTIONS

findsym

DIAGNOSTICS

"Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s attributes", "Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with future reserved word", "Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal error: %s symbol went missing", "Won't be able to apply END handler"

AUTHOR

BUGS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Subroutine Stubs
Using AutoLoader's
AUTOLOAD
Subroutine
Overriding AutoLoader's
AUTOLOAD
Subroutine
Package Lexicals
Not Using AutoLoader
AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
Forcing AutoLoader to Load a Function

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$keep, $check, $modtime

Multiple packages

DIAGNOSTICS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

B - The Perl Compiler Backend

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW

Utility Functions

Functions Returning B::SV, B::AV, B::HV, and B::CV objects: sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(
SVREF
), amagic_generation, init_av, check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
Functions for Examining the Symbol Table: walksymtable(
SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX
)
Functions Returning B::OP objects or for walking op trees: main_root, main_start, walkoptree(
OP, METHOD
), walkoptree_debug(
DEBUG
)
Miscellaneous Utility Functions: ppname(
OPNUM
), hash(
STR
), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(
STR
), perlstring(
STR
), safename(
STR
), class(
OBJ
), threadsv_names
Exported utility variables: @optype, @specialsv_name

OVERVIEW OF CLASSES

SV-RELATED CLASSES
B::SV Methods: REFCNT, FLAGS,
object_2svref
B::IV Methods: IV, IVX, UVX,
int_value, needs64bits, packiv
B::NV Methods: NV, NVX, COP_SEQ_RANGE_LOW, COP_SEQ_RANGE_HIGH
B::RV Methods: RV
B::PV Methods: PV, RV, PVX, CUR, LEN
B::PVMG Methods: MAGIC,
SvSTASH
B::MAGIC Methods: MOREMAGIC,
precomp,
PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
B::PVLV Methods: TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
B::BM Methods: USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
B::REGEXP Methods: REGEX,
precomp, qr_anoncv, compflags
B::GV Methods: is_empty,
NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV,
GvREFCNT,
FLAGS, GPFLAGS
B::IO Methods: LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS,
IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
B::AV Methods: FILL, MAX, ARRAY,
ARRAYelt,
OFF,
AvFLAGS
B::CV Methods: STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY,
CvFLAGS, const_sv,
NAME_HEK
B::HV Methods: FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT
OP-RELATED CLASSES
B::OP Methods: next, sibling, parent, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, flags, private, spare
B::UNOP Method: first
B::UNOP_AUX Methods (since 5.22): aux_list(cv), string(cv)
B::BINOP Method: last
B::LOGOP Method: other
B::LISTOP Method: children
B::PMOP Methods: pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmflags, extflags, precomp, pmoffset, code_list, pmregexp
B::SVOP Methods: sv, gv
B::PADOP Method: padix
B::PVOP Method: pv
B::LOOP Methods: redoop, nextop, lastop
B::COP Methods: label, stash, stashpv, stashoff (threaded only), file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io, hints, hints_hash
B::METHOP Methods (Since Perl 5.22): first, meth_sv
PAD-RELATED CLASSES
B::PADLIST Methods: MAX, ARRAY,
ARRAYelt,
NAMES, REFCNT,
id, outid
B::PADNAMELIST Methods: MAX, ARRAY,
ARRAYelt,
REFCNT
B::PADNAME Methods: PV, PVX, LEN, REFCNT, FLAGS, TYPE,
SvSTASH,
OURSTASH, PROTOCV, COP_SEQ_RANGE_LOW, COP_SEQ_RANGE_HIGH, PARENT_PAD_INDEX, PARENT_FAKELEX_FLAGS
$B::overlay

AUTHOR

B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLE

OPTIONS

Options for Opcode Ordering: -basic, -exec, -tree
Options for Line-Style: -concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env
Options for tree-specific formatting: -compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii
Options controlling sequence numbering: -basen, -bigendian, -littleendian
Other options: -src, -stash=``somepackage'', -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner, -banneris => subref
Option Stickiness

ABBREVIATIONS

OP class abbreviations
OP flags abbreviations

FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS

Special Patterns: (x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*), (?(text1#varText2)?), ~
# Variables: #var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel, #exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hints, #hintsval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt, #sibaddr, #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife, #typenum

One-Liner Command tips

perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'print _POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl -MB::Concise -e 'B::Concise::compile(``-exec'',``-src'', \%B::Concise::)->()'

Using B::Concise outside of the O framework

Example: Altering Concise Renderings
set_style()
set_style_standard($name)
add_style ()
add_callback ()
Running B::Concise::compile()
B::Concise::reset_sequence()
Errors

AUTHOR

B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR
LICENSE

B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-d, -f

FILE

, -l, -p, -P, -q, -s

LETTERS

, C, i

NUMBER

, T, v

STRING

., -x

LEVEL

USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE

Synopsis
Description
new
ambient_pragmas: strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits, %^H
coderef2text

BUGS

AUTHOR

B::Op_private -
OP
op_private flag definitions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

%bits
%defines
%labels
%ops_using

B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

OPTIONS

SEE ALSO

TODO

AUTHOR

B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: i, &, s, r
OPTIONS: "-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"
BUGS
AUTHOR

Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods: new, debug, iters
Standard Exports: timeit(
COUNT, CODE
), timethis (
COUNT, CODE,
[
TITLE,
[
STYLE
]] ), timethese (
COUNT, CODEHASHREF,
[
STYLE
] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
TIMEDIFF,
[
STYLE,
[
FORMAT
] ] )
Optional Exports: clearcache (
COUNT
), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese (
COUNT, CODEHASHREF,
[
STYLE
] ), cmpthese (
RESULTSHASHREF,
[
STYLE
] ), countit(
TIME, CODE
), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
:hireswallclock

Benchmark Object

cpu_p, cpu_c, cpu_a, real, iters

NOTES

EXAMPLES

INHERITANCE

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

MODIFICATION HISTORY

CORE -
Namespace for Perl's core routines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDING CORE FUNCTIONS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

CPAN -
query, download and build perl modules from
CPAN
sites

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CPAN::shell([$prompt, $command]) Starting Interactive Mode: Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, "get", "make", "test", "install", "clean" modules or distributions, "readme", "perldoc", "look" module or distribution, "ls" author, "ls" globbing_expression, "failed", Persistence between sessions, The "force" and the "fforce" pragma, Lockfile, Signals
CPAN::Shell
autobundle
hosts: install_tested, is_tested
mkmyconfig
r [Module|/Regexp/]...
recent ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
recompile
report Bundle|Distribution|Module
smoke ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
upgrade [Module|/Regexp/]...
The four CPAN::* Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
Integrating local directories
Redirection
Plugin support ***EXPERIMENTAL***

CONFIGURATION

completion support, displaying some help: o conf help, displaying current values: o conf [

KEY

], changing of scalar values: o conf

KEY VALUE,

changing of list values: o conf

KEY

Config Variables: "o conf <scalar option>", "o conf <scalar option> <value>", "o conf <list option>", "o conf <list option> [shift|pop]", "o conf <list option> [unshift|push|splice] <list>", interactive editing: o conf init [MATCH|LIST]
CPAN::anycwd($path): Note on config variable getcwd: cwd, getcwd, fastcwd, getdcwd, backtickcwd
Note on the format of the urllist parameter
The urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
Maintaining the urllist parameter
The requires and build_requires dependency declarations
Configuration for individual distributions (Distroprefs)
Filenames
Fallback Data::Dumper and Storable
Blueprint
Language Specs: comment [scalar], cpanconfig [hash], depends [hash] ***
EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE
***, disabled [boolean], features [array] ***
EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE
***, goto [string], install [hash], make [hash], match [hash], patches [array], pl [hash], test [hash]
Processing Instructions: args [array], commandline, eexpect [hash], env [hash], expect [array]
Schema verification with Kwalify
Example Distroprefs Files

PROGRAMMER 'S INTERFACE

expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples

Methods in the other Classes: CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::author, CPAN::Distribution::pretty_id(), CPAN::Distribution::base_id(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::prefs(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::reports(), CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(), CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::distribution(), CPAN::Module::dslip_status(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::available_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::available_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::reports(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
Cache Manager
Bundles

PREREQUISITES

UTILITIES

Finding packages and VERSION
Debugging: o debug package.., o debug -package.., o debug all, o debug number
Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
Basic Utilities for Programmers: has_inst($module), use_inst($module), has_usable($module), instance($module), frontend(), frontend($new_frontend)

SECURITY

Cryptographically signed modules

EXPORT

ENVIRONMENT

POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES

WORKING WITH CPAN .pm BEHIND FIREWALLS

Three basic types of firewalls: http firewall, ftp firewall, One-way visibility,
SOCKS, IP
Masquerade
Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall

FAQ

1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15), 16), 17), 18)

COMPATIBILITY

OLD PERL VERSIONS
CPANPLUS
CPANMINUS

SECURITY ADVICE

BUGS

AUTHOR

LICENSE

TRANSLATIONS

SEE ALSO

CPAN::API::HOWTO -
a recipe book for programming with
CPAN
.pm

RECIPES

What distribution contains a particular module?
What modules does a particular distribution contain?

SEE ALSO

LICENSE

AUTHOR

CPAN::Debug - internal debugging for
CPAN
.pm

LICENSE

CPAN::Distroprefs --- read and match distroprefs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

INTERFACE

a CPAN::Distroprefs::Result object, "undef", indicating that no prefs files remain to be found

RESULTS

Common
Errors
Successes

PREFS

LICENSE

CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

auto_commit, build_cache, build_dir, build_dir_reuse, build_requires_install_policy, cache_metadata, check_sigs, colorize_output, colorize_print, colorize_warn, colorize_debug, commandnumber_in_prompt, connect_to_internet_ok, ftp_passive, ftpstats_period, ftpstats_size, getcwd, halt_on_failure, histfile, histsize, inactivity_timeout, index_expire, inhibit_startup_message, keep_source_where, load_module_verbosity, makepl_arg, make_arg, make_install_arg, make_install_make_command, mbuildpl_arg, mbuild_arg, mbuild_install_arg, mbuild_install_build_command, pager, prefer_installer, prefs_dir, prerequisites_policy, randomize_urllist, recommends_policy, scan_cache, shell, show_unparsable_versions, show_upload_date, show_zero_versions, suggests_policy, tar_verbosity, term_is_latin, term_ornaments, test_report, perl5lib_verbosity, prefer_external_tar, trust_test_report_history, use_prompt_default, use_sqlite, version_timeout, yaml_load_code, yaml_module

LICENSE

CPAN::HandleConfig - internal configuration handling for
CPAN
.pm

CLASS->safe_quote ITEM
LICENSE

CPAN::Kwalify - Interface between
CPAN
.pm and Kwalify.pm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: _validate($schema_name, $data, $file, $doc), yaml($schema_name)
AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPAN::Meta - the distribution metadata for a
CPAN
dist

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
create
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
load_string
save
meta_spec_version
effective_prereqs
should_index_file
should_index_package
features
feature
as_struct
as_string

STRING DATA

LIST DATA

MAP DATA

CUSTOM DATA

BUGS

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHORS

CONTRIBUTORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Converter - Convert
CPAN
distribution metadata structures

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
convert
upgrade_fragment

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Feature - an optional feature provided by a
CPAN
distribution

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
identifier
description
prereqs

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::History - history of
CPAN
Meta Spec changes

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

HISTORY

Version 2
Version 1.4
Version 1.3
Version 1.2
Version 1.1
Version 1.0

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0 - Version 1.0 metadata specification for
META
.yml

PREFACE
DESCRIPTION
Format
Fields: name, version, license, perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted, restrictive, distribution_type, requires, recommends, build_requires, conflicts, dynamic_config, generated_by
Related Projects: DOAP
History

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1 - Version 1.1 metadata specification for
META
.yml

PREFACE

DESCRIPTION

Format

Fields

name, version, license, perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted, restrictive, license_uri, distribution_type, private, requires, recommends, build_requires, conflicts, dynamic_config, generated_by

Ingy's suggestions: short_description, description, maturity, author_id, owner_id, categorization, keyword, chapter_id,
URL
for further information, namespaces

History

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2 - Version 1.2 metadata specification for
META
.yml

PREFACE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FORMAT

TERMINOLOGY

distribution, module

VERSION SPECIFICATIONS

HEADER

FIELDS

meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license: perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted, restrictive
distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources: homepage, license, bugtracker
generated_by

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November 16, 2003, December 9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August 23, 2005

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3 - Version 1.3 metadata specification for
META
.yml

PREFACE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FORMAT

Module::Build design plans, Not keen on

YAML, META

Concerns

TERMINOLOGY

distribution, module

HEADER

FIELDS

meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license: apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive, unrestricted
distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources: homepage, license, bugtracker
generated_by

VERSION SPECIFICATIONS

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November 16, 2003, December 9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August 23, 2005

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4 - Version 1.4 metadata specification for
META
.yml

PREFACE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FORMAT

Module::Build design plans, Not keen on

YAML, META

Concerns

TERMINOLOGY

distribution, module

HEADER

FIELDS

meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license: apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive, unrestricted
distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
configure_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources: homepage, license, bugtracker
generated_by

VERSION SPECIFICATIONS

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November 16, 2003, December 9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August 23, 2005, June 12, 2007

CPAN::Meta::Merge - Merging
CPAN
Meta fragments

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
merge(@fragments)

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Prereqs - a set of distribution prerequisites by phase and type

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
requirements_for
with_merged_prereqs
merged_requirements
as_string_hash
is_finalized
finalize
clone

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Requirements - a set of version requirements for a
CPAN
dist

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
add_minimum
add_maximum
add_exclusion
exact_version
add_requirements
accepts_module
clear_requirement
requirements_for_module
required_modules
clone
is_simple
is_finalized
finalize
as_string_hash
add_string_requirement: >= 1.3, <= 1.3, != 1.3, > 1.3, < 1.3, >= 1.3, != 1.5, <= 2.0
from_string_hash

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHORS

CONTRIBUTORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Spec - specification for
CPAN
distribution metadata

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TERMINOLOGY

distribution, module, package, consumer, producer, must, should, may, etc

DATA TYPES

Boolean
String
List
Map
License String
URL
Version
Version Range

STRUCTURE

REQUIRED FIELDS: version, url, stable, testing, unstable
OPTIONAL FIELDS: file, directory, package, namespace, description, prereqs, file, version, homepage, license, bugtracker, repository
DEPRECATED FIELDS

VERSION NUMBERS

Version Formats: Decimal versions, Dotted-integer versions
Version Ranges

PREREQUISITES

Prereq Spec: configure, build, test, runtime, develop, requires, recommends, suggests, conflicts
Merging and Resolving Prerequisites

SERIALIZATION

NOTES FOR IMPLEMENTORS

Extracting Version Numbers from Perl Modules
Comparing Version Numbers
Prerequisites for dynamically configured distributions
Indexing distributions a la PAUSE

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Validator - validate
CPAN
distribution metadata structures

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
is_valid
errors
Check Methods
Validator Methods

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::YAML - Read and write a subset of
YAML
for
CPAN
Meta files

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SUPPORT

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

new(

LOCAL_FILE_NAME

)

continents()

countries( [

CONTINENTS

] )

mirrors( [

COUNTRIES

] )

get_mirrors_by_countries( [

COUNTRIES

] )

get_mirrors_by_continents( [

CONTINENTS

] )

get_countries_by_continents( [

CONTINENTS

] )

default_mirror

best_mirrors

get_n_random_mirrors_by_continents( N, [

CONTINENTS

] )

get_mirrors_timings(

MIRROR_LIST, SEEN, CALLBACK

);

find_best_continents(

HASH_REF

);

AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around
CPAN
.pm without using any
XS
module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

CPAN::Plugin - Base class for
CPAN
shell extensions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Alpha Status
How Plugins work?

METHODS

plugin_requires
distribution_object
distribution
distribution_info
build_dir
is_xs

AUTHOR

CPAN::Plugin::Specfile - Proof of concept implementation of a trivial CPAN::Plugin

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

AUTHOR

CPAN::Queue - internal queue support for
CPAN
.pm

LICENSE

CPAN::Tarzip - internal handling of tar archives for
CPAN
.pm

LICENSE

CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare
CPAN
versions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE

Carp - alternative warn and die for modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Forcing a Stack Trace
Stack Trace formatting

GLOBAL VARIABLES

$Carp::MaxEvalLen
$Carp::MaxArgLen
$Carp::MaxArgNums
$Carp::Verbose
$Carp::RefArgFormatter
@CARP_NOT
%Carp::Internal
%Carp::CarpInternal
$Carp::CarpLevel

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The struct() function
Class Creation at Compile Time
Element Types and Accessor Methods: Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'), Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name')
Initializing with new

EXAMPLES

Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

Author and Modification History

Compress::Raw::Bzip2 - Low-Level Interface to bzip2 compression library

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Compression

($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bzip2 $appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor;: $appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor
$status = $bz->bzdeflate($input, $output);
$status = $bz->bzflush($output);
$status = $bz->bzclose($output);
Example

Uncompression

($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bunzip2 $appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small, $verbosity, $limitOutput;: $appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small, $limitOutput, $verbosity
$status = $z->bzinflate($input, $output);

Misc

my $version = Compress::Raw::Bzip2::bzlibversion();

Constants

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate

($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [
OPT
] ): -Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary, -Bufsize, -AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32
$status = $d->deflate($input, $output)
$status = $d->flush($output [, $flush_type])
$status = $d->deflateReset()
$status = $d->deflateParams([
OPT
]): -Level, -Strategy, -BufSize
$status = $d->deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy, $nice_length, $max_chain)
$d->dict_adler()
$d->crc32()
$d->adler32()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
$d->get_Strategy()
$d->get_Level()
$d->get_BufSize()
Example

Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate

($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [
OPT
] ): -WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary, -AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32, -ConsumeInput, -LimitOutput
$status = $i->inflate($input, $output [,$eof])
$status = $i->inflateSync($input)
$status = $i->inflateReset()
$i->dict_adler()
$i->crc32()
$i->adler32()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
$d->get_BufSize()
Examples

CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS

Misc

my $version = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlib_version();
my $flags = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlibCompileFlags();

The LimitOutput option.

