couriertls is not usually run directly from the commandline. An application typically creates a network connection, then runs couriertls with appropriate options to encrypt the network connection with SSL/TLS.

OPTIONS

-host=host, -port=port

These options are used instead of -remotefd, mostly for debugging purposes. couriertls connects to the specified server and immediately starts SSL/TLS negotation when the connection is established.

-localfd=n

Read and write data to encrypt via SSL/TLS from file descriptor n.

-statusfd=n

Write SSL negotiation status to file descriptor n, then close this file descriptor. If SSL starts succesfully, reading on n gets an immediate EOF. Otherwise, a single line of text - the error message - is read; the file descriptor is closed; and couriertls terminates.

-printx509=n

Print the x509 certificate on file descriptor n then close it. The x509 certificate is printed before SSL/TLS encryption starts. The application may immediately read the certificate after running couriertls, until the file descriptor is closed.

-remotefd=n

File descriptor n is the network connection where SSL/TLS encryption is to be used.

-server

Negotiate server side of the SSL/TLS connection. If this option is not used the client side of the SSL/TLS connection is negotiated.

-tcpd

couriertls is being called from couriertcpd, and the remote socket is present on descriptors 0 and 1. -tcpd means, basically, the same as -remotefd=0, but couriertls closes file descriptor 1, and redirects file descriptor 1 to file descriptor 2.

-verify=domain

Verify that domain is set in the CN field of the trusted X.509 certificate presented by the SSL/TLS peer. TLS_TRUSTCERTS must be initialized (see below), and the certificate must be signed by one of the trusted certificates. The CN field can contain a wildcard: CN=*.example will match -verify=foo.example.com. For SSL/TLS clients, TLS_VERIFYPEER must be set to PEER (see below).

-protocol=proto

Send proto protocol commands before enabling SSL/TLS on the remote connection. proto is either "smtp" or "imap". This is a debugging option that can be used to troubleshoot SSL/TLS with a remote IMAP or SMTP server.

If the -remotefd=n option is not specified, the rest of the command line specifies the program to run -- and its arguments -- whose standard input and output is encrypted via SSL/TLS over the network connection. If the program is not specified, the standard input and output of couriertls itself is encrypted.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

couriertls reads the following environment variables in order to configure the SSL/TLS protocol:

TLS_PROTOCOL=proto

Set the protocol version. The possible versions are: SSL2, SSL3, TLS1.

TLS_CIPHER_LIST=cipherlist

Optionally set the list of protocol ciphers to be used. See OpenSSL's documentation for more information.

TLS_TIMEOUT=seconds

Currently not implemented, and reserved for future use. This is supposed to be an inactivity timeout, but it's not yet implemented.

TLS_DHCERTFILE=filename

PEM file that stores our Diffie-Hellman cipher pair. When OpenSSL is compiled to use Diffie-Hellman ciphers instead of RSA you must generate a DH pair that will be used. In most situations the DH pair is to be treated as confidential, and filename must not be world-readable.

TLS_CERTFILE=filename

The certificate to use. TLS_CERTFILE is required for SSL/TLS servers, and is optional for SSL/TLS clients. filename must not be world-readable.

TLS_TRUSTCERTS=pathname

Load trusted root certificates from pathname. pathname can be a file or a directory. If a file, the file should contain a list of trusted certificates, in PEM format. If a directory, the directory should contain the trusted certificates, in PEM format, one per file and hashed using OpenSSL's c_rehash script. TLS_TRUSTCERTS is used by SSL/TLS clients (by specifying the -domain option) and by SSL/TLS servers (TLS_VERIFYPEER is set to PEER or REQUIREPEER).

TLS_VERIFYPEER=level

Whether to verify peer's X.509 certificate. The exact meaning of this option depends upon whether couriertls is used in the client or server mode. In server mode: NONE - do not request an X.509 certificate from the client; PEER - request an optional X.509 certificate from the client, if the client returns one, the SSL/TLS connection is shut down unless the certificate is signed by a trusted certificate authority (see TLS_TRUSTCERTS); REQUIREPEER - same as PEER, except that the SSL/TLS connects is also shut down if the client does not return the optional X.509 certificate. In client mode: NONE - ignore the server's X.509 certificate; PEER - verify the server's X.509 certificate according to the -domain option, (see above).

SEE ALSO

m[blue]couriertcpd(1)m[]

AUTHOR

Sam Varshavchik

Author

NOTES

1.

couriertcpd(1)

[set $man.base.url.for.relative.links]/couriertcpd.html

2.

courier(8)

[set $man.base.url.for.relative.links]/courier.html