ACCESSING ZIP FILES

FAQ

Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
Zlib Library Version Support

CONSTANTS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1

GZIP INTERFACE

$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode), $gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode), $bytesread = $gz->gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;, $bytesread = $gz->gzreadline($line) ;, $byteswritten = $gz->gzwrite($buffer) ;, $status = $gz->gzflush($flush_type) ;, $offset = $gz->gztell() ;, $status = $gz->gzseek($offset, $whence) ;, $gz->gzclose, $gz->gzsetparams($level, $strategy, $level, $strategy, $gz->gzerror, $gzerrno

Examples
Compress::Zlib::memGzip
Compress::Zlib::memGunzip

COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS

$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;, $dest = uncompress($source) ;

Deflate Interface

($d, $status) = deflateInit( [
OPT
] ): -Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary, -Bufsize
($out, $status) = $d->deflate($buffer)
($out, $status) = $d->flush() =head2 ($out, $status) = $d->flush($flush_type)
$status = $d->deflateParams([
OPT
]): -Level, -Strategy
$d->dict_adler()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
Example

Inflate Interface

($i, $status) = inflateInit(): -WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary
($out, $status) = $i->inflate($buffer)
$status = $i->inflateSync($buffer)
$i->dict_adler()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
Example

CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS

Misc

my $version = Compress::Zlib::zlib_version();

CONSTANTS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Config - access Perl configuration information

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names), bincompat_options(), non_bincompat_options(), compile_date(), local_patches(), header_files()
EXAMPLE
WARNING
GLOSSARY
_

"_a", "_exe", "_o"

a

"afs", "afsroot", "alignbytes", "ansi2knr", "aphostname", "api_revision", "api_subversion", "api_version", "api_versionstring", "ar", "archlib", "archlibexp", "archname", "archname64", "archobjs", "asctime_r_proto", "awk"

b

"baserev", "bash", "bin", "bin_ELF", "binexp", "bison", "byacc", "byteorder"

c

"c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags", "ccdlflags", "ccflags", "ccflags_uselargefiles", "ccname", "ccsymbols", "ccversion", "cf_by", "cf_email", "cf_time", "charbits", "charsize", "chgrp", "chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm", "compress", "config_arg0", "config_argc", "config_args", "contains", "cp", "cpio", "cpp", "cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols", "cppflags", "cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin", "cppsymbols", "crypt_r_proto", "cryptlib", "csh", "ctermid_r_proto", "ctime_r_proto"

d

"d__fwalk", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_acosh", "d_aintl", "d_alarm", "d_archlib", "d_asctime64", "d_asctime_r", "d_asinh", "d_atanh", "d_atolf", "d_atoll", "d_attribute_deprecated", "d_attribute_format", "d_attribute_malloc", "d_attribute_nonnull", "d_attribute_noreturn", "d_attribute_pure", "d_attribute_unused", "d_attribute_warn_unused_result", "d_backtrace", "d_bcmp", "d_bcopy", "d_bsd", "d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp", "d_builtin_choose_expr", "d_builtin_expect", "d_bzero", "d_c99_variadic_macros", "d_casti32", "d_castneg", "d_cbrt", "d_charvspr", "d_chown", "d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_class", "d_clearenv", "d_closedir", "d_cmsghdr_s", "d_const", "d_copysign", "d_copysignl", "d_cplusplus", "d_crypt", "d_crypt_r", "d_csh", "d_ctermid", "d_ctermid_r", "d_ctime64", "d_ctime_r", "d_cuserid", "d_dbl_dig", "d_dbminitproto", "d_difftime", "d_difftime64", "d_dir_dd_fd", "d_dirfd", "d_dirnamlen", "d_dladdr", "d_dlerror", "d_dlopen", "d_dlsymun", "d_dosuid", "d_drand48_r", "d_drand48proto", "d_dup2", "d_eaccess", "d_endgrent", "d_endgrent_r", "d_endhent", "d_endhostent_r", "d_endnent", "d_endnetent_r", "d_endpent", "d_endprotoent_r", "d_endpwent", "d_endpwent_r", "d_endsent", "d_endservent_r", "d_eofnblk", "d_erf", "d_erfc", "d_eunice", "d_exp2", "d_expm1", "d_faststdio", "d_fchdir", "d_fchmod", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl", "d_fcntl_can_lock", "d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set", "d_fdim", "d_fds_bits", "d_fegetround", "d_fgetpos", "d_finite", "d_finitel", "d_flexfnam", "d_flock", "d_flockproto", "d_fma", "d_fmax", "d_fmin", "d_fork", "d_fp_class", "d_fp_classify", "d_fp_classl", "d_fpathconf", "d_fpclass", "d_fpclassify", "d_fpclassl", "d_fpgetround", "d_fpos64_t", "d_frexpl", "d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fsetpos", "d_fstatfs", "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync", "d_ftello", "d_ftime", "d_futimes", "d_Gconvert", "d_gdbm_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_gdbmndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_getaddrinfo", "d_getcwd", "d_getespwnam", "d_getfsstat", "d_getgrent", "d_getgrent_r", "d_getgrgid_r", "d_getgrnam_r", "d_getgrps", "d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname", "d_gethent", "d_gethname", "d_gethostbyaddr_r", "d_gethostbyname_r", "d_gethostent_r", "d_gethostprotos", "d_getitimer", "d_getlogin", "d_getlogin_r", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent", "d_getnameinfo", "d_getnbyaddr", "d_getnbyname", "d_getnent", "d_getnetbyaddr_r", "d_getnetbyname_r", "d_getnetent_r", "d_getnetprotos", "d_getpagsz", "d_getpbyname", "d_getpbynumber", "d_getpent", "d_getpgid", "d_getpgrp", "d_getpgrp2", "d_getppid", "d_getprior", "d_getprotobyname_r", "d_getprotobynumber_r", "d_getprotoent_r", "d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam", "d_getpwent", "d_getpwent_r", "d_getpwnam_r", "d_getpwuid_r", "d_getsbyname", "d_getsbyport", "d_getsent", "d_getservbyname_r", "d_getservbyport_r", "d_getservent_r", "d_getservprotos", "d_getspnam", "d_getspnam_r", "d_gettimeod", "d_gmtime64", "d_gmtime_r", "d_gnulibc", "d_grpasswd", "d_hasmntopt", "d_htonl", "d_hypot", "d_ilogb", "d_ilogbl", "d_inc_version_list", "d_index", "d_inetaton", "d_inetntop", "d_inetpton", "d_int64_t", "d_ip_mreq", "d_ip_mreq_source", "d_ipv6_mreq", "d_ipv6_mreq_source", "d_isascii", "d_isblank", "d_isfinite", "d_isfinitel", "d_isinf", "d_isinfl", "d_isnan", "d_isnanl", "d_isnormal", "d_j0", "d_j0l", "d_killpg", "d_lc_monetary_2008", "d_lchown", "d_ldbl_dig", "d_ldexpl", "d_lgamma", "d_lgamma_r", "d_libm_lib_version", "d_libname_unique", "d_link", "d_llrint", "d_llrintl", "d_llround", "d_llroundl", "d_localtime64", "d_localtime_r", "d_localtime_r_needs_tzset", "d_locconv", "d_lockf", "d_log1p", "d_log2", "d_logb", "d_longdbl", "d_longlong", "d_lrint", "d_lrintl", "d_lround", "d_lroundl", "d_lseekproto", "d_lstat", "d_madvise", "d_malloc_good_size", "d_malloc_size", "d_mblen", "d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc", "d_memchr", "d_memcmp", "d_memcpy", "d_memmove", "d_memset", "d_mkdir", "d_mkdtemp", "d_mkfifo", "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps", "d_mktime", "d_mktime64", "d_mmap", "d_modfl", "d_modfl_pow32_bug", "d_modflproto", "d_mprotect", "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc", "d_msg_dontroute", "d_msg_oob", "d_msg_peek", "d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget", "d_msghdr_s", "d_msgrcv", "d_msgsnd", "d_msync", "d_munmap", "d_mymalloc", "d_nan", "d_ndbm", "d_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_nearbyint", "d_nextafter", "d_nexttoward", "d_nice", "d_nl_langinfo", "d_nv_preserves_uv", "d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero", "d_off64_t", "d_old_pthread_create_joinable", "d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock", "d_open3", "d_pathconf", "d_pause", "d_perl_otherlibdirs", "d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_poll", "d_portable", "d_prctl", "d_prctl_set_name", "d_PRId64", "d_PRIeldbl", "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl", "d_PRIgldbl", "d_PRIGUldbl", "d_PRIi64", "d_printf_format_null", "d_PRIo64", "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64", "d_PRIXU64", "d_procselfexe", "d_pseudofork", "d_pthread_atfork", "d_pthread_attr_setscope", "d_pthread_yield", "d_ptrdiff_t", "d_pwage", "d_pwchange", "d_pwclass", "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire", "d_pwgecos", "d_pwpasswd", "d_pwquota", "d_qgcvt", "d_quad", "d_random_r", "d_re_comp", "d_readdir", "d_readdir64_r", "d_readdir_r", "d_readlink", "d_readv", "d_recvmsg", "d_regcmp", "d_regcomp", "d_remainder", "d_remquo", "d_rename", "d_rewinddir", "d_rint", "d_rmdir", "d_round", "d_safebcpy", "d_safemcpy", "d_sanemcmp", "d_sbrkproto", "d_scalbn", "d_scalbnl", "d_sched_yield", "d_scm_rights", "d_SCNfldbl", "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem", "d_semctl", "d_semctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget", "d_semop", "d_sendmsg", "d_setegid", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent", "d_setgrent_r", "d_setgrps", "d_sethent", "d_sethostent_r", "d_setitimer", "d_setlinebuf", "d_setlocale", "d_setlocale_r", "d_setnent", "d_setnetent_r", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid", "d_setpgrp", "d_setpgrp2", "d_setprior", "d_setproctitle", "d_setprotoent_r", "d_setpwent", "d_setpwent_r", "d_setregid", "d_setresgid", "d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid", "d_setruid", "d_setsent", "d_setservent_r", "d_setsid", "d_setvbuf", "d_shm", "d_shmat", "d_shmatprototype", "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget", "d_sigaction", "d_signbit", "d_sigprocmask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_sin6_scope_id", "d_sitearch", "d_snprintf", "d_sockaddr_in6", "d_sockaddr_sa_len", "d_sockatmark", "d_sockatmarkproto", "d_socket", "d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init", "d_sprintf_returns_strlen", "d_sqrtl", "d_srand48_r", "d_srandom_r", "d_sresgproto", "d_sresuproto", "d_stat", "d_statblks", "d_statfs_f_flags", "d_statfs_s", "d_static_inline", "d_statvfs", "d_stdio_cnt_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt", "d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase", "d_stdstdio", "d_strchr", "d_strcoll", "d_strctcpy", "d_strerrm", "d_strerror", "d_strerror_r", "d_strftime", "d_strlcat", "d_strlcpy", "d_strtod", "d_strtol", "d_strtold", "d_strtoll", "d_strtoq", "d_strtoul", "d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm", "d_suidsafe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall", "d_syscallproto", "d_sysconf", "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst", "d_system", "d_tcgetpgrp", "d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir", "d_telldirproto", "d_tgamma", "d_time", "d_timegm", "d_times", "d_tm_tm_gmtoff", "d_tm_tm_zone", "d_tmpnam_r", "d_trunc", "d_truncate", "d_truncl", "d_ttyname_r", "d_tzname", "d_u32align", "d_ualarm", "d_umask", "d_uname", "d_union_semun", "d_unordered", "d_unsetenv", "d_usleep", "d_usleepproto", "d_ustat", "d_vendorarch", "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib", "d_vendorscript", "d_vfork", "d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig", "d_voidtty", "d_volatile", "d_vprintf", "d_vsnprintf", "d_wait4", "d_waitpid", "d_wcscmp", "d_wcstombs", "d_wcsxfrm", "d_wctomb", "d_writev", "d_xenix", "date", "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "db_version_major", "db_version_minor", "db_version_patch", "direntrytype", "dlext", "dlsrc", "doublekind", "doublesize", "drand01", "drand48_r_proto", "dtrace", "dynamic_ext"

e

"eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs", "endgrent_r_proto", "endhostent_r_proto", "endnetent_r_proto", "endprotoent_r_proto", "endpwent_r_proto", "endservent_r_proto", "eunicefix", "exe_ext", "expr", "extensions", "extern_C", "extras"

f

"fflushall", "fflushNULL", "find", "firstmakefile", "flex", "fpossize", "fpostype", "freetype", "from", "full_ar", "full_csh", "full_sed"

g

"gccansipedantic", "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "getgrent_r_proto", "getgrgid_r_proto", "getgrnam_r_proto", "gethostbyaddr_r_proto", "gethostbyname_r_proto", "gethostent_r_proto", "getlogin_r_proto", "getnetbyaddr_r_proto", "getnetbyname_r_proto", "getnetent_r_proto", "getprotobyname_r_proto", "getprotobynumber_r_proto", "getprotoent_r_proto", "getpwent_r_proto", "getpwnam_r_proto", "getpwuid_r_proto", "getservbyname_r_proto", "getservbyport_r_proto", "getservent_r_proto", "getspnam_r_proto", "gidformat", "gidsign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "gmake", "gmtime_r_proto", "gnulibc_version", "grep", "groupcat", "groupstype", "gzip"

h

"h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat", "hostgenerate", "hostosname", "hostperl", "html1dir", "html1direxp", "html3dir", "html3direxp"

i

"i16size", "i16type", "i32size", "i32type", "i64size", "i64type", "i8size", "i8type", "i_arpainet", "i_assert", "i_bfd", "i_bsdioctl", "i_crypt", "i_db", "i_dbm", "i_dirent", "i_dlfcn", "i_execinfo", "i_fcntl", "i_fenv", "i_float", "i_fp", "i_fp_class", "i_gdbm", "i_gdbm_ndbm", "i_gdbmndbm", "i_grp", "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_langinfo", "i_libutil", "i_limits", "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_mallocmalloc", "i_math", "i_memory", "i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb", "i_neterrno", "i_netinettcp", "i_niin", "i_poll", "i_prot", "i_pthread", "i_pwd", "i_quadmath", "i_rpcsvcdbm", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow", "i_socks", "i_stdarg", "i_stdbool", "i_stddef", "i_stdint", "i_stdlib", "i_string", "i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir", "i_sysfile", "i_sysfilio", "i_sysin", "i_sysioctl", "i_syslog", "i_sysmman", "i_sysmode", "i_sysmount", "i_sysndir", "i_sysparam", "i_syspoll", "i_sysresrc", "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct", "i_syssockio", "i_sysstat", "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs", "i_systime", "i_systimek", "i_systimes", "i_systypes", "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysutsname", "i_sysvfs", "i_syswait", "i_termio", "i_termios", "i_time", "i_unistd", "i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_values", "i_varargs", "i_varhdr", "i_vfork", "ignore_versioned_solibs", "inc_version_list", "inc_version_list_init", "incpath", "incpth", "inews", "initialinstalllocation", "installarchlib", "installbin", "installhtml1dir", "installhtml3dir", "installman1dir", "installman3dir", "installprefix", "installprefixexp", "installprivlib", "installscript", "installsitearch", "installsitebin", "installsitehtml1dir", "installsitehtml3dir", "installsitelib", "installsiteman1dir", "installsiteman3dir", "installsitescript", "installstyle", "installusrbinperl", "installvendorarch", "installvendorbin", "installvendorhtml1dir", "installvendorhtml3dir", "installvendorlib", "installvendorman1dir", "installvendorman3dir", "installvendorscript", "intsize", "issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize", "ivtype"

k

"known_extensions", "ksh"

l

"ld", "ld_can_script", "lddlflags", "ldflags", "ldflags_uselargefiles", "ldlibpthname", "less", "lib_ext", "libc", "libperl", "libpth", "libs", "libsdirs", "libsfiles", "libsfound", "libspath", "libswanted", "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line", "lint", "lkflags", "ln", "lns", "localtime_r_proto", "locincpth", "loclibpth", "longdblkind", "longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp", "lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype"

m

"mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallocobj", "mallocsrc", "malloctype", "man1dir", "man1direxp", "man1ext", "man3dir", "man3direxp", "man3ext", "mips_type", "mistrustnm", "mkdir", "mmaptype", "modetype", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname", "mydomain", "myhostname", "myuname"

n

"n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type", "netdb_host_type", "netdb_name_type", "netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt", "nm_so_opt", "nonxs_ext", "nroff", "nv_overflows_integers_at", "nv_preserves_uv_bits", "nveformat", "nvEUformat", "nvfformat", "nvFUformat", "nvgformat", "nvGUformat", "nvsize", "nvtype"

o

"o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_joinable", "optimize", "orderlib", "osname", "osvers", "otherlibdirs"

p

"package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel", "path_sep", "perl", "perl5"

P

"PERL_API_REVISION", "PERL_API_SUBVERSION", "PERL_API_VERSION", "PERL_CONFIG_SH", "PERL_PATCHLEVEL", "perl_patchlevel", "PERL_REVISION", "perl_static_inline", "PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VERSION", "perladmin", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg", "phostname", "pidtype", "plibpth", "pmake", "pr", "prefix", "prefixexp", "privlib", "privlibexp", "procselfexe", "prototype", "ptrsize"

q

"quadkind", "quadtype"

r

"randbits", "randfunc", "random_r_proto", "randseedtype", "ranlib", "rd_nodata", "readdir64_r_proto", "readdir_r_proto", "revision", "rm", "rm_try", "rmail", "run", "runnm"

s

"sched_yield", "scriptdir", "scriptdirexp", "sed", "seedfunc", "selectminbits", "selecttype", "sendmail", "setgrent_r_proto", "sethostent_r_proto", "setlocale_r_proto", "setnetent_r_proto", "setprotoent_r_proto", "setpwent_r_proto", "setservent_r_proto", "sGMTIME_max", "sGMTIME_min", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang", "shmattype", "shortsize", "shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count", "sig_name", "sig_name_init", "sig_num", "sig_num_init", "sig_size", "signal_t", "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebinexp", "sitehtml1dir", "sitehtml1direxp", "sitehtml3dir", "sitehtml3direxp", "sitelib", "sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp", "siteman1dir", "siteman1direxp", "siteman3dir", "siteman3direxp", "siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sitescript", "sitescriptexp", "sizesize", "sizetype", "sleep", "sLOCALTIME_max", "sLOCALTIME_min", "smail", "so", "sockethdr", "socketlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spitshell", "sPRId64", "sPRIeldbl", "sPRIEUldbl", "sPRIfldbl", "sPRIFUldbl", "sPRIgldbl", "sPRIGUldbl", "sPRIi64", "sPRIo64", "sPRIu64", "sPRIx64", "sPRIXU64", "srand48_r_proto", "srandom_r_proto", "src", "sSCNfldbl", "ssizetype", "st_ino_sign", "st_ino_size", "startperl", "startsh", "static_ext", "stdchar", "stdio_base", "stdio_bufsiz", "stdio_cnt", "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr", "stdio_stream_array", "strerror_r_proto", "strings", "submit", "subversion", "sysman", "sysroot"

t

"tail", "tar", "targetarch", "targetdir", "targetenv", "targethost", "targetmkdir", "targetport", "targetsh", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl", "timetype", "tmpnam_r_proto", "to", "touch", "tr", "trnl", "troff", "ttyname_r_proto"

u

"u16size", "u16type", "u32size", "u32type", "u64size", "u64type", "u8size", "u8type", "uidformat", "uidsign", "uidsize", "uidtype", "uname", "uniq", "uquadtype", "use5005threads", "use64bitall", "use64bitint", "usecbacktrace", "usecrosscompile", "usedevel", "usedl", "usedtrace", "usefaststdio", "useithreads", "usekernprocpathname", "uselargefiles", "uselongdouble", "usemallocwrap", "usemorebits", "usemultiplicity", "usemymalloc", "usenm", "usensgetexecutablepath", "useopcode", "useperlio", "useposix", "usequadmath", "usereentrant", "userelocatableinc", "useshrplib", "usesitecustomize", "usesocks", "usethreads", "usevendorprefix", "useversionedarchname", "usevfork", "usrinc", "uuname", "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype", "uvuformat", "uvxformat", "uvXUformat"

v

"vaproto", "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "vendorbinexp", "vendorhtml1dir", "vendorhtml1direxp", "vendorhtml3dir", "vendorhtml3direxp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem", "vendorlibexp", "vendorman1dir", "vendorman1direxp", "vendorman3dir", "vendorman3direxp", "vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp", "vendorscript", "vendorscriptexp", "version", "version_patchlevel_string", "versiononly", "vi"

x

"xlibpth"

y

"yacc", "yaccflags"

z

"zcat", "zip"

GIT DATA
NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: dynamic, nonxs, static
AUTHOR

Config::Perl::V - Structured data retrieval of perl -V output

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$conf = myconfig ()
$conf = plv2hash ($text [, ...])
$info = summary ([$conf])
$md5 = signature ([$conf])
The hash structure: build, osname, stamp, options, derived, patches, environment, config, inc

REASONING

BUGS

TODO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

getcwd and friends: getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
abs_path and friends: abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
$ENV{ PWD }

NOTES

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

DB -
programmatic interface to the Perl debugging
API

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Global Variables

 $DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,  @DB::args, 
@DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname, 
$DB::lineno

API Methods

CLIENT-

>register(),

CLIENT-

>evalcode(

STRING

CLIENT-

>skippkg('D::hide'),

CLIENT-

>run(),

CLIENT-

>step(),

CLIENT-

>next(),

CLIENT-

>done()

Client Callback Methods

CLIENT-

>init(),

CLIENT-

>prestop([

STRING

]),

CLIENT-

>stop(),

CLIENT-

>idle(),

CLIENT-

>poststop([

STRING

]),

CLIENT-

>evalcode(

STRING

CLIENT-

>cleanup(),

CLIENT-

>output(

LIST

)

BUGS

AUTHOR

DBM_Filter --- Filter
DBM
keys/values

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

What is a DBM Filter?

So what's new?

METHODS

$db->Filter_Push() / $db->Filter_Key_Push() / $db->Filter_Value_Push(): Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
$db->Filter_Pop()
$db->Filtered()

Writing a Filter

Immediate Filters
Canned Filters: ``name'', params

Filters Included

utf8, encode, compress, int32, null

NOTES

Maintain Round Trip Integrity
Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.

EXAMPLE

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley
DB
version 1.x

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DB_HASH

DB_BTREE

DB_RECNO

Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
Interface to Berkeley DB
Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
Default Parameters
In Memory Databases

DB_HASH

A Simple Example

DB_BTREE

Changing the BTREE sort order
Handling Duplicate Keys
The get_dup() Method
The find_dup() Method
The del_dup() Method
Matching Partial Keys

DB_RECNO

The 'bval' Option
A Simple Example
Extra RECNO Methods: $X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift, $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length, elements);
Another Example

THE API INTERFACE

$status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;

DBM FILTERS

filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example --- the NULL termination problem.
Another Example --- Key is a C int.

HINTS AND TIPS

Locking: The Trouble with fd
Safe ways to lock a database: Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock
Sharing Databases With C Applications
The untie() Gotcha

COMMON QUESTIONS

Why is there Perl source in my database?
How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
What does Invalid Argument mean?
What does Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed mean?

REFERENCES

HISTORY

BUGS

AVAILABILITY

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and eval

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods: PACKAGE
->new(
ARRAYREF
[,
ARRAYREF
]), $OBJ->Dump or
PACKAGE
->Dump(
ARRAYREF
[,
ARRAYREF
]), $OBJ->Seen([
HASHREF
]), $OBJ->Values([
ARRAYREF
]), $OBJ->Names([
ARRAYREF
]), $OBJ->Reset
Functions: Dumper(
LIST
)
Configuration Variables or Methods
Exports: Dumper

EXAMPLES

BUGS

NOTE

AUTHOR

VERSION

SEE ALSO

Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Why use ppport.h?
How to use ppport.h
Running ppport.h

FUNCTIONS

WriteFile
GetFileContents

COMPATIBILITY

Provided Perl compatibility API
Perl API not supported by ppport.h: perl 5.21.8, perl 5.21.7, perl 5.21.6, perl 5.21.5, perl 5.21.4, perl 5.21.2, perl 5.21.1, perl 5.19.10, perl 5.19.9, perl 5.19.7, perl 5.19.4, perl 5.19.3, perl 5.19.2, perl 5.19.1, perl 5.18.0, perl 5.17.9, perl 5.17.8, perl 5.17.7, perl 5.17.6, perl 5.17.4, perl 5.17.2, perl 5.15.9, perl 5.15.8, perl 5.15.7, perl 5.15.6, perl 5.15.4, perl 5.15.1, perl 5.14.0, perl 5.13.10, perl 5.13.8, perl 5.13.7, perl 5.13.6, perl 5.13.5, perl 5.13.3, perl 5.13.2, perl 5.13.1, perl 5.11.5, perl 5.11.4, perl 5.11.2, perl 5.11.1, perl 5.11.0, perl 5.10.1, perl 5.10.0, perl 5.9.5, perl 5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004, perl 5.003_07

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the
XS
programmer

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Runtime debugging
Memory footprint debugging

EXAMPLES

A simple scalar string
A simple scalar number
A simple scalar with an extra reference
A reference to a simple scalar
A reference to an array
A reference to a hash
Dumping a large array or hash
A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
A reference to a subroutine

EXPORTS

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Digest - Modules that calculate message digests

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: binary, hex, base64
OO INTERFACE: $ctx = Digest->
XXX
($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(
XXX
=> $arg,...), $ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, $ctx->add( $data ), $ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
Digest speed
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the
MD5
Algorithm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS: md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
METHODS: $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest, @ctx = $md5->context, $md5->context(@ctx)
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHORS

Digest::SHA - Perl extension for
SHA-1/224/256/384/512

SYNOPSIS
SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
UNICODE AND SIDE EFFECTS
NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
PADDING OF BASE64 DIGESTS
EXPORT
EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS: sha1($data, ...), sha224($data, ...), sha256($data, ...), sha384($data, ...), sha512($data, ...), sha512224($data, ...), sha512256($data, ...), sha1_hex($data, ...), sha224_hex($data, ...), sha256_hex($data, ...), sha384_hex($data, ...), sha512_hex($data, ...), sha512224_hex($data, ...), sha512256_hex($data, ...), sha1_base64($data, ...), sha224_base64($data, ...), sha256_base64($data, ...), sha384_base64($data, ...), sha512_base64($data, ...), sha512224_base64($data, ...), sha512256_base64($data, ...), new($alg), reset($alg), hashsize, algorithm, clone, add($data, ...), add_bits($data, $nbits), add_bits($bits), addfile(*FILE), addfile($filename [, $mode]), getstate, putstate($str), dump($filename), load($filename), digest, hexdigest, b64digest, hmac_sha1($data, $key), hmac_sha224($data, $key), hmac_sha256($data, $key), hmac_sha384($data, $key), hmac_sha512($data, $key), hmac_sha512224($data, $key), hmac_sha512256($data, $key), hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha256_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512256_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512224_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512256_base64($data, $key)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Digest::base - Digest base class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Digest::file - Calculate digests of files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] )
SEE ALSO

DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Creation: "arrayDepth", "hashDepth", "compactDump", "veryCompact", "globPrint", "dumpDBFiles", "dumpPackages", "dumpReused", "tick", "quoteHighBit", "printUndef", "usageOnly", unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal
Methods: dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get

DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, $dl_dlext, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
AUTHOR

Encode - character encodings in Perl

SYNOPSIS

Table of Contents: Encode::Alias - Alias definitions to encodings, Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class, Encode::Supported - List of Supported Encodings, Encode::CN - Simplified Chinese Encodings, Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings, Encode::KR - Korean Encodings, Encode::TW - Traditional Chinese Encodings

DESCRIPTION

TERMINOLOGY

THE PERL ENCODING API

Basic methods
Listing available encodings
Defining Aliases
Finding IANA Character Set Registry names

Encoding via PerlIO

Handling Malformed Data

List of CHECK values: perlqq mode (
CHECK
= Encode::FB_PERLQQ),
HTML
charref mode (
CHECK
= Encode::FB_HTMLCREF),
XML
charref mode (
CHECK
= Encode::FB_XMLCREF)
coderef for CHECK

Defining Encodings

The UTF8 flag

Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:

Messing with Perl's Internals

UTF-8 vs. utf8 vs. UTF8

SEE ALSO

MAINTAINER

COPYRIGHT

Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.:

Alias overloading

SEE ALSO

Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::CJKConstants --- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*

Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::CN::HZ --- internally used by Encode::CN

Encode::Config --- internally used by Encode

Encode::EBCDIC -
EBCDIC
Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoder --- Object Oriented Encoder

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

Description

Predefined Methods: $e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding])
Example: base64 transcoder
Operator Overloading

SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods you should implement: ->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]), ->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings: ->name, ->mime_name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()
Example: Encode::ROT13

Why the heck Encode API is different?

Compiled Encodings

SEE ALSO

Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

Encode::GSM0338 ---
ESTI GSM 03.38
Encoding

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::Guess --- Guesses encoding from data

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION: Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode(``Guess'' ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects])
CAVEATS
TO DO
SEE ALSO

Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
Note on ISO-2022-JP (-1)?
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::JP::H2Z --- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*

Encode::JP::JIS7 --- internally used by Encode::JP

Encode::KR - Korean Encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::KR::2022_KR --- internally used by Encode::KR

Encode::MIME::Header ---
MIME
'B' and 'Q' header encoding

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME --- internally used by Encode

SEE ALSO

Encode::PerlIO --- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO

Overview

How does it work?

Line Buffering

How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?

SEE ALSO

Encode::Supported --- Encodings supported by Encode

DESCRIPTION

Encoding Names

Supported Encodings

Built-in Encodings
Encode::Unicode --- other Unicode encodings
Encode::Byte --- Extended ASCII: ISO-8859
and corresponding vendor mappings,
KOI8 -
De Facto Standard for the Cyrillic world
gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1: gsm0338 support before 2.19
CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte): Encode::CN --- Continental China, Encode::JP --- Japan, Encode::KR --- Korea, Encode::TW --- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra --- More Chinese via
CPAN,
Encode::JIS2K ---
JIS X 0213
encodings via
CPAN
Miscellaneous encodings: Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess

Unsupported encodings

  ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings

Encoding vs. Charset --- terminology

Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)

Microsoft-related naming mess: KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312,
Big5, Shift_JIS

Glossary

character repertoire, coded character set (

CCS

), character encoding scheme (

CES

), charset (in

MIME

context),

EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2,

Unicode,

UTF, UTF-16

See Also

References

ECMA, ECMA-035

(eq "ISO-2022"),

IANA,

Assigned Charset Names by

IANA, ISO, RFC, UC,

Unicode Glossary

Other Notable Sites: czyborra.com,
CJK
.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul
FAQ,
debian.org: ``Introduction to i18n''
Offline sources: "CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde

Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode --- Various Unicode Transformation Formats

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

<www.unicode.org/glossary> says:, Quick Reference

Size, Endianness, and BOM

by size
by endianness: BOM
as integer when fetched in network byte order

Surrogate Pairs

Error Checking

SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode::UTF7 ---
UTF-7
encoding

SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
In Practice
SEE ALSO

English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PERFORMANCE

Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR

Errno - System errno constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Exporter - Implements default import method for modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

How to Export
Selecting What to Export
How to Import: "use YourModule;", "use YourModule ();", "use YourModule qw(...);"

Advanced Features

Specialised Import Lists
Exporting Without Using Exporter's import Method
Exporting Without Inheriting from Exporter
Module Version Checking
Managing Unknown Symbols
Tag Handling Utility Functions
Generating Combined Tags
AUTOLOADed Constants

Good Practices

Declaring @EXPORT_OK and Friends
Playing Safe
What Not to Export

SEE ALSO

LICENSE

Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: new, have_compiler, have_cplusplus, compile, "object_file", "include_dirs", "extra_compiler_flags", "C++", link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags, link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink, need_prelink, extra_link_args_after_prelink
TO DO
HISTORY
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows platforms

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common
UNIX
commands in Makefiles etc.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

cat

eqtime

rm_rf

rm_f

touch

chmod

mkpath

test_f

test_d

dos2unix

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the
MM
's to use in Makefiles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: test_harness

pod2man

warn_if_old_packlist

perllocal_install

uninstall

test_s

cp_nonempty

ExtUtils::Constant - generate
XS
code to import C header constants

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE: IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
FUNCTIONS

constant_types

XS_constant

PACKAGE, TYPES, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

autoload

PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER

WriteMakefileSnippet

WriteConstants

ATTRIBUTE

VALUE

[, ...],

NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, PROXYSUBS, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE

header

memEQ_clause args_hashref

dump_names arg_hashref,

ITEM..

assign arg_hashref,

VALUE..

return_clause arg_hashref,

ITEM

switch_clause arg_hashref,

NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..

params

WHAT

dogfood arg_hashref,

ITEM..

normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items,

ITEM..

C_constant arg_hashref,

ITEM..,

name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight

BUGS
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE: C_stringify
NAME

perl_stringify

NAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::XS - generate C code for
XS
modules' constants.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C
++
applications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@EXPORT
FUNCTIONS: xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION: _chmod($$;$), _warnonce(@), _choke(@)

_move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )

_unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )

Functions: _get_install_skip

_have_write_access

_can_write_dir($dir)

_mkpath($dir,$show,$verbose,$dry_run)

_copy($from,$to,$verbose,$dry_run)

_chdir($from)

install

_do_cleanup

install_rooted_file( $file ), install_rooted_dir( $dir )

forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )

directory_not_empty( $dir )

install_default

DISCOURAGED

uninstall

inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$dry_run,$ignore,$results)

run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)

pm_to_blib

_autosplit

_invokant

ENVIRONMENT: PERL_INSTALL_ROOT
,
EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP
,
EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE
,
EU_INSTALL_ALWAYS_COPY
AUTHOR
LICENSE

ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
METHODS: new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), packlist(), version()
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For dynamic extensions at load time

EXTRALIBS
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
BSLOADLIBS

PORTABILITY

VMS implementation
Win32 implementation

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM -
OS
adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_AIX -
AIX
specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic
MM
methods

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Cross-platform helper methods

Targets

Init methods

Tools

File::Spec wrappers

Misc

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

init_linker

ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: os_flavor

cflags

replace_manpage_separator

init_linker

maybe_command

dynamic_lib

all_target

ExtUtils::MM_DOS -
DOS
specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods: os_flavor

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Darwin - special behaviors for
OS X

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overriden Methods

ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

init_platform, platform_constants

const_cccmd

static_lib

dynamic_lib

ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: init_dist

init_linker

os_flavor

ExtUtils::MM_QNX -
QNX
specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods: os_flavor

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Methods: os_flavor

c_o (o)

cflags (o)

const_cccmd (o)

const_config (o)

const_loadlibs (o)

constants (o)

depend (o)

init_DEST

init_dist

dist (o)

dist_basics (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

dist_target

tardist_target

zipdist_target

tarfile_target

zipfile_target

uutardist_target

shdist_target

dlsyms (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

exescan

extliblist

find_perl

fixin

force (o)

guess_name

has_link_code

init_dirscan

init_MANPODS

init_MAN1PODS

init_MAN3PODS

init_PM

init_DIRFILESEP

init_main

init_tools

init_linker

init_lib2arch

init_PERL

init_platform, platform_constants

init_PERM

init_xs

install (o)

installbin (o)

linkext (o)

lsdir

macro (o)

makeaperl (o)

makefile (o)

maybe_command

needs_linking (o)

parse_abstract

parse_version

pasthru (o)

perl_script

perldepend (o)

pm_to_blib

post_constants (o)

post_initialize (o)

postamble (o)

ppd

prefixify

processPL (o)

quote_paren

replace_manpage_separator

oneliner

quote_literal

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

static (o)

static_lib (o)

staticmake (o)

subdir_x (o)

subdirs (o)

test (o)

test_via_harness (override)

test_via_script (override)

tool_xsubpp (o)

all_target

top_targets (o)

writedoc

xs_c (o)

xs_cpp (o)

xs_o (o)

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods always loaded: wraplist

Methods

guess_name (override)

find_perl (override)

_fixin_replace_shebang (override)

maybe_command (override)

pasthru (override)

pm_to_blib (override)

perl_script (override)

replace_manpage_separator

init_DEST

init_DIRFILESEP

init_main (override)

init_tools (override)

init_platform (override)

platform_constants

init_VERSION (override)

constants (override)

special_targets

cflags (override)

const_cccmd (override)

tools_other (override)

init_dist (override)

c_o (override)

xs_c (override)

xs_o (override)

dlsyms (override)

dynamic_lib (override)

static_lib (override)

extra_clean_files

zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target

install (override)

perldepend (override)

makeaperl (override)

maketext_filter (override)

prefixify (override)

oneliner

echo

quote_literal

escape_dollarsigns

escape_all_dollarsigns

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

init_linker

catdir (override), catfile (override)

eliminate_macros

fixpath

os_flavor

is_make_type (override)

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_VOS -
VOS
specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods: dlsyms

replace_manpage_separator

maybe_command

init_DIRFILESEP

init_tools

init_others

init_platform, platform_constants

constants

special_targets

static_lib

dynamic_lib

extra_clean_files

init_linker

perl_script

quote_dep

xs_o

pasthru

arch_check (override)

oneliner

max_exec_len

os_flavor

cflags

ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods: xs_c

xs_cpp

xs_o

max_exec_len

os_flavor

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

How To Write A Makefile.PL

Default Makefile Behaviour

make test

make testdb

make install

INSTALL_BASE

PREFIX and LIB attribute

AFS users

Static Linking of a new Perl Binary

Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations

Which architecture dependent directory?

Using Attributes and Parameters

ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, BUILD_REQUIRES, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, CONFIGURE_REQUIRES, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DLEXT, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE, MAGICXS, MAKE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, META_ADD, META_MERGE, MIN_PERL_VERSION, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_MYMETA, NO_PACKLIST, NO_PERLLOCAL, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_DIR, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PPM_UNINSTALL_EXEC, PPM_UNINSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TEST_REQUIRES, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

Additional lowercase attributes

clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, test, tool_autosplit

Overriding MakeMaker Methods

The End Of Cargo Cult Programming

"MAN3PODS => ' '"

Hintsfile support

Distribution Support

   make distcheck,    make skipcheck,    make distclean,    make veryclean,
   make manifest,    make distdir,   make disttest,    make tardist,   
make dist,    make uutardist,    make shdist,    make zipdist,    make ci

Module Meta-Data ( META and MYMETA )

Disabling an extension

Other Handy Functions

prompt

Supported versions of Perl

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

LICENSE

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker

DESCRIPTION

Module Installation: How do I install a module into my home directory?, How do I get MakeMaker and Module::Build to install to the same place?, How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without installing it?,
PREFIX
vs
INSTALL_BASE
from Module::Build::Cookbook
Common errors and problems: ``No rule to make target `/usr/lib/perl5/CORE/config.h', needed by `Makefile'''
Philosophy and History: Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
Module Writing: How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's this
META
.yml thing and how did it get in my
MANIFEST
?!, How do I delete everything not in my
MANIFEST
?, Which tar should I use on Windows?, Which zip should I use on Windows for '[nd]make zipdist'?
XS: How do I prevent ``object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter Y.YY'' errors?, How do I make two or more
XS
files coexist in the same directory?

PATCHING

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale - bundled Encode::Locale

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

decode_argv( ), decode_argv( Encode::FB_CROAK ), env( $uni_key ), env( $uni_key => $uni_value ), reinit( ), reinit( $encoding ), $ENCODING_LOCALE, $ENCODING_LOCALE_FS, $ENCODING_CONSOLE_IN, $ENCODING_CONSOLE_OUT

NOTES

Windows
Mac OS X
POSIX (Linux and other Unixes)

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The Mantra
The Layout: Makefile.PL,
MANIFEST,
lib/, t/, Changes,
README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
bin/

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a
MANIFEST
file

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions: mkmanifest

manifind

manicheck

filecheck

fullcheck

skipcheck

maniread

maniskip

manicopy

maniadd

MANIFEST
MANIFEST.SKIP: #!include_default, #!include /Path/to/another/manifest.skip
EXPORT_OK
GLOBAL VARIABLES
DIAGNOSTICS: "Not in MANIFEST:" file, "Skipping" file, "No such file:" file, "MANIFEST:" $!, "Added to MANIFEST:" file
ENVIRONMENT: PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

ExtUtils::Miniperl - write the C code for perlmain.c

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
AUTHOR
REVISION: mkfh()

__find_relocations

ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
FUNCTIONS: new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl
XS
code into C code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
METHODS: $pxs->new(), $pxs->process_file(), C
++
, hiertype, except, typemap, prototypes, versioncheck, linenumbers, optimize, inout, argtypes, s, $pxs->report_error_count()
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants - Initialization values for some globals

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval - Clean package to evaluate code in

SYNOPSIS

SUBROUTINES

$pxs->eval_output_typemap_code($typemapcode, $other_hashref)

$pxs->eval_input_typemap_code($typemapcode, $other_hashref)

TODO

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities - Subroutines used with ExtUtils::ParseXS

SYNOPSIS

SUBROUTINES

standard_typemap_locations(): Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

trim_whitespace()

Purpose, Argument, Return Value

C_string()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

valid_proto_string()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

process_typemaps()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

map_type()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

standard_XS_defs()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

assign_func_args()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

analyze_preprocessor_statements()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

set_cond()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

current_line_number()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

Warn()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

blurt()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

death()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

check_conditional_preprocessor_statements()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

escape_file_for_line_directive()

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

report_typemap_failure

Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

ExtUtils::Typemaps - Read/Write/Modify Perl/XS typemap files

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
file
add_typemap
add_inputmap
add_outputmap
add_string
remove_typemap
remove_inputmap
remove_inputmap
get_typemap
get_inputmap
get_outputmap
write
as_string
as_embedded_typemap
merge
is_empty
list_mapped_ctypes
_get_typemap_hash
_get_inputmap_hash
_get_outputmap_hash
_get_prototype_hash
clone
tidy_type
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd - Quick commands for handling typemaps

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORTED FUNCTIONS

embeddable_typemap

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap - Entry in the
INPUT
section of a typemap

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap - Entry in the
OUTPUT
section of a typemap

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
targetable
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type - Entry in the
TYPEMAP
section of a typemap

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
proto
xstype
ctype
tidy_ctype
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::XSSymSet - keep sets of symbol names palatable to the
VMS
linker

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: new([$maxlen[,$silent]]), addsym($name[,$maxlen[,$silent]]), trimsym($name[,$maxlen[,$silent]]), delsym($name), get_orig($trimmed), get_trimmed($name), all_orig(), all_trimmed()
AUTHOR
REVISION

ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Fatal - Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die

SYNOPSIS
BEST PRACTICE
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS: Bad subroutine name for Fatal: %s, %s is not a Perl subroutine, %s is neither a builtin, nor a Perl subroutine, Cannot make the non-overridable %s fatal, Internal error: %s
BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
EXPORTED SYMBOLS

File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

"fileparse"

"basename"

"dirname"

"fileparse_set_fstype"

SEE ALSO

File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RETURN
AUTHOR

File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: copy , move , syscopy , rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
RETURN
AUTHOR

File::DosGlob -
DOS
like globbing and then some

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS (by request only)
BUGS
AUTHOR
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS: $ff->uri, $ff->scheme, $ff->host, $ff->vol, $ff->share, $ff->path, $ff->file, $ff->file_default

$ff->output_file

METHODS

$ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'some.where.com/dir/file.txt );

$where = $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/ | \$scalar] )

$ff->error([ BOOL ])

HOW IT WORKS

GLOBAL VARIABLES

$File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL
$File::Fetch::USER_AGENT
$File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE
$File::Fetch::TIMEOUT
$File::Fetch::WARN
$File::Fetch::DEBUG
$File::Fetch::BLACKLIST
$File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL

MAPPING

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?
I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!
Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII characters in them. What do I do?

TODO

Implement $PREFER_BIN

BUG REPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

find, finddepth

%options: "wanted", "bydepth", "preprocess", "postprocess", "follow", "follow_fast", "follow_skip", "dangling_symlinks", "no_chdir", "untaint", "untaint_pattern", "untaint_skip"
The wanted function: $File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the current filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the complete pathname to the file

WARNINGS

CAVEAT

$dont_use_nlink, symlinks

BUGS AND CAVEATS

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

File::Glob - Perl extension for
BSD
glob routine

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

META CHARACTERS
EXPORTS
POSIX FLAGS: "GLOB_ERR", "GLOB_LIMIT", "GLOB_MARK", "GLOB_NOCASE", "GLOB_NOCHECK", "GLOB_NOSORT", "GLOB_BRACE", "GLOB_NOMAGIC", "GLOB_QUOTE", "GLOB_TILDE", "GLOB_CSH", "GLOB_ALPHASORT"

DIAGNOSTICS

"GLOB_NOSPACE", "GLOB_ABEND"

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Behind The Scenes
Limitations
Input File Glob: ~, ~user, ., *, ?, \, [], {,}, ()
Output File Glob: ``*'', #1
Returned Data

EXAMPLES

A Rename script
A few example globmaps

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

File::Path - Create or remove directory trees

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

make_path( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), make_path( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \%opts ), mode => $num, verbose => $bool, error => \$err, owner => $owner, user => $owner, uid => $owner, group => $group, mkpath( $dir ), mkpath( $dir, $verbose, $mode ), mkpath( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $mode ), mkpath( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt ), remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \%opts ), verbose => $bool, safe => $bool, keep_root => $bool, result => \$res, error => \$err, rmtree( $dir ), rmtree( $dir, $verbose, $safe ), rmtree( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $safe ), rmtree( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt )

ERROR HANDLING: NOTE:
NOTES

DIAGNOSTICS

mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (

SEVERE

), No root path(s) specified, No such file or directory, cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot stat initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg], directory [dir] changed before chdir, expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (

FATAL

), cannot make directory [dir] read+writeable: [errmsg], cannot read [dir]: [errmsg], cannot reset chmod [dir]: [errmsg], cannot remove [dir] when cwd is [dir], cannot chdir to [parent-dir] from [child-dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (

FATAL

), cannot stat prior working directory [dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (

FATAL

), previous directory [parent-dir] changed before entering [child-dir], expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (

FATAL

), cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg], cannot remove directory [dir]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]: [errmsg], cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg], cannot unlink file [file]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg], unable to map [owner] to a uid, ownership not changed");, unable to map [group] to a gid, group ownership not changed

SEE ALSO

BUGS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: canonpath , catdir , catfile , curdir , devnull , rootdir , tmpdir , updir , no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path , join , splitpath , splitdir
, catpath(), abs2rel , rel2abs()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath

file_name_is_absolute

tmpdir (override)

case_tolerant

COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Exports

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac
OS
(Classic)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: canonpath

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

file_name_is_absolute

path

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

abs2rel

rel2abs

AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::OS2 - methods for
OS/2
file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: tmpdir, splitpath
COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: canonpath()

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

no_upwards

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

path

join

splitpath

splitdir

catpath()

abs2rel

rel2abs()

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::VMS - methods for
VMS
file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath (override)

catdir (override)

catfile (override)

curdir (override)

devnull (override)

rootdir (override)

tmpdir (override)

updir (override)

case_tolerant (override)

path (override)

file_name_is_absolute (override)

splitpath (override)

splitdir (override)

catpath (override)

abs2rel (override)

rel2abs (override)

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: devnull

tmpdir

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

catfile

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

PORTABILITY

OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE

new, newdir, filename, dirname, unlink_on_destroy,

DESTROY

FUNCTIONS

tempfile, tempdir

MKTEMP FUNCTIONS

mkstemp, mkstemps, mkdtemp, mktemp

POSIX FUNCTIONS

tmpnam, tmpfile

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

tempnam

UTILITY FUNCTIONS

unlink0, cmpstat, unlink1, cleanup

PACKAGE VARIABLES

safe_level,

STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH,

TopSystemUID, $KEEP_ALL, $DEBUG

WARNING

Temporary files and NFS
Forking
Directory removal
Taint mode
BINMODE

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHOR

CONTRIBUTORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
ERRORS: -%s is not implemented on a File::stat object
WARNINGS: File::stat ignores use filetest 'access', File::stat ignores
VMS
ACLs
NOTE
AUTHOR

FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: cacheout
EXPR,
cacheout
MODE, EXPR
CAVEATS
BUGS

FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
SEE ALSO

Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The Problem
A Solution
Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
All-in-one interface
Filtering only specific components of source code: "code", "code_no_comments", "executable", "executable_no_comments", "quotelike", "string", "regex", "all"
Filtering only the code parts of source code
Using Filter::Simple with an explicit import subroutine
Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
How it works

AUTHOR

CONTACT

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

use Filter::Util::Call
import()
filter_add()
filter() and anonymous sub: $_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del, real_import

EXAMPLES

Example 1: A simple filter.
Example 2: Using the context
Example 3: Using the context within the filter
Example 4: Using filter_del

Filter::Simple

AUTHOR

DATE

LICENSE

FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
KNOWN ISSUES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Command Line Options, an Introduction

Getting Started with Getopt::Long

Simple options
A little bit less simple options
Mixing command line option with other arguments
Options with values
Options with multiple values
Options with hash values
User-defined subroutines to handle options
Options with multiple names
Case and abbreviations
Summary of Option Specifications: !, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], : + [ desttype ]

Advanced Possibilities

Object oriented interface
Thread Safety
Documentation and help texts
Parsing options from an arbitrary array
Parsing options from an arbitrary string
Storing options values in a hash
Bundling
The lonesome dash
Argument callback

Configuring Getopt::Long

default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)

Exportable Methods

VersionMessage, "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-output", HelpMessage

Return values and Errors

Legacy

Default destinations
Alternative option starters
Configuration variables

Tips and Techniques

Pushing multiple values in a hash option

Troubleshooting

GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied
GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
How do I put a -? option into a Getopt::Long?

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches with switch clustering

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
--help and --version

HTTP::Tiny - A small, simple, correct
HTTP/1.1
client

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new
get|head|put|post|delete
post_form
mirror
request
www_form_urlencode

SSL SUPPORT

PROXY SUPPORT

LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHORS

CONTRIBUTORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Restricted hashes: lock_keys, unlock_keys

lock_keys_plus

lock_value, unlock_value

lock_hash, unlock_hash

lock_hash_recurse, unlock_hash_recurse

hashref_locked, hash_locked

hashref_unlocked, hash_unlocked

legal_keys, hidden_keys, all_keys, hash_seed, hash_value, bucket_info, bucket_stats, bucket_array

bucket_stats_formatted

hv_store, hash_traversal_mask

Operating on references to hashes.: lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value, unlock_ref_value, lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse, unlock_hashref_recurse, hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys
CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes

SYNOPSIS

FUNCTIONS

id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes

DESCRIPTION

The Inside-out Technique
Problems of Inside-out
Solutions
More Problems
The Generic Object
How to use Field Hashes
Garbage-Collected Hashes

EXAMPLES

"init()", "first()", "last()", "name()", "Name_hash", "Name_id", "Name_idhash", "Name_id_reg", "Name_idhash_reg", "Name_fieldhash"

Example 1
Example 2

GUTS

The PERL_MAGIC_uvar interface for hashes
Weakrefs call uvar magic
How field hashes work
Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

the function is_language_tag($lang1)

the function extract_language_tags($whatever)

the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)

the function super_languages($lang1)

the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)

the function encode_language_tag($lang1)

the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)

the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)

the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )

ABOUT LOWERCASING
ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
ENVIRONMENT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::List --- tags and names for human languages

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
LIST OF LANGUAGES: {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
AUTHOR

I18N::Langinfo - query locale information

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO -
load various
IO
modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DEPRECATED

IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Bzip2 - Write bzip2 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

bzip2 $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "BlockSize100K => number", "WorkFactor => number", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([ OPTS ])

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Deflate - Write
RFC 1950
files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

deflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Merge => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([ OPTS ])
deflateParams

Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES

Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::FAQ --- Frequently Asked Questions about IO::Compress

DESCRIPTION

GENERAL

Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
How do I recompress using a different compression?

ZIP

What Compression Types do IO::Compress::Zip & IO::Uncompress::Unzip support?: Store (method 0), Deflate (method 8), Bzip2 (method 12), Lzma (method 14)
Can I Read/Write Zip files larger the 4 Gig?
Can I write more that 64K entries is a Zip files?
Zip Resources

GZIP

Gzip Resources
Dealing with Concatenated gzip files

ZLIB

Zlib Resources

Bzip2

Bzip2 Resources
Dealing with Concatenated bzip2 files
Interoperating with Pbzip2

HTTP & NETWORK

Apache::GZip Revisited
Compressed files and Net::FTP

MISC

Using InputLength to uncompress data embedded in a larger file/buffer.

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Gzip - Write
RFC 1952
files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

gzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Merge => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Minimal => 0|1", "Comment => $comment", "Name => $string", "Time => $number", "TextFlag => 0|1", "HeaderCRC => 0|1", "OS_Code => $value", "ExtraField => $data", "ExtraFlags => $value", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([ OPTS ])
deflateParams

Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES

Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write
RFC 1951
files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

rawdeflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Merge => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([ OPTS ])
deflateParams

Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES

Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

zip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Name => $string", "CanonicalName => 0|1", "FilterName => sub { ... }", "Time => $number", "ExtAttr => $attr", "exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime]", "exUnix2 => [$uid, $gid]", "exUnixN => [$uid, $gid]", "Comment => $comment", "ZipComment => $comment", "Method => $method", "Stream => 0|1", "Zip64 => 0|1", "TextFlag => 0|1", "ExtraFieldLocal => $data", "ExtraFieldCentral => $data", "Minimal => 1|0", "BlockSize100K => number", "WorkFactor => number", "Preset => number", "Extreme => 0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([ OPTS ])
deflateParams

Importing

:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method

EXAMPLES

Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: new ( [
DIRNAME
] ), open (
DIRNAME
), read (), seek (
POS
), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir',
DIRNAME
[,
OPTIONS
]
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new (
FILENAME
[,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
METHODS: open(
FILENAME
[,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open(
FILENAME, IOLAYERS
), binmode( [
LAYER
] )
NOTE
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new (), new_from_fd (
FD, MODE
)
METHODS: $io->fdopen (
FD, MODE
), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc (
ORD
), $io->write (
BUF, LEN
[,
OFFSET
] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush (
ARGS
), $io->blocking ( [
BOOL
] ), $io->untaint
NOTE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
HISTORY

IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
READER, WRITER
] )
METHODS: reader ([
ARGS
]), writer ([
ARGS
]), handles ()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: mask (
IO
[,
EVENT_MASK
] ), poll ( [
TIMEOUT
] ), events (
IO
), remove (
IO
), handles( [
EVENT_MASK
] )
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek (
POS, WHENCE
), WHENCE=0 (
SEEK_SET
), WHENCE=1 (
SEEK_CUR
), WHENCE=2 (
SEEK_END
), $io->sysseek(
POS, WHENCE
), $io->tell
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Select -
OO
interface to the select system call

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
HANDLES
] )
METHODS: add (
HANDLES
), remove (
HANDLES
), exists (
HANDLE
), handles, can_read ( [
TIMEOUT
] ), can_write ( [
TIMEOUT
] ), has_exception ( [
TIMEOUT
] ), count (), bits(), select (
READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION
[,
TIMEOUT
] )
EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
ARGS
] )
METHODS: accept([
PKG
]), socketpair(
DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL
), atmark, connected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(
OPT
[,
VAL
]), getsockopt(
LEVEL, OPT
), setsockopt(
LEVEL, OPT, VAL
), socktype, timeout([
VAL
])
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
AF_INET
domain sockets

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [

ARGS

] )

METHODS: sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::IP, IO::Socket::IP - Family-neutral
IP
socket supporting both IPv4 and IPv6

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

REPLACING IO::Socket DEFAULT BEHAVIOUR

CONSTRUCTORS

$sock = IO::Socket::IP->new( %args )

PeerHost =>

STRING,

PeerService =>

STRING,

PeerAddr =>

STRING,

PeerPort =>

STRING,

PeerAddrInfo =>

ARRAY,

LocalHost =>

STRING,

LocalService =>

STRING,

LocalAddr =>

STRING,

LocalPort =>

STRING,

LocalAddrInfo =>

ARRAY,

Family =>

INT,

Type =>

INT,

Proto =>

STRING

INT,

GetAddrInfoFlags =>

INT,

Listen =>

INT,

ReuseAddr =>

BOOL,

ReusePort =>

BOOL,

Broadcast =>

BOOL,

V6Only =>

BOOL,

MultiHomed, Blocking =>

BOOL,

Timeout =>

NUM

$sock = IO::Socket::IP->new( $peeraddr )

METHODS

( $host, $service ) = $sock->sockhost_service( $numeric )

$addr = $sock->sockhost

$port = $sock->sockport

$host = $sock->sockhostname

$service = $sock->sockservice

$addr = $sock->sockaddr

( $host, $service ) = $sock->peerhost_service( $numeric )

$addr = $sock->peerhost

$port = $sock->peerport

$host = $sock->peerhostname

$service = $sock->peerservice

$addr = $peer->peeraddr

$inet = $sock->as_inet

NON-BLOCKING

PeerHost AND LocalHost PARSING

( $host, $port ) = IO::Socket::IP->split_addr( $addr )

$addr = IO::Socket::IP->join_addr( $host, $port )

IO::Socket::INET INCOMPATIBILITES

TODO

AUTHOR

IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
AF_UNIX
domain sockets

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
ARGS
] )
METHODS: hostpath(), peerpath()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

RFC 1950, RFC 1951

(optionally), gzip (

RFC 1952

), zip

Functional Interface

anyinflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "RawInflate => 0|1", "ParseExtra => 0|1" If the gzip
FEXTRA
header field is present and this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure as defined in
RFC 1952
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop file/buffer

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

RFC 1950, RFC 1951

(optionally), gzip (

RFC 1952

), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf, lzma, xz

Functional Interface

anyuncompress $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "RawInflate => 0|1", "UnLzma => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2 - Read bzip2 files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

bunzip2 $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "Small => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read
RFC 1952
files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

gunzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1", "ParseExtra => 0|1" If the gzip
FEXTRA
header field is present and this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field structure as defined in
RFC 1952
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo: Name, Comment
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read
RFC 1950
files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

inflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read
RFC 1951
files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

rawinflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Working with Net::FTP

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functional Interface

unzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS ]: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference, An Output FileGlob
Notes
Optional Parameters: "AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"
Examples

OO Interface

Constructor: A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference
Constructor Options: "Name => "membername"", "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1"
Examples

Methods

read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData

Importing

:all

EXAMPLES

Working with Net::FTP
Walking through a zip file
Unzipping a complete zip file to disk

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

MODIFICATION HISTORY

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Zlib -
IO::
style interface to Compress::Zlib

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
ARGS
] )
OBJECT METHODS: open (
FILENAME, MODE
), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print (
ARGS...
), read (
BUF, NBYTES,
[
OFFSET
] ), eof, seek (
OFFSET, WHENCE
), tell, setpos (
POS
), getpos (
POS
)
USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
CLASS METHODS: has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open, gzip_write_open
DIAGNOSTICS: IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context, IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open: needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ:
NBYTES
must be specified, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long
LENGTH
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Cmd - finding and running system commands made easy

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CLASS METHODS

$ipc_run_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_run( [ VERBOSE ] )

$ipc_open3_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_open3( [ VERBOSE ] )

$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer

$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_run_forked

FUNCTIONS

$path = can_run( PROGRAM );

$ok | ($ok, $err, $full_buf, $stdout_buff, $stderr_buff) = run( command => COMMAND, [verbose => BOOL, buffer => \$SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT ] );

command, verbose, buffer, timeout, success, error message, full_buffer, out_buffer, error_buffer

$hashref = run_forked( COMMAND, { child_stdin => SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT, stdout_handler => CODEREF, stderr_handler => CODEREF } );

"timeout", "child_stdin", "stdout_handler", "stderr_handler", "discard_output", "terminate_on_parent_sudden_death", "exit_code", "timeout", "stdout", "stderr", "merged", "err_msg"

$q = QUOTE

HOW IT WORKS

Global Variables

$IPC::Cmd::VERBOSE
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_OPEN3
$IPC::Cmd::WARN
$IPC::Cmd::INSTANCES
$IPC::Cmd::ALLOW_NULL_ARGS

Caveats

Whitespace and IPC::Open3 / system(), Whitespace and IPC::Run,

Redirect, Interleaving

STDOUT/STDERR

See Also

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

BUG REPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IPC::Msg - SysV Msg
IPC
object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: new (
KEY , FLAGS
), id, rcv (
BUF, LEN
[,
TYPE
[,
FLAGS
]] ), remove, set (
STAT
), set (
NAME
=>
VALUE
[,
NAME
=>
VALUE ...
] ), snd (
TYPE, MSG
[,
FLAGS
] ), stat
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Open2 - open a process for both reading and writing using open2()

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
SEE ALSO

IPC::Open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling using open3()

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
See Also: IPC::Open2, IPC::Run
WARNING

IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore
IPC
object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: new (
KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS
), getall, getncnt (
SEM
), getpid (
SEM
), getval (
SEM
), getzcnt (
SEM
), id, op (
OPLIST
), remove, set (
STAT
), set (
NAME
=>
VALUE
[,
NAME
=>
VALUE ...
] ), setall (
VALUES
), setval ( N ,
VALUE
), stat
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SharedMem - SysV Shared Memory
IPC
object class

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: new (
KEY , SIZE , FLAGS
), id, read (
POS, SIZE
), write (
STRING, POS, SIZE
), remove, is_removed, stat, attach ( [
FLAG
] ), detach, addr
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV - System V
IPC
constants and system calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: ftok(
PATH
), ftok(
PATH, ID
), shmat(
ID, ADDR, FLAG
), shmdt(
ADDR
), memread(
ADDR, VAR, POS, SIZE
), memwrite(
ADDR, STRING, POS, SIZE
)
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

JSON::PP - JSON::XS
compatible pure-Perl module.

SYNOPSIS

VERSION

NOTE

DESCRIPTION

FEATURES: correct unicode handling, round-trip integrity, strict checking of
JSON
correctness

FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE

encode_json
decode_json
JSON::PP::is_bool
JSON::PP::true
JSON::PP::false
JSON::PP::null

HOW DO I DECODE A DATA FROM OUTER AND ENCODE TO OUTER

METHODS

new
ascii
latin1
utf8
pretty
indent
space_before
space_after
relaxed: list items can have an end-comma, shell-style '#'-comments
canonical
allow_nonref
allow_unknown
allow_blessed
convert_blessed
filter_json_object
filter_json_single_key_object
shrink
max_depth
max_size
encode
decode
decode_prefix

INCREMENTAL PARSING

incr_parse
incr_text
incr_skip
incr_reset

JSON::PP OWN METHODS

allow_singlequote
allow_barekey
allow_bignum
loose
escape_slash
indent_length
sort_by

INTERNAL

PP_encode_box, PP_decode_box

MAPPING

JSON - > PERL: object, array, string, number, true, false, null
PERL - > JSON: hash references, array references, other references, JSON::PP::true, JSON::PP::false, JSON::PP::null, blessed objects, simple scalars, Big Number

UNICODE HANDLING ON PERLS

Perl 5.8 and later
Perl 5.6
Perl 5.005

TODO

speed, memory saving

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

JSON::PP::Boolean - dummy module providing JSON::PP::Boolean

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

LIST-REDUCTION FUNCTIONS

$result = reduce { BLOCK } @list

any

all

none

notall

first

max

maxstr

min

minstr

product

sum

sum0

KEY/VALUE PAIR LIST FUNCTIONS

pairgrep

pairfirst

pairmap

pairs

pairkeys

pairvalues

OTHER FUNCTIONS

shuffle

KNOWN BUGS

RT #95409

SUGGESTED ADDITIONS

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

List::Util::XS - Indicate if List::Util was compiled with a C compiler

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes - a distribution of modules to handle locale codes

DESCRIPTION: Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Country, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Language, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Currency, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Script, Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::Constants, Locale::Codes::Country_codes, Locale::Codes::Language_codes, Locale::Codes::Currency_codes, Locale::Codes::Script_codes, Locale::Codes::LangExt_codes, Locale::Codes::LangVar_codes, Locale::Codes::LangFam_codes
NEW CODE SETS: General-use code set, An official source of data, A free source of the data, A reliable source of data
COMMON ALIASES
DEPRECATED CODES
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes::API, Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes::Changes
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::API - a description of the callable function in each module

DESCRIPTION
ROUTINES: code2XXX (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired'] ), XXX2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired'] ), XXX_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_XXX_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired'] ), all_XXX_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired'] )
SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES: MODULE::rename_XXX (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), MODULE::delete_XXX (
CODE
[,CODESET] ),
MODULE::add_XXX_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), MODULE::delete_XXX_alias (
NAME
), MODULE::rename_XXX_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), MODULE::delete_XXX_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS: Relationship between code sets, Non-ASCII characters not supported
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Changes - details changes to Locale::Codes

SYNOPSIS
VERSION 3.37 (planned 2015-12-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.36 (planned 2015-09-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.35 (planned 2015-06-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.34 (2015-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.33 (2014-12-01; sbeck): Filled out
LOCALE_LANG_TERM
codeset, Moved repository to GitHub
VERSION 3.32 (2014-09-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.31 (2014-06-01; sbeck): Bug fixes
VERSION 3.30 (2014-03-04; sbeck): alias_code remove date set, Bug fixes
VERSION 3.29 (2014-01-27; sbeck): ISO 3166
country codes improved, Bug fixes
VERSION 3.28 (2013-12-02; sbeck)
VERSION 3.27 (2013-09-03; sbeck): *
FIPS-10
country codes removed
VERSION 3.26 (2013-06-03; sbeck): Documentation fixes
VERSION 3.25 (2013-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.24 (2012-12-03; sbeck): Syria alias,
FIPS-10
country codes deprecated, Domain country codes now come from
ISO 3166
VERSION 3.23 (2012-09-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.22 (2012-06-01; sbeck): Updated perl version required, Sorted deprecated codes
VERSION 3.21 (2012-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.20 (2011-12-01; sbeck): Added limited support for deprecated codes, Fixed capitalization, Pod tests off by default, Codesets may be specified by name, alias_code deprecated, Code cleanup, Added LangFam module
VERSION 3.18 (2011-08-31; sbeck): No longer use
CIA
data
VERSION 3.17 (2011-06-28; sbeck): Added new types of codes, Added new codeset(s), Bug fixes, Reorganized code
VERSION 3.16 (2011-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.15 (2010-12-02; sbeck): Minor fixes
VERSION 3.14 (2010-09-28; sbeck): Bug fixes
VERSION 3.13 (2010-06-04; sbeck)
VERSION 3.12 (2010-04-06; sbeck): Reorganized code
VERSION 3.11 (2010-03-01; sbeck): Added new codeset(s), Bug fixes
VERSION 3.10 (2010-02-18; sbeck): Reorganized code, (!) Changed XXX_code2code behavior slightly, Added many semi-private routines, New aliases
VERSION 3.01 (2010-02-15; sbeck): Fixed Makefile.PL and Build.PL
VERSION 3.00 (2010-02-10; sbeck): (*) New maintainer, (*) (!) All codes are generated from standards, Added new codeset(s), (*) (!) Locale::Script changed, Added missing functions, (!) Dropped support for _alias_code, (!) All functions return the standard value, (!) rename_country function altered
VERSION 2.07 (2004-06-10; neilb)
VERSION 2.06 (2002-07-15; neilb)
VERSION 2.05 (2002-07-08; neilb)
VERSION 2.04 (2002-05-23; neilb)
VERSION 2.03 (2002-03-24; neilb)
VERSION 2.02 (2002-03-09; neilb)
VERSION 2.01 (2002-02-18; neilb)
VERSION 2.00 (2002-02-17; neilb)
VERSION 1.06 (2001-03-04; neilb)
VERSION 1.05 (2001-02-13; neilb)
VERSION 1.04 (2000-12-21; neilb)
VERSION 1.03 (2000-12-??; neilb)
VERSION 1.02 (2000-05-04; neilb)
VERSION 1.00 (1998-03-09; neilb)
VERSION 0.003 (1997-05-09; neilb)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Constants - constants for Locale codes

DESCRIPTION
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Country - standard codes for country identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha-2,
LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_2
, alpha-3,
LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_3
, numeric,
LOCALE_CODE_NUMERIC
, dom,
LOCALE_CODE_DOM
ROUTINES: code2country (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), country2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), country_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_country_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_country_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::Country::rename_country (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::add_country (
CODE
,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::add_country_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Codes::Country::rename_country_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::add_country_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), alias_code (
ALIAS, CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::SubCountry, www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm, www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_t able.htm, www.iana.org/domains/root/db, unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm, www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/prin t_appendix-d.html, www.statoids.com/wab.html
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Currency - standard codes for currency identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha,
LOCALE_CURR_ALPHA
, num,
LOCALE_CURR_NUMERIC
ROUTINES: code2currency (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), currency2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), currency_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_currency_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_currency_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::Currency::rename_currency (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency_alias (
NAME
),
Locale::Codes::Currency::rename_currency_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.iso.org/iso/support/currency_codes_list-1.htm
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangExt - standard codes for language extension identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha
ROUTINES: code2langext (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), langext2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), langext_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_langext_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_langext_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::LangExt::rename_langext (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext (
CODE
,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Codes::LangExt::rename_langext_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam - standard codes for language extension identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha
ROUTINES: code2langfam (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), langfam2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), langfam_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_langfam_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_langfam_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam (
CODE
,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/id.php
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired - retired langfam codes for the Locale::Codes::LangFam module

SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangVar - standard codes for language variation identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha
ROUTINES: code2langvar (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), langvar2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), langvar_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_langvar_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_langvar_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::LangVar::rename_langvar (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar (
CODE
,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Codes::LangVar::rename_langvar_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Language - standard codes for language identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha-2,
LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_2
, alpha-3,
LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_3
, term,
LOCALE_LANG_TERM
ROUTINES: code2language (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), language2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), language_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_language_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_language_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::Language::rename_language (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::add_language (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::add_language_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language_alias (
NAME
),
Locale::Codes::Language::rename_language_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::add_language_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2, www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5, www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Script - standard codes for script identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha,
LOCALE_SCRIPT_ALPHA
, num,
LOCALE_SCRIPT_NUMERIC
ROUTINES: code2script (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), script2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), script_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_script_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_script_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Codes::Script::rename_script (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::add_script (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::add_script_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Codes::Script::rename_script_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::add_script_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.unicode.org/iso15924, www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Country - standard codes for country identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha-2,
LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_2
, alpha-3,
LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_3
, numeric,
LOCALE_CODE_NUMERIC
, dom,
LOCALE_CODE_DOM
ROUTINES: code2country (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), country2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), country_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_country_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_country_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Country::rename_country (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::add_country (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::delete_country (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::add_country_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Country::delete_country_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Country::rename_country_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ),
Locale::Country::add_country_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Country::delete_country_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), alias_code (
ALIAS, CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::SubCountry, www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm, www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_t able.htm, www.iana.org/domains/root/db, unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm, www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/prin t_appendix-d.html, www.statoids.com/wab.html
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Currency - standard codes for currency identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha,
LOCALE_CURR_ALPHA
, num,
LOCALE_CURR_NUMERIC
ROUTINES: code2currency (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), currency2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), currency_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_currency_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_currency_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Currency::rename_currency (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::add_currency (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::delete_currency (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::add_currency_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
),
Locale::Currency::delete_currency_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Currency::rename_currency_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::add_currency_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Currency::delete_currency_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.iso.org/iso/support/currency_codes_list-1.htm
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Language - standard codes for language identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha-2,
LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_2
, alpha-3,
LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_3
, term,
LOCALE_LANG_TERM
ROUTINES: code2language (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), language2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), language_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_language_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_language_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Language::rename_language (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::add_language (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::delete_language (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::add_language_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
),
Locale::Language::delete_language_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Language::rename_language_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::add_language_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Language::delete_language_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2, www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5, www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Maketext - framework for localization

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

QUICK OVERVIEW

METHODS

Construction Methods
The maketext Method: $lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(
PARAM
), $lh->failure_handler_auto
Utility Methods: $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), $language->numf($number), $language->numerate($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), $language->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
Language Handle Attributes and Internals

LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES

ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON

BRACKET NOTATION

AUTO LEXICONS

READONLY LEXICONS

CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE

HOW TO USE MAKETEXT

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

AUTHOR

Locale::Maketext::Cookbook - recipes for using Locale::Maketext

INTRODUCTION
ONESIDED LEXICONS
DECIMAL PLACES IN NUMBER FORMATTING

Locale::Maketext::Guts - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Locale::Maketext::Simple - Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

Class
Path
Style
Export
Subclass
Decode
Encoding

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

The MIT License

Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 --- article about software localization

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes

A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
The Linguistic View
Breaking gettext
Replacing gettext
Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
Buzzword: Isomorphism
Buzzword: Inheritance
Buzzword: Concision
The Devil in the Details
The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
References

Locale::Script - standard codes for script identification

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS: alpha,
LOCALE_SCRIPT_ALPHA
, num,
LOCALE_SCRIPT_NUMERIC
ROUTINES: code2script (
CODE
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), script2code (
NAME
[,CODESET] [,'retired']), script_code2code (
CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2
), all_script_codes ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), all_script_names ( [
CODESET
] [,'retired']), Locale::Script::rename_script (
CODE ,NEW_NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script (
CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::delete_script (
CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script_alias (
NAME ,NEW_NAME
), Locale::Script::delete_script_alias (
NAME
), Locale::Script::rename_script_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script_code_alias (
CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::delete_script_code_alias (
CODE
[,CODESET] )
SEE ALSO: Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, www.unicode.org/iso15924, www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: encode_base64( $bytes ), encode_base64( $bytes, $eol );, decode_base64( $str ), encode_base64url( $bytes ), decode_base64url( $str ), encoded_base64_length( $bytes ), encoded_base64_length( $bytes, $eol ), decoded_base64_length( $str )
EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: encode_qp( $str), encode_qp( $str, $eol), encode_qp( $str, $eol, $binmode ), decode_qp( $str )
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Input
Output
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
Accuracy vs. Precision
Rounding: ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )

METHODS

accuracy(), precision(), bexp(), bnok(), bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan2(), batan(), bmuladd()

Autocreating constants

Math library
Using Math::BigInt::Lite

EXPORTS

CAVEATS

stringify, bstr(), bdiv(), brsft(), Modifying and =, bpow(), precision() vs. accuracy()

BUGS

SUPPORT

RT: CPAN

's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated

CPAN

documentation,

CPAN

Ratings, Search

CPAN, CPAN

Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Input
Output

METHODS

config(), accuracy(), precision(), brsft(), new(), from_oct(), from_hex(), from_bin(), bnan(), bzero(), binf(), bone(), is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf(), is_pos()/is_neg()/is_positive()/is_negative(), is_odd()/is_even()/is_int(), bcmp(), bacmp(), sign(), digit(), bneg(), babs(), bsgn(), bnorm(), bnot(), binc(), bdec(), badd(), bsub(), bmul(), bmuladd(), bdiv(), bmod(), bmodinv(), bmodpow(), bpow(), blog(), bexp(), bnok(), bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan2(), batan(), blsft(), brsft(), band(), bior(), bxor(), bnot(), bsqrt(), broot(), bfac(), round(), bround(), bfround(), bfloor(), bceil(), bint(), bgcd(), blcm(), length(), exponent(), mantissa(), parts(), copy(), as_int()/as_number(), bstr(), bsstr(), as_hex(), as_bin(), as_oct(), numify(), modify(), upgrade()/downgrade(), div_scale(), round_mode()

ACCURACY and PRECISION

Precision P
Accuracy A
Fallback F
Rounding mode R: 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', 'common', Precision, Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks

Infinity and Not a Number

oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()

INTERNALS

MATH LIBRARY
SIGN
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()

EXAMPLES

Autocreating constants

PERFORMANCE

Alternative math libraries

SUBCLASSING

Subclassing Math::BigInt

UPGRADING

Auto-upgrade: bsqrt(), div(), blog(), bexp()

EXPORTS

CAVEATS

bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length(), bdiv(), infinity handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt(), brsft()

BUGS

SUPPORT

RT: CPAN

's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated

CPAN

documentation,

CPAN

Ratings, Search

CPAN, CPAN

Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

THE Math::BigInt API

General Notes
API version 1: api_version(), _new(
STR
), _zero(), _one(), _two(), _ten(), _from_bin(
STR
), _from_oct(
STR
), _from_hex(
STR
), _add(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _mul(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _div(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _sub(
OBJ1, OBJ2, FLAG
), _sub(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _dec(
OBJ
), _inc(
OBJ
), _mod(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _sqrt(
OBJ
), _root(
OBJ, N
), _fac(
OBJ
), _pow(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _modinv(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _modpow(
OBJ1, OBJ2, OBJ3
), _rsft(
OBJ, N, B
), _lsft(
OBJ, N, B
), _log_int(
OBJ, B
), _gcd(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _and(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _or(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _xor(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _is_zero(
OBJ
), _is_one(
OBJ
), _is_two(
OBJ
), _is_ten(
OBJ
), _is_even(
OBJ
), _is_odd(
OBJ
), _acmp(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _str(
OBJ
), _as_bin(
OBJ
), _as_oct(
OBJ
), _as_hex(
OBJ
), _num(
OBJ
), _copy(
OBJ
), _len(
OBJ
), _zeros(
OBJ
), _digit(
OBJ, N
), _check(
OBJ
)
API version 2: _1ex(N), _nok(
OBJ1, OBJ2
), _alen(
OBJ
)
API optional methods: _signed_or(
OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2
), _signed_and(
OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2
), _signed_xor(
OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2
)

WRAP YOUR OWN

BUGS

SUPPORT

RT: CPAN

's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated

CPAN

documentation,

CPAN

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LICENSE

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: __emu_bxor, __emu_band, __emu_bior
BUGS
SUPPORT: RT: CPAN
's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated
CPAN
documentation,
CPAN
Ratings, Search
CPAN, CPAN
Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some
XS
for more speed

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
STORAGE
METHODS
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MATH LIBRARY

METHODS

new()
numerator()
denominator()
parts()
numify()
as_int()/as_number()
as_float()
as_hex()
as_bin()
as_oct()
from_hex()/from_bin()/from_oct()
length()
digit()
bnorm()
bfac()
bround()/round()/bfround()
bmod()
bneg()
is_one()
is_zero()
is_pos()/is_positive()
is_neg()/is_negative()
is_int()
is_odd()
is_even()
bceil()
bfloor()
bsqrt()
broot()
badd()/bmul()/bsub()/bdiv()/bdec()/binc()
copy()
bstr()/bsstr()
bacmp()/bcmp()
blsft()/brsft()
bpow()
bexp()
bnok()
config()
objectify()

BUGS

SUPPORT

RT: CPAN

's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated

CPAN

documentation,

CPAN

Ratings, Search

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Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPERATIONS

CREATION

DISPLAYING

CHANGED IN PERL 5.6

USAGE

CONSTANTS

PI
Inf

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO

ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

LICENSE

Math::Trig - trigonometric functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

tan

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
SIMPLE ( REAL ) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS

PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS

deg2rad, grad2rad, rad2deg, grad2deg, deg2grad, rad2grad, rad2rad, deg2deg, grad2grad

RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS

COORDINATE SYSTEMS
3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS: cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical

GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS

great_circle_distance
great_circle_direction
great_circle_bearing
great_circle_destination
great_circle_midpoint
great_circle_waypoint

EXAMPLES

CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
Real-valued asin and acos: asin_real, acos_real

BUGS

AUTHORS

LICENSE

Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DETAILS

OPTIONS

INSTALL
NORMALIZER
SCALAR_CACHE, LIST_CACHE: "MEMORY", "HASH", "TIE", "FAULT", "MERGE"

OTHER FACILITIES

unmemoize
flush_cache

CAVEATS

PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT

EXPIRATION SUPPORT

BUGS

MAILING LIST

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

THANK YOU

Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide
EXISTS
for AnyDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

INTERFACE

 TIEHASH,  EXISTS,  STORE

ALTERNATIVES

CAVEATS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide
EXISTS
for NDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide
EXISTS
for SDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database

DESCRIPTION

Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API: "first_release( MODULE )", "first_release_by_date( MODULE )", "find_modules( REGEX, [ LIST OF PERLS ] )", "find_version( PERL_VERSION )", "is_core( MODULE, [ MODULE_VERSION, [ PERL_VERSION ] ] )", "is_deprecated( MODULE, PERL_VERSION )", "deprecated_in( MODULE )", "removed_from( MODULE )", "removed_from_by_date( MODULE )", "changes_between( PERL_VERSION, PERL_VERSION )"
DATA STRUCTURES: %Module::CoreList::version, %Module::CoreList::delta, %Module::CoreList::released, %Module::CoreList::families, %Module::CoreList::deprecated, %Module::CoreList::upstream, %Module::CoreList::bug_tracker
CAVEATS
HISTORY
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Module::CoreList::Utils - what utilities shipped with versions of perl

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API: "utilities", "first_release( UTILITY )", "first_release_by_date( UTILITY )", "removed_from( UTILITY )", "removed_from_by_date( UTILITY )"
DATA STRUCTURES: %Module::CoreList::Utils::utilities
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Module::Load - runtime require of both modules and files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Difference between load and autoload

FUNCTIONS

load, autoload, load_remote, autoload_remote

Rules

IMPORTS THE FUNCTIONS

``load'',``autoload'',``load_remote'',``autoload_remote'', 'all', '','none',undef

Caveats

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

BUG REPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Module::Load::Conditional - Looking up module information / loading at runtime

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods

$href = check_install( module => NAME [, version => VERSION, verbose => BOOL ] );: module, version, verbose, file, dir, version, uptodate

$bool = can_load( modules => { NAME => VERSION [,NAME => VERSION ] }, [verbose => BOOL, nocache => BOOL, autoload => BOOL ] )

modules, verbose, nocache, autoload

@list = requires( MODULE );

Global Variables

$Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE
$Module::Load::Conditional::FIND_VERSION
$Module::Load::Conditional::CHECK_INC_HASH
$Module::Load::Conditional::CACHE
$Module::Load::Conditional::ERROR
$Module::Load::Conditional::DEPRECATED

See Also

BUG REPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Module::Loaded - mark modules as loaded or unloaded

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

$bool = mark_as_loaded( PACKAGE );

$bool = mark_as_unloaded( PACKAGE );

$loc = is_loaded( PACKAGE );

BUG REPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Module::Metadata - Gather package and
POD
information from perl module files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USAGE

Class methods: "new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1)", "new_from_handle($handle, $filename, collect_pod => 1)", "new_from_module($module, collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs)", "find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs)", "find_module_dir_by_name($module, \@dirs)", "provides( %options )", version (required), dir, files, prefix, "package_versions_from_directory($dir, \@files?)", "log_info (internal)"
Object methods: "name()", "version($package)", "filename()", "packages_inside()", "pod_inside()", "contains_pod()", "pod($section)", "is_indexable($package)" or "is_indexable()"

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

"O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

DIAGNOSTICS

ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key ... at ...

BUGS AND WARNINGS

NEXT -
Provide a pseudo-class
NEXT
(et al) that allows method redispatch

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Enforcing redispatch
Avoiding repetitions
Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
Using EVERY methods

AUTHOR

BUGS AND IRRITATIONS

COPYRIGHT

Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by
FTP, SMTP
etc)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USER METHODS: debug (
VALUE
), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend (
DATA
), dataend ()
CLASS METHODS: debug_print (
DIR, TEXT
), debug_text (
DIR, TEXT
), command (
CMD
[,
ARGS, ...
]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response (
TEXT
), getline (), ungetline (
TEXT
), rawdatasend (
DATA
), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
PSEUDO RESPONSES: Initial value, Connection closed, Timeout
EXPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet

SYNOPSYS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: requires_firewall (
HOST
)
NetConfig VALUES: nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists

Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::FTP -
FTP
Client class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW

CONSTRUCTOR

new ([

HOST

] [,

OPTIONS

])

METHODS

[,PASSWORD [,

ACCOUNT

] ] ]), starttls (), stoptls (), prot (

LEVEL

), host (), account(

ACCT

), authorize ( [

AUTH

RESP

]]), site (

ARGS

), ascii (), binary (), type ( [

TYPE

] ), rename (

OLDNAME, NEWNAME

), delete (

FILENAME

), cwd ( [

DIR

] ), cdup (), passive ( [

PASSIVE

] ), pwd (), restart (

WHERE

), rmdir (

DIR

RECURSE

]), mkdir (

DIR

RECURSE

]), alloc (

SIZE

RECORD_SIZE

] ), ls ( [

DIR

] ), dir ( [

DIR

] ), get (

REMOTE_FILE

LOCAL_FILE

WHERE

]] ), put (

LOCAL_FILE

REMOTE_FILE

] ), put_unique (

LOCAL_FILE

REMOTE_FILE

] ), append (

LOCAL_FILE

REMOTE_FILE

] ), unique_name (), mdtm (

FILE

), size (

FILE

), supported (

CMD

), hash ( [

FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF

],[

BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK

] ), feature (

NAME

), nlst ( [

DIR

] ), list ( [

DIR

] ), retr (

FILE

), stor (

FILE

), stou (

FILE

), appe (

FILE

), port ( [

PORT

] ) =item eprt ( [

PORT

] ), pasv () =item epsv (), pasv_xfer (

SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER

DEST_FILE

] ), pasv_xfer_unique (

SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER

DEST_FILE

] ), pasv_wait (

NON_PASV_SERVER

), abort (), quit ()

Methods for the adventurous: quot (
CMD
[,ARGS]), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()

THE dataconn CLASS

UNIMPLEMENTED

SMNT

HELP

MODE

SYST

STAT

STRU

REIN

REPORTING BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

USE EXAMPLES

www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs

CREDITS

COPYRIGHT

Net::NNTP -
NNTP
Client class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [

HOST

] [,

OPTIONS

])

METHODS

host (), starttls (), article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [

] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [

] ), head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [

] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [

GROUP

] ), help ( ), ihave (

MSGID

MESSAGE

]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo (

USER, PASS

), authinfo_simple (

USER, PASS

), list (), newgroups (

SINCE

DISTRIBUTIONS

]), newnews (

SINCE

GROUPS

DISTRIBUTIONS

]]), next (), post ( [

MESSAGE

] ), postfh (), slave (), quit (), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()

Extension methods: newsgroups ( [
PATTERN
] ), distributions (), distribution_patterns (), subscriptions (), overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [
PATTERN
] ), xgtitle (
PATTERN
), xhdr (
HEADER,
MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat (
HEADER, PATTERN,
MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover (), listgroup ( [
GROUP
] ), reader ()

UNSUPPORTED

DEFINITIONS

MESSAGE-SPEC,

PATTERN,

Examples, "[^]-]", *bdc, "[0-9a-zA-Z]", "a??d"

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::Netrc -
OO
interface to users netrc file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THE .netrc FILE: machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef name
CONSTRUCTOR: lookup (
MACHINE
[,
LOGIN
])
METHODS: login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (
RFC1939
)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
HOST
] [,
OPTIONS
] )
METHODS: host (), auth (
USERNAME, PASSWORD
), user (
USER
), pass (
PASS
), login ( [
USER
[,
PASS
]] ), starttls (
SSLARGS
), apop ( [
USER
[,
PASS
]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities (), top (
MSGNUM
[,
NUMLINES
] ), list ( [
MSGNUM
] ), get (
MSGNUM
[,
FH
] ), getfh (
MSGNUM
), last (), popstat (), ping (
USER
), uidl ( [
MSGNUM
] ), delete (
MSGNUM
), reset (), quit (), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions: Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos [, $ttl ]]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, $p->port_number([$port_number]), pingecho($host [, $timeout]);

NOTES

INSTALL

BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CONSTRUCTOR: new ( [
HOST
] [,
OPTIONS
] )
METHODS: banner (), domain (), hello (
DOMAIN
), host (), etrn (
DOMAIN
), starttls (
SSLARGS
), auth (
USERNAME, PASSWORD
), mail (
ADDRESS
[,
OPTIONS
] ), send (
ADDRESS
), send_or_mail (
ADDRESS
), send_and_mail (
ADDRESS
), reset (), recipient (
ADDRESS
[,
ADDRESS,
[...]] [,
OPTIONS
] ), to (
ADDRESS
[,
ADDRESS
[...]] ), cc (
ADDRESS
[,
ADDRESS
[...]] ), bcc (
ADDRESS
[,
ADDRESS
[...]] ), data ( [
DATA
] ), bdat (
DATA
), bdatlast (
DATA
), expand (
ADDRESS
), verify (
ADDRESS
), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit (), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()
ADDRESSES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: inet_time ( [
HOST
[,
PROTOCOL
[,
TIMEOUT
]]]), inet_daytime ( [
HOST
[,
PROTOCOL
[,
TIMEOUT
]]])
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions

DESCRIPTION

Where to get this document
How to contribute to this document

Author and Copyright Information

Disclaimer

Obtaining and installing libnet

What is libnet ?
Which version of perl do I need ?
What other modules do I need ?
What machines support libnet ?
Where can I get the latest libnet release

Using Net::FTP

How do I download files from an FTP server ?
How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
Changing directory to does not fail ?
I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?
My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ?
I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?
Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods

Using Net::SMTP

Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?
Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
The verify method always returns true ?

Debugging scripts

How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVENTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS
AUTHOR

ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

"O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

DIAGNOSTICS

odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key ... at ...

BUGS AND WARNINGS

Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
WARNING
Operator Names and Operator Lists: an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname or optag, an operator set (opset)
Opcode Functions: opcodes, opset (
OP, ...
), opset_to_ops (
OPSET
), opset_to_hex (
OPSET
), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (
OPSET
), verify_opset (
OPSET, ...
), define_optag (
OPTAG, OPSET
), opmask_add (
OPSET
), opmask, opdesc (
OP, ...
), opdump (
PAT
)
Manipulating Opsets
TO DO (maybe)
Predefined Opcode Tags: :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :load, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

POSIX -
Perl interface to
IEEE
Std 1003.1

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CAVEATS

FUNCTIONS

"_exit", "abort", "abs", "access", "acos", "acosh", "alarm", "asctime", "asin", "asinh", "assert", "atan", "atanh", "atan2", "atexit", "atof", "atoi", "atol", "bsearch", "calloc", "cbrt", "ceil", "chdir", "chmod", "chown", "clearerr", "clock", "close", "closedir", "cos", "cosh", "copysign", "creat", "ctermid", "ctime", "cuserid", "difftime", "div", "dup", "dup2", "erf", "erfc", "errno", "execl", "execle", "execlp", "execv", "execve", "execvp", "exit", "exp", "expm1", "fabs", "fclose", "fcntl", "fdopen", "feof", "ferror", "fflush", "fgetc", "fgetpos", "fgets", "fileno", "floor", "fdim", "fegetround", "fesetround", "fma", "fmax", "fmin", "fmod", "fopen", "fork", "fpathconf", "fpclassify", "fprintf", "fputc", "fputs", "fread", "free", "freopen", "frexp", "fscanf", "fseek", "fsetpos", "fstat", "fsync", "ftell", "fwrite", "getc", "getchar", "getcwd", "getegid", "getenv", "geteuid", "getgid", "getgrgid", "getgrnam", "getgroups", "getlogin", "getpgrp", "getpid", "getppid", "getpwnam", "getpwuid", "gets", "getuid", "gmtime", "hypot", "ilogb", "Inf", "isalnum", "isalpha", "isatty", "iscntrl", "isdigit", "isfinite", "isgraph", "isgreater", "isinf", "islower", "isnan", "isnormal", "isprint", "ispunct", "isspace", "isupper", "isxdigit", "j0", "j1", "jn", "y0", "y1", "yn", "kill", "labs", "lchown", "ldexp", "ldiv", "lgamma", "log1p", "log2", "logb", "link", "localeconv", "localtime", "log", "log10", "longjmp", "lseek", "lrint", "lround", "malloc", "mblen", "mbstowcs", "mbtowc", "memchr", "memcmp", "memcpy", "memmove", "memset", "mkdir", "mkfifo", "mktime", "modf", "NaN", "nan", "nearbyint", "nextafter", "nexttoward", "nice", "offsetof", "open", "opendir", "pathconf", "pause", "perror", "pipe", "pow", "printf", "putc", "putchar", "puts", "qsort", "raise", "rand", "read", "readdir", "realloc", "remainder", "remove", "remquo", "rename", "rewind", "rewinddir", "rint", "rmdir", "round", "scalbn", "scanf", "setgid", "setjmp", "setlocale", "setpgid", "setsid", "setuid", "sigaction", "siglongjmp", "signbit", "sigpending", "sigprocmask", "sigsetjmp", "sigsuspend", "sin", "sinh", "sleep", "sprintf", "sqrt", "srand", "sscanf", "stat", "strcat", "strchr", "strcmp", "strcoll", "strcpy", "strcspn", "strerror", "strftime", "strlen", "strncat", "strncmp", "strncpy", "strpbrk", "strrchr", "strspn", "strstr", "strtod", "strtok", "strtol", "strtold", "strtoul", "strxfrm", "sysconf", "system", "tan", "tanh", "tcdrain", "tcflow", "tcflush", "tcgetpgrp", "tcsendbreak", "tcsetpgrp", "tgamma", "time", "times", "tmpfile", "tmpnam", "tolower", "toupper", "trunc", "ttyname", "tzname", "tzset", "umask", "uname", "ungetc", "unlink", "utime", "vfprintf", "vprintf", "vsprintf", "wait", "waitpid", "wcstombs", "wctomb", "write"

CLASSES

POSIX::SigAction: "new", "handler", "mask", "flags", "safe"
POSIX::SigRt: %SIGRT, "SIGRTMIN", "SIGRTMAX"
POSIX::SigSet: "new", "addset", "delset", "emptyset", "fillset", "ismember"
POSIX::Termios: "new", "getattr", "getcc", "getcflag", "getiflag", "getispeed", "getlflag", "getoflag", "getospeed", "setattr", "setcc", "setcflag", "setiflag", "setispeed", "setlflag", "setoflag", "setospeed", Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, "c_cc" field values, "c_cflag" field values, "c_iflag" field values, "c_lflag" field values, "c_oflag" field values

PATHNAME CONSTANTS

Constants

POSIX CONSTANTS

Constants

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Constants

ERRNO

Constants

FCNTL

Constants

FLOAT

Constants

FLOATING-POINT ENVIRONMENT

Constants

LIMITS

Constants

LOCALE

Constants

MATH

Constants

SIGNAL

Constants

STAT

Constants, Macros

STDLIB

Constants

STDIO

Constants

TIME

Constants

UNISTD

Constants

WAIT

Constants, "WNOHANG", "WUNTRACED", Macros, "WIFEXITED", "WEXITSTATUS", "WIFSIGNALED", "WTERMSIG", "WIFSTOPPED", "WSTOPSIG"

Params::Check - A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Template

default, required, strict_type, defined, no_override, store, allow

Functions

check( \%tmpl, \%args, [$verbose] );: Template, Arguments, Verbose

allow( $test_me, \@criteria );

string, regexp, subroutine, array ref

last_error()

Global Variables

$Params::Check::VERBOSE
$Params::Check::STRICT_TYPE
$Params::Check::ALLOW_UNKNOWN
$Params::Check::STRIP_LEADING_DASHES
$Params::Check::NO_DUPLICATES
$Params::Check::PRESERVE_CASE
$Params::Check::ONLY_ALLOW_DEFINED
$Params::Check::SANITY_CHECK_TEMPLATE
$Params::Check::WARNINGS_FATAL
$Params::Check::CALLER_DEPTH

Acknowledgements

BUG REPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Parse::CPAN::Meta - Parse
META
.yml and
META
.json
CPAN
metadata files

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
load_string
yaml_backend
json_backend

FUNCTIONS

Load
LoadFile

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_JSON_BACKEND
PERL_YAML_BACKEND

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHORS

CONTRIBUTORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Perl::OSType - Map Perl operating system names to generic types

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USAGE

os_type()
is_os_type()

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code

AUTHOR

CONTRIBUTORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32

Custom Layers: :encoding, :mmap, :via
Alternatives to raw
Defaults and how to override them
Querying the layers of filehandles

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

PerlIO::mmap - Memory mapped
IO

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

PerlIO::scalar - in-memory
IO,
scalar
IO

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPECTED METHODS

$class->

PUSHED

([$mode,[$fh]]), $obj->

POPPED

([$fh]), $obj->

UTF8

($belowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->

OPEN

($path,$mode,[$fh]), $obj->

BINMODE

([$fh]), $obj->

FDOPEN

($fd,[$fh]), $obj->

SYSOPEN

($path,$imode,$perm,[$fh]), $obj->

FILENO

($fh), $obj->

READ

($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->

WRITE

($buffer,$fh), $obj->

FILL

($fh), $obj->

SEEK

($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->

TELL

($fh), $obj->

UNREAD

($buffer,$fh), $obj->

FLUSH

($fh), $obj->

SETLINEBUF

($fh), $obj->

CLEARERR

($fh), $obj->

ERROR

($fh), $obj->

EOF

($fh)

EXAMPLES

Example - a Hexadecimal Handle

PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
REQUIRED MODULES
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT

Pod::Escapes - for resolving Pod E<...> sequences

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GOODIES: e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{name}, $Name2character_number{name}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{integer}, $Latin1Char_to_fallback{character}, $Code2USASCII{integer}
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
REPOSITORY
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Find - find
POD
documents in directory trees

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
pod_find( { %opts } , @directories ): "-verbose => 1", "-perl => 1", "-script => 1", "-inc => 1"
simplify_name( $str )
pod_where( { %opts }, $pod ): "-inc => 1", "-dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]", "-verbose => 1"
contains_pod( $file , $verbose )
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to
HTML

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

pod2html: backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, outfile, poderrors, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, verbose
htmlify
anchorify

ENVIRONMENT

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

Pod::InputObjects - objects representing
POD
input paragraphs, commands, etc.

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION: package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph, package Pod::InteriorSequence, package Pod::ParseTree
Pod::InputSource
new()
name()
handle()
was_cutting()
Pod::Paragraph
Pod::Paragraph->new()
$pod_para->cmd_name()
$pod_para->text()
$pod_para->raw_text()
$pod_para->cmd_prefix()
$pod_para->cmd_separator()
$pod_para->parse_tree()
$pod_para->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence
Pod::InteriorSequence->new()
$pod_seq->cmd_name()
$pod_seq->prepend()
$pod_seq->append()
$pod_seq->nested()
$pod_seq->raw_text()
$pod_seq->left_delimiter()
$pod_seq->right_delimiter()
$pod_seq->parse_tree()
$pod_seq->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence:: DESTROY ()
Pod::ParseTree
Pod::ParseTree->new()
$ptree->top()
$ptree->children()
$ptree->prepend()
$ptree->append()
$ptree->raw_text()
Pod::ParseTree:: DESTROY ()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Man - Convert
POD
data to formatted *roff input

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: center, date, errors, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, nourls, quotes, release, section, stderr, utf8
DIAGNOSTICS: roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not ``%s'', Invalid errors setting ``%s'', Invalid quote specification ``%s'',
POD
document had syntax errors
ENVIRONMENT: POD_MAN_DATE, SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
BUGS
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Pod::ParseLink - Parse an L<> formatting code in
POD
text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for
POD
parsing and conversion

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Pod::List: Pod::List->new()

$list->file()

$list->start()

$list->indent()

$list->type()

$list->rx()

$list->item()

$list->parent()

$list->tag()

Pod::Hyperlink: Pod::Hyperlink->new()

$link->parse($string)

$link->markup($string)

$link->text()

$link->warning()

$link->file(), $link->line()

$link->page()

$link->node()

$link->alttext()

$link->type()

$link->link()

Pod::Cache: Pod::Cache->new()

$cache->item()

$cache->find_page($name)

Pod::Cache::Item: Pod::Cache::Item->new()

$cacheitem->page()

$cacheitem->description()

$cacheitem->path()

$cacheitem->file()

$cacheitem->nodes()

$cacheitem->find_node($name)

$cacheitem->idx()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Parser - base class for creating
POD
filters and translators

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
PARSING OPTIONS: -want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset), -warnings (default: unset)
RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
command(): $cmd, $text, $line_num, $pod_para
verbatim(): $text, $line_num, $pod_para
textblock(): $text, $line_num, $pod_para
interior_sequence()
OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
new()
initialize()
begin_pod()
begin_input()
end_input()
end_pod()
preprocess_line()
preprocess_paragraph()
METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
parse_text(): -expand_seq => code-ref|method-name, -expand_text => code-ref|method-name, -expand_ptree => code-ref|method-name
interpolate()
parse_paragraph()
parse_from_filehandle()
parse_from_file()
ACCESSOR METHODS
errorsub()
cutting()
parseopts()
output_file()
output_handle()
input_file()
input_handle()
input_streams()
top_stream()
PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_push_input_stream()
_pop_input_stream()
TREE-BASED PARSING
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Pod::Perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo - Base for Pod::Perldoc formatters

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO - Customized option parser for Pod::Perldoc

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: Call Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO::getopts($object, \@ARGV, $truth), Given -n, if there's a opt_n_with, it'll call $object->opt_n_with(
ARGUMENT
) (e.g., ``-n foo'' => $object->opt_n_with('foo'). Ditto ``-nfoo''), Otherwise
(given -n) if there's an opt_n, we'll call it $object->opt_n($truth) (Truth defaults to 1), Otherwise we try calling $object->handle_unknown_option('n') (and we increment the error count by the return value of it), If there's no handle_unknown_option, then we just warn, and then increment the error counter
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI - render Pod with
ANSI
color escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as
RTF

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm - render Pod with terminal escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as
XML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::PlainText - Convert
POD
data to formatted
ASCII
text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
DIAGNOSTICS: Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of
POD
from input

SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
OBJECT METHODS
curr_headings()
select()
add_selection()
clear_selections()
match_section()
is_selected()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
podselect(): -output, -sections, -ranges
PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_compile_section_spec()
$self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
$self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MAIN METHODS: "$parser = SomeClass->new();", "$parser->output_fh( *OUT );", "$parser->output_string( \$somestring );", "$parser->parse_file($some_filename );", "$parser->parse_file( *INPUT_FH );", "$parser->parse_string_document( $all_content );", "$parser->parse_lines( ...@lines..., undef );", "$parser->content_seen", "SomeClass->filter( $filename );", "SomeClass->filter( *INPUT_FH );", "SomeClass->filter(\$document_content );"
SECONDARY METHODS: "$parser->parse_characters( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_whining(SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->source_filename", "$parser->doc_has_started", "$parser->source_dead", "$parser->strip_verbatim_indent( SOMEVALUE )"
TERTIARY METHODS: "$parser->abandon_output_fh()", "$parser->abandon_output_string()", "$parser->accept_code( @codes )", "$parser->accept_codes( @codes )", "$parser->accept_directive_as_data( @directives )", "$parser->accept_directive_as_processed( @directives )", "$parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( @directives )", "$parser->accept_target( @targets )", "$parser->accept_target_as_text( @targets )", "$parser->accept_targets( @targets )", "$parser->accept_targets_as_text( @targets )", "$parser->any_errata_seen()", "$parser->detected_encoding()", "$parser->encoding()", "$parser->parse_from_file( $source, $to )", "$parser->scream( @error_messages )", "$parser->unaccept_code( @codes )", "$parser->unaccept_codes( @codes )", "$parser->unaccept_directive( @directives )", "$parser->unaccept_directives( @directives )", "$parser->unaccept_target( @targets )", "$parser->unaccept_targets( @targets )", "$parser->version_report()", "$parser->whine( @error_messages )"
ENCODING
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org", Gabor Szabo "szabgab@gmail.com", Shawn H Corey "SHCOREY at cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Checker --- check the Pod syntax of a document

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Debug --- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
GUTS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::DumpAsText --- dump Pod-parsing events as text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML --- turn Pod into
XML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to
HTML

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE

CALLING FROM PERL

Minimal code
More detailed example

METHODS

html_css
html_javascript
title_prefix
title_postfix
html_header_before_title
top_anchor
html_h_level
index
html_header_after_title
html_footer

SUBCLASSING

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHOR

Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several
HTML
files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FROM THE COMMAND LINE

MAIN METHODS

$batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert( indirs, outdir );, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC}, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( ``somedir'' , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , 'somedir' );

ACCESSOR METHODS: $batchconv->verbose( nonnegative_integer );, $batchconv->index( true-or-false );, $batchconv->contents_file( filename );, $batchconv->contents_page_start( HTML_string );, $batchconv->contents_page_end( HTML_string );, $batchconv->add_css( $url );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );, $batchconv->css_flurry( true-or-false );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( true-or-false );, $batchconv->no_contents_links( true-or-false );, $batchconv->html_render_class( classname );, $batchconv->search_class( classname );

NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS

AUTHOR

Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::LinkSection --- represent section attributes of L codes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Methody --- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHOD CALLING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::PullParser --- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ), $parser->unget_token( $token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source( $filename ), $parser->set_source( $filehandle_object ), $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source( \@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...), $parser->parse_string_document(...), $parser->filter(...), $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string = $parser->get_title, my $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name =
$parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description, $version_block = $parser->get_version
NOTE
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken --- end-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: $token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...), $token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring)
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken --- start-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: $token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...), $token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring), $token->attr(attrname), $token->attr(attrname, newvalue), $token->attr_hash
SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken --- text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: $token->text, $token->text(somestring), $token->text_r()
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::PullParserToken --- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: $token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end, $token->dump
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::RTF --- format Pod as
RTF

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES: $parser->head1_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head2_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head4_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->header_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->normal_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( true_or_false );, $parser->doc_lang( microsoft_decimal_language_code )
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Search - find
POD
documents in directory trees

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

ACCESSORS

$search->inc( true-or-false );, $search->verbose( nonnegative-number );, $search->limit_glob( some-glob-string );, $search->callback( \&some_routine );, $search->laborious( true-or-false );, $search->recurse( true-or-false );, $search->shadows( true-or-false );, $search->limit_re( some-regxp );, $search->dir_prefix( some-string-value );, $search->progress( some-progress-object );, $name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name = $self->path2name;

MAIN SEARCH METHODS

$search->survey( @directories ): "name2path", "path2name"
$search->simplify_name( $str )
$search->find( $pod )
$search->find( $pod, @search_dirs )
$self->contains_pod( $file )

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS

AUTHOR

Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::SimpleTree --- parse Pod into a simple parse tree

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Tree Contents
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Subclassing --- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree
Events: "$parser->_handle_element_start( element_name, attr_hashref )", "$parser->_handle_element_end( element_name )", "$parser->_handle_text( text_string )", events with an element_name
of Document, events with an element_name of Para, events with an element_name of B, C, F, or I, events with an element_name of S, events with an element_name of X, events with an element_name of L, events with an element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name of Verbatim, events with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an element_name of encoding, events with an element_name of over-bullet, events with an element_name of over-number, events with an element_name of over-text, events with an element_name of over-block, events with an element_name of over-empty, events with an element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of item-number, events with an element_name of item-text, events with an element_name of for, events with an element_name of Data
More Pod::Simple Methods: "$parser->accept_targets( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->accept_targets_as_text( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->accept_codes( Codename, Codename... )", "$parser->accept_directive_as_data( directive_name )", "$parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( directive_name )", "$parser->accept_directive_as_processed( directive_name )", "$parser->nbsp_for_S( BOOLEAN );", "$parser->version_report()",
"$parser->pod_para_count()", "$parser->line_count()", "$parser->nix_X_codes( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->keep_encoding_directive( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->merge_text( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->code_handler(CODE_REF )", "$parser->cut_handler( CODE_REF )", "$parser->pod_handler( CODE_REF )", "$parser->whiteline_handler(CODE_REF )", "$parser->whine( linenumber, complaint string )", "$parser->scream( linenumber, complaint string )", "$parser->source_dead(1)", "$parser->hide_line_numbers( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_whining( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->bare_output(SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->preserve_whitespace( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->parse_empty_lists( SOMEVALUE )"
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Text --- format Pod as plaintext

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::TextContent --- get the text content of Pod

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::XHTML --- format Pod as validating
XHTML

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Minimal code

METHODS

perldoc_url_prefix
perldoc_url_postfix
man_url_prefix
man_url_postfix
title_prefix, title_postfix
html_css
html_javascript
html_doctype
html_charset
html_header_tags
html_h_level
default_title
force_title
html_header, html_footer
index
anchor_items
backlink

SUBCLASSING

handle_text

handle_code

accept_targets_as_html

resolve_pod_page_link

resolve_man_page_link

idify

batch_mode_page_object_init

SEE ALSO

SUPPORT

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

AUTHOR

Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream --- turn Pod into
XML

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
ABOUT EXTENDING POD
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR: Allison Randal "allison@perl.org", Hans Dieter Pearcey "hdp@cpan.org", David E. Wheeler "dwheeler@cpan.org"

Pod::Text - Convert
POD
data to formatted
ASCII
text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: alt, code, errors, indent, loose, margin, nourls, quotes, sentence, stderr, utf8, width
DIAGNOSTICS: Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid errors setting ``%s'', Invalid quote specification ``%s'',
POD
document had syntax errors
BUGS
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Color - Convert
POD
data to formatted color
ASCII
text

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Overstrike, =for stopwords overstrike

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert
POD
data to
ASCII
text with format escapes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Usage - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation

SYNOPSIS

ARGUMENTS

"-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-verbose", "-sections", "-output", "-input", "-pathlist", "-noperldoc"

Formatting base class
Pass-through options

DESCRIPTION

Scripts

EXAMPLES

Recommended Use

CAVEATS

AUTHOR

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

SEE ALSO

SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tie

EXPORTS

DIAGNOSTICS

sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key ... at ...

BUGS AND WARNINGS

Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING

METHODS

permit ( OP, ... )
permit_only ( OP, ... )
deny ( OP, ... )
deny_only ( OP, ... )
trap ( OP, ... ), untrap ( OP, ... )
share ( NAME, ... )
share_from ( PACKAGE, ARRAYREF )
varglob ( VARNAME )
reval ( STRING, STRICT )
rdo ( FILENAME )
root ( NAMESPACE )
mask ( MASK )
wrap_code_ref ( CODEREF )
wrap_code_refs_within (...)

RISKS

Memory,

CPU,

Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS FOR REFERENCES

blessed
refaddr
reftype
weaken
unweaken
isweak

OTHER FUNCTIONS

dualvar
isdual
isvstring
looks_like_number
openhandle
readonly
set_prototype
tainted

DIAGNOSTICS

Weak references are not implemented in the version of perl, Vstrings are not implemented in the version of perl, "NAME" is only available with the

version of Scalar::Util

KNOWN BUGS

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

Search::Dict - look - search for key in dictionary file

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelfLoader - load functions only on demand

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The __DATA__ token
SelfLoader autoloading
Autoloading and package lexicals
SelfLoader and AutoLoader
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
Classes and inherited methods.

Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Socket, Socket - networking constants and support functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTANTS

PF_INET, PF_INET6, PF_UNIX, ...

AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX, ...

SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW, ...

SOCK_NONBLOCK. SOCK_CLOEXEC

SOL_SOCKET

SO_ACCEPTCONN, SO_BROADCAST, SO_ERROR, ...

IP_OPTIONS, IP_TOS, IP_TTL, ...

IPTOS_LOWDELAY, IPTOS_THROUGHPUT, IPTOS_RELIABILITY, ...

MSG_BCAST, MSG_OOB, MSG_TRUNC, ...

SHUT_RD, SHUT_RDWR, SHUT_WR

INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE

IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPPROTO_TCP, ...

TCP_CORK, TCP_KEEPALIVE, TCP_NODELAY, ...

IN6ADDR_ANY, IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK

IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, IPV6_MTU, IPV6_V6ONLY, ...

STRUCTURE MANIPULATORS

$family = sockaddr_family $sockaddr

$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address

($port, $ip_address) = unpack_sockaddr_in $sockaddr

$sockaddr = sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address

($port, $ip_address) = sockaddr_in $sockaddr

$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]

($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = unpack_sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr

$sockaddr = sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]

($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr

$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_un $path

($path) = unpack_sockaddr_un $sockaddr

$sockaddr = sockaddr_un $path

($path) = sockaddr_un $sockaddr

$ip_mreq = pack_ip_mreq $multiaddr, $interface

($multiaddr, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq $ip_mreq

$ip_mreq_source = pack_ip_mreq_source $multiaddr, $source, $interface

($multiaddr, $source, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq_source $ip_mreq

$ipv6_mreq = pack_ipv6_mreq $multiaddr6, $ifindex

($multiaddr6, $ifindex) = unpack_ipv6_mreq $ipv6_mreq

FUNCTIONS

$ip_address = inet_aton $string

$string = inet_ntoa $ip_address

$address = inet_pton $family, $string

$string = inet_ntop $family, $address

($err, @result) = getaddrinfo $host, $service, [$hints]

flags =>

INT,

family =>

INT,

socktype =>

INT,

protocol =>

INT,

family =>

INT,

socktype =>

INT,

protocol =>

INT,

addr =>

STRING,

canonname =>

STRING, AI_PASSIVE, AI_CANONNAME, AI_NUMERICHOST

($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo $sockaddr, [$flags, [$xflags]]

NI_NUMERICHOST, NI_NUMERICSERV, NI_NAMEREQD, NI_DGRAM,

NIx_NOHOST, NIx_NOSERV

getaddrinfo() / getnameinfo() ERROR CONSTANTS

EAI_AGAIN, EAI_BADFLAGS, EAI_FAMILY, EAI_NODATA, EAI_NONAME, EAI_SERVICE

EXAMPLES

Lookup for connect()
Making a human-readable string out of an address
Resolving hostnames into IP addresses
Accessing socket options

AUTHOR

Storable - persistence for Perl data structures

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MEMORY STORE

ADVISORY LOCKING

SPEED

CANONICAL REPRESENTATION

CODE REFERENCES

FORWARD COMPATIBILITY

utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable

ERROR REPORTING

WIZARDS ONLY

Hooks: "STORABLE_freeze" obj, cloning, "STORABLE_thaw" obj, cloning, serialized, .., "STORABLE_attach" class, cloning, serialized
Predicates: "Storable::last_op_in_netorder", "Storable::is_storing", "Storable::is_retrieving"
Recursion
Deep Cloning

Storable magic

$info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), "version", "version_nv", "major", "minor", "hdrsize", "netorder", "byteorder", "intsize", "longsize", "ptrsize", "nvsize", "file", $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer, $must_be_file )

EXAMPLES

SECURITY WARNING

WARNING

BUGS

64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1

CREDITS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Sub::Util - A selection of utility subroutines for subs and
CODE
references

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
prototype
set_prototype
subname
set_subname
AUTHOR

Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS

Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the
UNIX
syslog(3) calls

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORTS

FUNCTIONS

openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message), syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_priority), setlogsock(), Note, closelog()

THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG

EXAMPLES

CONSTANTS

Facilities
Levels

DIAGNOSTICS

"Invalid argument passed to setlogsock", "eventlog passed to setlogsock, but no Win32 API available", "no connection to syslog available", "stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable", "stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device", "tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable", "syslog: expecting argument %s", "syslog: invalid level/facility: %s", "syslog: too many levels given: %s", "syslog: too many facilities given: %s", "syslog: level must be given", "udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable", "unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available"

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

Other modules
Manual Pages
RFCs
Articles
Event Log

AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

BUGS

SUPPORT

AnnoCPAN: Annotated

CPAN

documentation,

CPAN

Ratings,

RT: CPAN

's request tracker, Search

CPAN,

MetaCPAN, Perl Documentation

COPYRIGHT

LICENSE

TAP::Base - Base class that provides common functionality to TAP::Parser and TAP::Harness

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Base - Base class for harness output delegates

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods: "verbosity", "verbose", "timer", "failures", "comments", "quiet", "really_quiet", "silent", "errors", "directives", "stdout", "color", "jobs", "show_count"

TAP::Formatter::Color - Run Perl test scripts with color

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Console - Harness output delegate for default console output

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

open_test

TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession - Harness output delegate for parallel console output

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Console::Session - Harness output delegate for default console output

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
clear_for_close
close_test
header
result

TAP::Formatter::File - Harness output delegate for file output

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

open_test

TAP::Formatter::File::Session - Harness output delegate for file output

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

result

close_test

TAP::Formatter::Session - Abstract base class for harness output delegate

VERSION

METHODS

Class Methods: "formatter", "parser", "name", "show_count"

TAP::Harness - Run test scripts with statistics

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

SYNOPSIS

METHODS

Class Methods: "verbosity", "timer", "failures", "comments", "show_count", "normalize", "lib", "switches", "test_args", "color", "exec", "merge", "sources", "aggregator_class", "version", "formatter_class", "multiplexer_class", "parser_class", "scheduler_class", "formatter", "errors", "directives", "ignore_exit", "jobs", "rules", "rulesfiles", "stdout", "trap"

Instance Methods

the source name of a test to run, a reference to a [ source name, display name ] array

CONFIGURING

Plugins
Module::Build
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
prove

WRITING PLUGINS

Customize how

TAP

gets into the parser, Customize how

TAP

results are output from the parser

SUBCLASSING

Methods: ``new'', ``runtests'', ``summary''

REPLACING

SEE ALSO

TAP::Harness::Beyond, Test::Harness::Beyond - Beyond make test

Beyond make test

Saved State
Parallel Testing
Non-Perl Tests
Mixing it up
Rolling My Own
Deeper Customisation
Callbacks
Parsing TAP
Getting Support

TAP::Harness::Env - Parsing harness related environmental variables where appropriate

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: create( \%args )
ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES: "HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_VERBOSE", "HARNESS_SUBCLASS", "HARNESS_OPTIONS", "j<n>", "c", "a<file.tgz>", "fPackage-With-Dashes", "HARNESS_TIMER", "HARNESS_COLOR", "HARNESS_IGNORE_EXIT"

TAP::Object - Base class that provides common functionality to all TAP::* modules

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser - Parse
TAP
output

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods: "source", "tap", "exec", "sources", "callback", "switches", "test_args", "spool", "merge", "grammar_class", "result_factory_class", "iterator_factory_class"

Instance Methods

INDIVIDUAL RESULTS

Result types: Version, Plan, Pragma, Test, Comment, Bailout, Unknown
Common type methods
plan methods
pragma methods
comment methods
bailout methods
unknown methods
test methods

TOTAL RESULTS

Individual Results

Pragmas

Summary Results

ignore_exit

Misplaced plan, No plan, More than one plan, Test numbers out of sequence

CALLBACKS

"test", "version", "plan", "comment", "bailout", "yaml", "unknown", "ELSE", "ALL", "EOF"

TAP GRAMMAR

BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY

Differences: TODO
plans, 'Missing' tests

SUBCLASSING

Parser Components: option 1, option 2

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Michael Schwern, Andy Lester, chromatic,

GEOFFR,

Shlomi Fish, Torsten Schoenfeld, Jerry Gay, Aristotle, Adam Kennedy, Yves Orton, Adrian Howard, Sean & Lil, Andreas J. Koenig, Florian Ragwitz, Corion, Mark Stosberg, Matt Kraai, David Wheeler, Alex Vandiver, Cosimo Streppone, Ville Skytta.

AUTHORS

BUGS

COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

TAP::Parser::Aggregator - Aggregate TAP::Parser results

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

Summary methods

failed, parse_errors, passed, planned, skipped, todo, todo_passed, wait, exit

Failed tests, Parse errors, Bad exit or wait status

See Also

TAP::Parser::Grammar - A grammar for the Test Anything Protocol.

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

TAP GRAMMAR

SUBCLASSING

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator - Base class for
TAP
source iterators

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods
Instance Methods

SUBCLASSING

Example

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array - Iterator for array-based
TAP
sources

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods
Instance Methods

ATTRIBUTION

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process - Iterator for process-based
TAP
sources

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods
Instance Methods

ATTRIBUTION

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream - Iterator for filehandle-based
TAP
sources

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

ATTRIBUTION

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory - Figures out which SourceHandler objects to use for a given Source

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

SUBCLASSING

Example

AUTHORS

ATTRIBUTION

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Multiplexer - Multiplex multiple TAP::Parsers

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

See Also

TAP::Parser::Result - Base class for TAP::Parser output objects

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION
METHODS

Boolean methods

"is_plan", "is_pragma", "is_test", "is_comment", "is_bailout", "is_version", "is_unknown", "is_yaml"

SUBCLASSING

Example

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout - Bailout result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string"
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Comment - Comment result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string"
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Plan - Plan result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma -
TAP
pragma token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Test - Test result token.

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

OVERRIDDEN METHODS

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown - Unknown result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string", "raw"

TAP::Parser::Result::Version -
TAP
syntax version token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::YAML -
YAML
result token.

VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS: "as_string", "raw"
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::ResultFactory - Factory for creating TAP::Parser output objects

SYNOPSIS

VERSION

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

SUBCLASSING

Example

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Scheduler - Schedule tests during parallel testing

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods
Rules data structure: By default, all tests are eligible to be run in parallel. Specifying any of your own rules removes this one, ``First match wins''. The first rule that matches a test will be the one that applies, Any test which does not match a rule will be run in sequence at the end of the run, The existence of a rule does not imply selecting a test. You must still specify the tests to run, Specifying a rule to allow tests to run in parallel does not make the run in parallel. You still need specify the number of parallel "jobs" in your Harness object

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job - A single testing job.

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

Attributes

TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner - A no-op job.

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Source - a
TAP
source & meta data about it

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

Instance Methods

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler - Base class for different
TAP
source handlers

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

SUBCLASSING

Example

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable - Stream output from an executable
TAP
source

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

SUBCLASSING

Example

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File - Stream
TAP
from a text file.

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

CONFIGURATION

SUBCLASSING

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle - Stream
TAP
from an IO::Handle or a
GLOB.

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

SUBCLASSING

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl - Stream
TAP
from a Perl executable

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

SUBCLASSING

Example

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP - Stream output from raw
TAP
in a scalar/array ref.

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods

SUBCLASSING

SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader - Read YAMLish data from iterator

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods
Instance Methods

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer - Write YAMLish data

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Class Methods
Instance Methods: a reference to a scalar to append
YAML
to, the handle of an open file, a reference to an array into which
YAML
will be pushed, a code reference

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using
ANSI
escape sequences

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Supported Colors
Function Interface: color(ATTR[,
ATTR ...
]), colored(
STRING,
ATTR[,
ATTR ...
]), colored(
ATTR-REF,
STRING[,
STRING...
]), uncolor(
ESCAPE
), colorstrip(STRING[,
STRING ...
]), colorvalid(ATTR[,
ATTR ...
]), coloralias(ALIAS[,
ATTR
])
Constant Interface
The Color Stack

DIAGNOSTICS

Bad color mapping %s, Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword ``%s'' not allowed while ``strict subs'' in use, Cannot alias standard color %s, Cannot alias standard color %s in %s, Invalid alias name %s, Invalid alias name %s in %s, Invalid attribute name %s, Invalid attribute name %s in %s, Name ``%s'' used only once: possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s

ENVIRONMENT

ANSI_COLORS_ALIASES, ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED

COMPATIBILITY

RESTRICTIONS

NOTES

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

SEE ALSO

Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Tgetent,

OSPEED, TERM

Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH

Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH

Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH

Trequire

EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Term::Complete - Perl word completion module

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: <tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
AUTHOR

Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various readline packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal set of supported functions: "ReadLine", "new", "readline", "addhistory", "IN", "OUT", "MinLine", "findConsole", Attribs, "Features"
Additional supported functions: "tkRunning", "event_loop", "ornaments", "newTTY"
EXPORTS
ENVIRONMENT

Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

QUICK START GUIDE

Functions: "plan(...)", "tests => number", "todo => [1,5,14]", "onfail => sub { ... }", "onfail => \&some_sub"

_to_value

"ok(...)"

"skip(skip_if_true, args...)"

TEST TYPES: NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
ONFAIL
BUGS and CAVEATS
ENVIRONMENT
NOTE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Construction: new

create

child

subtest

_plan_handled, Explicitly setting the number of tests, Setting 'no_plan', Set 'skip_all'

finalize

parent

name

reset

Setting up tests: plan

expected_tests

no_plan

_output_plan

done_testing

has_plan

skip_all

exported_to

Running tests: ok

is_eq, is_num

isnt_eq, isnt_num

like, unlike

cmp_ok

Other Testing Methods: BAIL_OUT

skip

todo_skip

skip_rest

Test building utility methods: maybe_regex

_try

is_fh

Test style: level

use_numbers

no_diag, no_ending, no_header

Output: diag

note

explain

_print

output, failure_output, todo_output

reset_outputs

carp, croak

Test Status and Info: current_test

is_passing

summary

details

todo

find_TODO

in_todo

todo_start

"todo_end"

caller

_sanity_check

_whoa

_my_exit

EXIT CODES
THREADS
MEMORY
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS: Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT

Test::Builder::IO::Scalar - A copy of IO::Scalar for Test::Builder

DESCRIPTION
COPYRIGHT and LICENSE
Construction

new [

ARGS...

]

open [

SCALARREF

]

opened

Input and output

flush

getc

getline

getlines

ARGS..

read

BUF, NBYTES,

[

OFFSET

]

write

BUF, NBYTES,

[

OFFSET

]

sysread

BUF, LEN,

[

OFFSET

]

syswrite

BUF, NBYTES,

[

OFFSET

]

Seeking/telling and other attributes

autoflush

binmode

clearerr

eof

seek

OFFSET, WHENCE

sysseek

OFFSET, WHENCE

tell

 use_RS [YESNO]

setpos

POS

getpos

sref

WARNINGS

VERSION

AUTHORS

Primary Maintainer
Principal author
Other contributors

SEE ALSO

Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Importing

Builder

Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with Test::Builder

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions: test_out, test_err

test_fail

test_diag

test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err

line_num

color

BUGS
AUTHOR
MAINTAINERS: Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
NOTES
SEE ALSO

Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

runtests( @test_files )

execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )

EXPORT

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TAP::HARNESS::COMPATIBLE SETS

"HARNESS_ACTIVE", "HARNESS_VERSION"

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS

"HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_TIMER", "HARNESS_VERBOSE", "HARNESS_OPTIONS", "j<n>", "c", "a<file.tgz>", "fPackage-With-Dashes", "HARNESS_SUBCLASS", "HARNESS_SUMMARY_COLOR_SUCCESS", "HARNESS_SUMMARY_COLOR_FAIL"

Taint Mode

SEE ALSO

BUGS

AUTHORS

LICENCE AND COPYRIGHT

Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

I love it when a plan comes together

done_testing

Test names
I'm ok, you're not ok.: ok

is, isnt

like

unlike

cmp_ok

can_ok

isa_ok

new_ok

subtest

pass, fail

Module tests: require_ok

use_ok

Complex data structures: is_deeply
Diagnostics: diag, note

explain

Conditional tests: SKIP: BLOCK

TODO: BLOCK

, todo_skip

When do I use

SKIP

vs.

TODO

Test control: BAIL_OUT
Discouraged comparison functions: eq_array

eq_hash

eq_set

Extending and Embedding Test::More

builder

EXIT CODES

COMPATIBILITY

subtests, "done_testing()", "cmp_ok()", "new_ok()" "note()" and "explain()"

CAVEATS and NOTES

utf8 / ``Wide character in print'', Overloaded objects, Threads

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

ALTERNATIVES
TESTING FRAMEWORKS
ADDITIONAL LIBRARIES
OTHER COMPONENTS
BUNDLES

AUTHORS

MAINTAINERS

Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>

BUGS

SOURCE

COPYRIGHT

Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: ok
EXAMPLE
CAVEATS
NOTES
HISTORY
SEE ALSO: Test::More
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS: Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT

Test::Tester - Ease testing test modules built with Test::Builder

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HOW TO USE ( THE EASY WAY )
HOW TO USE ( THE HARD WAY )
TEST RESULTS: ok, actual_ok, name, type, reason, diag, depth
SPACES AND TABS
COLOUR
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
HOW IT WORKS
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Test::Tester::Capture - Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Test::Tester::CaptureRunner - Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder

DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests

DESCRIPTION

Nuts and bolts of testing.
Where to start?
Names
Test the manual
Sometimes the tests are wrong
Testing lots of values
Informative names
Skipping tests
Todo tests
Testing with taint mode.

FOOTNOTES

AUTHORS

MAINTAINERS

Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>

COPYRIGHT

Test::use::ok - Alternative to Test::More::use_ok

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER: Chad Granum <exodist@cpan.org>
CC0 1.0 Universal

Text::Abbrev - abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE

Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

General behaviour in list contexts: [0], [1], [2]
General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
A note about prefixes
extract_delimited
extract_bracketed
extract_variable: [0], [1], [2]
extract_tagged: "reject => $listref", "ignore => $listref", "fail => $str", [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
gen_extract_tagged
extract_quotelike: [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
extract_quotelike and here documents: [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
extract_codeblock
extract_multiple
gen_delimited_pat
delimited_pat

DIAGNOSTICS

 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">,  C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>, 
C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">,  C<No quotelike
operator found after prefix: "%s">,  C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">, 
C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>,  C<Mismatched closing
bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">,  C<No block delimiter found after
quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>,  C<Missing second block for quotelike
"%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
/%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
tag>

AUTHOR

BUGS AND IRRITATIONS

COPYRIGHT

Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Text::Tabs - expand and unexpand tabs like unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS: expand, unexpand, $tabstop
EXAMPLE
SUBVERSION
BUGS
LICENSE

Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDES
EXAMPLES
SUBVERSION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Thread - Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)

DEPRECATED
HISTORY
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS: $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
LIST
), lock
VARIABLE,
async
BLOCK
;, Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait
VARIABLE,
cond_signal
VARIABLE,
cond_broadcast
VARIABLE,
yield
METHODS: join, detach, equal, tid, done
DEFUNCT: lock(\&sub), eval, flags
SEE ALSO

Thread::Queue - Thread-safe queues

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: Ordinary scalars, Array refs, Hash refs, Scalar refs, Objects based on the above
QUEUE CREATION: ->new(), ->new(
LIST
)
BASIC METHODS: ->enqueue(
LIST
), ->dequeue(), ->dequeue(
COUNT
), ->dequeue_nb(), ->dequeue_nb(
COUNT
), ->dequeue_timed(
TIMEOUT
), ->dequeue_timed(
TIMEOUT, COUNT
), ->pending(), ->end()
ADVANCED METHODS: ->peek(), ->peek(
INDEX
), ->insert(
INDEX, LIST
), ->extract(), ->extract(
INDEX
), ->extract(
INDEX, COUNT
)
NOTES
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

Thread::Semaphore - Thread-safe semaphores

VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS: ->new(), ->new(
NUMBER
), ->down(), ->down(
NUMBER
), ->down_nb(), ->down_nb(
NUMBER
), ->down_force(), ->down_force(
NUMBER
), ->up(), ->up(
NUMBER
)
NOTES
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: TIEARRAY
classname,
LIST, STORE
this, index, value,
FETCH
this, index,
FETCHSIZE
this,
STORESIZE
this, count,
EXTEND
this, count,
EXISTS
this, key,
DELETE
this, key,
CLEAR
this,
DESTROY
this,
PUSH
this,
LIST, POP
this,
SHIFT
this,
UNSHIFT
this,
LIST, SPLICE
this, offset, length,
LIST
CAVEATS
AUTHOR

Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

recsep
autochomp
mode
memory
dw_size
Option Format

Public Methods

flock
autochomp
defer, flush, discard, and autodefer
offset

Tying to an already-opened filehandle

Deferred Writing

Autodeferring

CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES

CAVEATS

SUBCLASSING

WHAT ABOUT DB_File?

AUTHOR

LICENSE

WARRANTY

THANKS

TODO

Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: TIEHANDLE
classname,
LIST, WRITE
this, scalar, length, offset,
PRINT
this,
LIST, PRINTF
this, format,
LIST, READ
this, scalar, length, offset,
READLINE
this,
GETC
this,
CLOSE
this,
OPEN
this, filename,
BINMODE
this,
EOF
this,
TELL
this,
SEEK
this, offset, whence,
DESTROY
this
MORE INFORMATION
COMPATIBILITY

Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied hashes

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: TIEHASH
classname,
LIST, STORE
this, key, value,
FETCH
this, key,
FIRSTKEY
this,
NEXTKEY
this, lastkey,
EXISTS
this, key,
DELETE
this, key,
CLEAR
this,
SCALAR
this
Inheriting from Tie::StdHash
Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash
SCALAR, UNTIE and DESTROY
MORE INFORMATION

Tie::Hash::NamedCapture - Named regexp capture buffers

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Inheriting from Tie::Memoize
EXAMPLE
BUGS
AUTHOR

Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
THREAD SUPPORT
STORABLE SUPPORT
RELIC SUPPORT
LICENSE
MAINTAINER
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TIESCALAR

classname,

LIST, FETCH

this,

STORE

this, value,

DESTROY

this

Tie::Scalar vs Tie::StdScalar

MORE INFORMATION

Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime ( $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $nanoseconds, $flags = 0), clock(), stat, stat

FH,

stat

EXPR,

lstat, lstat

FH,

lstat

EXPR

EXAMPLES

C API

DIAGNOSTICS

useconds or interval more than ...
negative time not invented yet
internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
useconds or uinterval equal to or more than 1000000
unimplemented in this platform

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and
GMT
time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

timelocal() and timegm()
timelocal_nocheck() and timegm_nocheck()
Year Value Interpretation
Limits of time_t
Ambiguous Local Times ( DST )
Non-Existent Local Times ( DST )
Negative Epoch Values

IMPLEMENTATION

BUGS

SUPPORT

COPYRIGHT

AUTHOR

Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USAGE

Local Locales
Date Calculations
Date Comparisons
Date Parsing
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
Week Number
Global Overriding

CAVEATS

Setting $ENV{ TZ } in Threads on Win32
Use of epoch seconds

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

SEE ALSO

BUGS

Time::Seconds - a simple
API
to convert seconds to other date values

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Bugs

Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

UNIVERSAL -
base class for
ALL
classes (blessed references)

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION: "$obj->isa( TYPE )", "CLASS->isa( TYPE )", "eval { VAL->isa( TYPE ) }", "TYPE", $obj, "CLASS", "VAL", "$obj->DOES( ROLE )", "CLASS->DOES( ROLE )", "$obj->can( METHOD )", "CLASS->can( METHOD )", "eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) }", "VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )"
WARNINGS
EXPORTS

Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Constructor and Tailoring: UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, highestFFFF, identical, ignoreChar, ignoreName, ignore_level2, katakana_before_hiragana, level, long_contraction, minimalFFFE, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, overrideOut, preprocess, rearrange, rewrite, suppress, table, undefChar, undefName, upper_before_lower, variable
Methods for Collation: "@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted)", "$result = $Collator->cmp($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->eq($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ne($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->lt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->le($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->gt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ge($a, $b)", "$sortKey = $Collator->getSortKey($string)", "$sortKeyForm = $Collator->viewSortKey($string)"
Methods for Searching: "$position = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position])", "($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position])", "$match_ref = $Collator->match($string, $substring)", "($match) = $Collator->match($string, $substring)", "@match = $Collator->gmatch($string, $substring)", "$count = $Collator->subst($string, $substring, $replacement)", "$count = $Collator->gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)"
Other Methods: "%old_tailoring = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)", "$modified_collator = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)", "$version = $Collator->version()", "UCA_Version()", "Base_Unicode_Version()"

EXPORT

INSTALL

CAVEATS

Normalization, Conformance Test

AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

SEE ALSO

Unicode Collation Algorithm -

UTS

#10, The Default Unicode Collation Element Table (

DUCET

), The conformance test for the

UCA,

Hangul Syllable Type, Unicode Normalization Forms -

UAX

#15, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (

LDML

) -

UTS

#35

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5 - weighting
CJK
Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO: CLDR -
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (
LDML
) -
UTS
#35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312 - weighting
CJK
Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO: CLDR -
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (
LDML
) -
UTS
#35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208 - weighting
JIS KANJI
for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO: Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean - weighting
CJK
Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO: CLDR -
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (
LDML
) -
UTS
#35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin - weighting
CJK
Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO: CLDR -
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (
LDML
) -
UTS
#35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke - weighting
CJK
Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO: CLDR -
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (
LDML
) -
UTS
#35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin - weighting
CJK
Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO: CLDR -
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (
LDML
) -
UTS
#35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::Locale - Linguistic tailoring for
DUCET
via Unicode::Collate

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Constructor
Methods: "$Collator->getlocale", "$Collator->locale_version"
A list of tailorable locales

INSTALL

CAVEAT

tailoring is not maximum

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Unicode Collation Algorithm -

UTS

#10, The Default Unicode Collation Element Table (

DUCET

), Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (

LDML

) -

UTS

#35,

CLDR -

Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize

Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Normalization Forms: "$NFD_string = NFD($string)", "$NFC_string = NFC($string)", "$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)", "$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)", "$FCD_string = FCD($string)", "$FCC_string = FCC($string)", "$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)"
Decomposition and Composition: "$decomposed_string = decompose($string [, $useCompatMapping])", "$reordered_string = reorder($string)", "$composed_string = compose($string)", "($processed, $unprocessed) = splitOnLastStarter($normalized)", "$processed = normalize_partial($form, $unprocessed)", "$processed = NFD_partial($unprocessed)", "$processed = NFC_partial($unprocessed)", "$processed = NFKD_partial($unprocessed)", "$processed = NFKC_partial($unprocessed)"
Quick Check: "$result = checkNFD($string)", "$result = checkNFC($string)", "$result = checkNFKD($string)", "$result = checkNFKC($string)", "$result = checkFCD($string)", "$result = checkFCC($string)", "$result = check($form_name, $string)"
Character Data: "$canonical_decomposition = getCanon($code_point)", "$compatibility_decomposition = getCompat($code_point)", "$code_point_composite = getComposite($code_point_here, $code_point_next)", "$combining_class = getCombinClass($code_point)", "$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code_point)", "$is_exclusion = isExclusion($code_point)", "$is_singleton = isSingleton($code_point)", "$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($code_point)", "$is_Full_Composition_Exclusion = isComp_Ex($code_point)", "$NFD_is_NO = isNFD_NO($code_point)", "$NFC_is_NO = isNFC_NO($code_point)", "$NFC_is_MAYBE = isNFC_MAYBE($code_point)", "$NFKD_is_NO = isNFKD_NO($code_point)", "$NFKC_is_NO = isNFKC_NO($code_point)", "$NFKC_is_MAYBE = isNFKC_MAYBE($code_point)"

EXPORT

CAVEATS

Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping, Revised definition of canonical composition

AUTHOR

Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

code point argument

charinfo()

code, name, category, combining, bidi, decomposition, decimal, digit, numeric, mirrored, unicode10, comment, upper, lower, title, block, script

charprop()

Block, Decomposition_Mapping, Name_Alias, Numeric_Value, Script_Extensions

charprops_all()

charblock()

charscript()

charblocks()

charscripts()

charinrange()

general_categories()

bidi_types()

compexcl()

casefold()

code, full, simple, mapping, status, * If you use this "I" mapping, * If you exclude this "I" mapping, turkic

all_casefolds()

casespec()

code, lower, title, upper, condition

namedseq()

num()

prop_aliases()

prop_values()

prop_value_aliases()

prop_invlist()

prop_invmap()

"s", "sl", "correction", "control", "alternate", "figment", "abbreviation", "a", "al", "ae", "ale", "ar", "n", "ad"

search_invlist()

Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion

Blocks versus Scripts

Matching Scripts and Blocks

Old-style versus new-style block names

AUTHOR

User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

System Specifics

NOTE

AUTHOR

HISTORY

March 18th, 2000

XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Migration from DynaLoader
Backward compatible boilerplate

Order of initialization: early load()

The most hairy case

DIAGNOSTICS

"Can't find '%s' symbol in %s", "Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s", "Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s"

LIMITATIONS

KNOWN BUGS

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION

Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet:

c2ph
h2ph
h2xs
perlbug
pl2pm
pod2html
pod2man
splain
xsubpp

AUTHOR

Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks.

Installed via

perl-doc

Man Section

1 • User Commands

extra • Version

2017-09-15

extra • Source

perl v5.26.0

extra • Book

Perl Programmers Reference Guide

References

bzip2 (1)

expand (1)

unexpand (1)

utime (2)

syslog (3)

perltoc • man page

perltoc • man page

perltoc (1)

Leading comments

NAME

DESCRIPTION

BASIC DOCUMENTATION

perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter

perlintro --- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

perlootut - Object-Oriented Programming in Perl Tutorial

perlperf - Perl Performance and Optimization Techniques

perlstyle - Perl style guide

perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl

perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl

perlfaq3 - Programming Tools

perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation

perlfaq5 - Files and Formats

perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions

perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues

perlfaq8 - System Interaction

perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking

perlsyn - Perl syntax

perldata - Perl data types

perlop - Perl operators and precedence

perlsub - Perl subroutines

perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

perlopentut - simple recipes for opening files and pipes in Perl

perlpacktut - tutorial on pack and unpack

perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

perlpodstyle - Perl POD style guide

perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

perldebug - Perl debugging

perlvar - Perl predefined variables

perlre - Perl regular expressions

perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and Escapes

perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes

perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference

perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

perlform - Perl formats

perlobj - Perl object reference

perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters

perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation

perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl

perlport - Writing portable Perl

perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)

perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

perlunicook - cookbookish examples of handling Unicode in Perl

perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ

perluniprops - Index of Unicode Version 7.0.0 character properties in Perl

perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms

perlsec - Perl security

perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

perlpragma - how to write a user pragma

perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

perlfilter - Source Filters

perldtrace - Perl's support for DTrace

perlglossary - Perl Glossary

perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

perlpodstyle - Perl
POD
style guide

perldbmfilter - Perl
DBM
Filters

perlunifaq - Perl Unicode
FAQ

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on
EBCDIC
platforms

perlmodinstall - Installing
CPAN
Modules

perlxs -
XS
language reference manual

perlxstypemap - Perl
XS
C/Perl type mapping

perlguts - Introduction to the Perl
API

perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public
API

perliol - C
API
for Perl's implementation of
IO
in Layers.

perlapio - perl's
IO
abstraction interface.

perlgpl - the
GNU
General Public License, version 1