GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.26.1 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or (at your option) a later version. This program has absolutely no warranty.

Usage: ld [options] file... Options: -a KEYWORD Shared library control for HP/UX compatibility -A ARCH, --architecture ARCH Set architecture -b TARGET, --format TARGET Specify target for following input files -c FILE, --mri-script FILE Read MRI format linker script -d, -dc, -dp Force common symbols to be defined -e ADDRESS, --entry ADDRESS Set start address -E, --export-dynamic Export all dynamic symbols --no-export-dynamic Undo the effect of --export-dynamic -EB Link big-endian objects -EL Link little-endian objects -f SHLIB, --auxiliary SHLIB Auxiliary filter for shared object symbol table -F SHLIB, --filter SHLIB Filter for shared object symbol table -g Ignored -G SIZE, --gpsize SIZE Small data size (if no size, same as --shared) -h FILENAME, -soname FILENAME Set internal name of shared library -I PROGRAM, --dynamic-linker PROGRAM Set PROGRAM as the dynamic linker to use --no-dynamic-linker Produce an executable with no program interpreter header -l LIBNAME, --library LIBNAME Search for library LIBNAME -L DIRECTORY, --library-path DIRECTORY Add DIRECTORY to library search path --sysroot=<DIRECTORY> Override the default sysroot location -m EMULATION Set emulation -M, --print-map Print map file on standard output -n, --nmagic Do not page align data -N, --omagic Do not page align data, do not make text readonly --no-omagic Page align data, make text readonly -o FILE, --output FILE Set output file name -O Optimize output file -plugin PLUGIN Load named plugin -plugin-opt ARG Send arg to last-loaded plugin -flto Ignored for GCC LTO option compatibility -flto-partition= Ignored for GCC LTO option compatibility -fuse-ld= Ignored for GCC linker option compatibility --map-whole-files Ignored for gold option compatibility --no-map-whole-files Ignored for gold option compatibility -Qy Ignored for SVR4 compatibility -q, --emit-relocs Generate relocations in final output -r, -i, --relocatable Generate relocatable output -R FILE, --just-symbols FILE Just link symbols (if directory, same as --rpath) -s, --strip-all Strip all symbols -S, --strip-debug Strip debugging symbols --strip-discarded Strip symbols in discarded sections --no-strip-discarded Do not strip symbols in discarded sections -t, --trace Trace file opens -T FILE, --script FILE Read linker script --default-script FILE, -dT Read default linker script -u SYMBOL, --undefined SYMBOL Start with undefined reference to SYMBOL --require-defined SYMBOL Require SYMBOL be defined in the final output --unique [=SECTION] Don't merge input [SECTION | orphan] sections -Ur Build global constructor/destructor tables -v, --version Print version information -V Print version and emulation information -x, --discard-all Discard all local symbols -X, --discard-locals Discard temporary local symbols (default) --discard-none Don't discard any local symbols -y SYMBOL, --trace-symbol SYMBOL Trace mentions of SYMBOL -Y PATH Default search path for Solaris compatibility -(, --start-group Start a group -), --end-group End a group --accept-unknown-input-arch Accept input files whose architecture cannot be determined --no-accept-unknown-input-arch Reject input files whose architecture is unknown --as-needed Only set DT_NEEDED for following dynamic libs if used --no-as-needed Always set DT_NEEDED for dynamic libraries mentioned on the command line -assert KEYWORD Ignored for SunOS compatibility -Bdynamic, -dy, -call_shared Link against shared libraries -Bstatic, -dn, -non_shared, -static Do not link against shared libraries -Bsymbolic Bind global references locally -Bsymbolic-functions Bind global function references locally --check-sections Check section addresses for overlaps (default) --no-check-sections Do not check section addresses for overlaps --copy-dt-needed-entries Copy DT_NEEDED links mentioned inside DSOs that follow --no-copy-dt-needed-entries Do not copy DT_NEEDED links mentioned inside DSOs that follow --cref Output cross reference table --defsym SYMBOL=EXPRESSION Define a symbol --demangle [=STYLE] Demangle symbol names [using STYLE] --embedded-relocs Generate embedded relocs --fatal-warnings Treat warnings as errors --no-fatal-warnings Do not treat warnings as errors (default) -fini SYMBOL Call SYMBOL at unload-time --force-exe-suffix Force generation of file with .exe suffix --gc-sections Remove unused sections (on some targets) --no-gc-sections Don't remove unused sections (default) --print-gc-sections List removed unused sections on stderr --no-print-gc-sections Do not list removed unused sections --hash-size=<NUMBER> Set default hash table size close to <NUMBER> --help Print option help -init SYMBOL Call SYMBOL at load-time -Map FILE Write a map file --no-define-common Do not define Common storage --no-demangle Do not demangle symbol names --no-keep-memory Use less memory and more disk I/O --no-undefined Do not allow unresolved references in object files --allow-shlib-undefined Allow unresolved references in shared libraries --no-allow-shlib-undefined Do not allow unresolved references in shared libs --allow-multiple-definition Allow multiple definitions --no-undefined-version Disallow undefined version --default-symver Create default symbol version --default-imported-symver Create default symbol version for imported symbols --no-warn-mismatch Don't warn about mismatched input files --no-warn-search-mismatch Don't warn on finding an incompatible library --no-whole-archive Turn off --whole-archive --noinhibit-exec Create an output file even if errors occur -nostdlib Only use library directories specified on the command line --oformat TARGET Specify target of output file --print-output-format Print default output format --print-sysroot Print current sysroot -qmagic Ignored for Linux compatibility --reduce-memory-overheads Reduce memory overheads, possibly taking much longer --relax Reduce code size by using target specific optimizations --no-relax Do not use relaxation techniques to reduce code size --retain-symbols-file FILE Keep only symbols listed in FILE -rpath PATH Set runtime shared library search path -rpath-link PATH Set link time shared library search path -shared, -Bshareable Create a shared library -pie, --pic-executable Create a position independent executable --sort-common [=ascending|descending] Sort common symbols by alignment [in specified order] --sort-section name|alignment Sort sections by name or maximum alignment --spare-dynamic-tags COUNT How many tags to reserve in .dynamic section --split-by-file [=SIZE] Split output sections every SIZE octets --split-by-reloc [=COUNT] Split output sections every COUNT relocs --stats Print memory usage statistics --target-help Display target specific options --task-link SYMBOL Do task level linking --traditional-format Use same format as native linker --section-start SECTION=ADDRESS Set address of named section -Tbss ADDRESS Set address of .bss section -Tdata ADDRESS Set address of .data section -Ttext ADDRESS Set address of .text section -Ttext-segment ADDRESS Set address of text segment -Trodata-segment ADDRESS Set address of rodata segment -Tldata-segment ADDRESS Set address of ldata segment --unresolved-symbols=<method> How to handle unresolved symbols. <method> is: ignore-all, report-all, ignore-in-object-files, ignore-in-shared-libs --verbose [=NUMBER] Output lots of information during link --version-script FILE Read version information script --version-exports-section SYMBOL Take export symbols list from .exports, using SYMBOL as the version. --dynamic-list-data Add data symbols to dynamic list --dynamic-list-cpp-new Use C++ operator new/delete dynamic list --dynamic-list-cpp-typeinfo Use C++ typeinfo dynamic list --dynamic-list FILE Read dynamic list --warn-common Warn about duplicate common symbols --warn-constructors Warn if global constructors/destructors are seen --warn-multiple-gp Warn if the multiple GP values are used --warn-once Warn only once per undefined symbol --warn-section-align Warn if start of section changes due to alignment --warn-shared-textrel Warn if shared object has DT_TEXTREL --warn-alternate-em Warn if an object has alternate ELF machine code --warn-unresolved-symbols Report unresolved symbols as warnings --error-unresolved-symbols Report unresolved symbols as errors --whole-archive Include all objects from following archives --wrap SYMBOL Use wrapper functions for SYMBOL --ignore-unresolved-symbol SYMBOL Unresolved SYMBOL will not cause an error or warning --push-state Push state of flags governing input file handling --pop-state Pop state of flags governing input file handling --print-memory-usage Report target memory usage --orphan-handling =MODE Control how orphan sections are handled. @FILE Read options from FILE ld: supported targets: elf64-x86-64 elf32-i386 elf32-iamcu elf32-x86-64 a.out-i386-linux pei-i386 pei-x86-64 elf64-l1om elf64-k1om elf64-little elf64-big elf32-little elf32-big pe-x86-64 pe-bigobj-x86-64 pe-i386 plugin srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex ld: supported emulations: elf_x86_64 elf32_x86_64 elf_i386 elf_iamcu i386linux elf_l1om elf_k1om i386pep i386pe ld: emulation specific options: ELF emulations: --ld-generated-unwind-info Generate exception handling info for PLT --no-ld-generated-unwind-info Don't generate exception handling info for PLT --build-id[=STYLE] Generate build ID note --compress-debug-sections=[none|zlib|zlib-gnu|zlib-gabi] Compress DWARF debug sections using zlib Default: none -z common-page-size=SIZE Set common page size to SIZE -z max-page-size=SIZE Set maximum page size to SIZE -z defs Report unresolved symbols in object files. -z muldefs Allow multiple definitions -z execstack Mark executable as requiring executable stack -z noexecstack Mark executable as not requiring executable stack --audit=AUDITLIB Specify a library to use for auditing -Bgroup Selects group name lookup rules for DSO --disable-new-dtags Disable new dynamic tags --enable-new-dtags Enable new dynamic tags --eh-frame-hdr Create .eh_frame_hdr section --exclude-libs=LIBS Make all symbols in LIBS hidden --hash-style=STYLE Set hash style to sysv, gnu or both -P AUDITLIB, --depaudit=AUDITLIB Specify a library to use for auditing dependencies -z combreloc Merge dynamic relocs into one section and sort -z nocombreloc Don't merge dynamic relocs into one section -z global Make symbols in DSO available for subsequently loaded objects -z initfirst Mark DSO to be initialized first at runtime -z interpose Mark object to interpose all DSOs but executable -z lazy Mark object lazy runtime binding (default) -z loadfltr Mark object requiring immediate process -z nocopyreloc Don't create copy relocs -z nodefaultlib Mark object not to use default search paths -z nodelete Mark DSO non-deletable at runtime -z nodlopen Mark DSO not available to dlopen -z nodump Mark DSO not available to dldump -z now Mark object non-lazy runtime binding -z origin Mark object requiring immediate $ORIGIN processing at runtime -z relro Create RELRO program header -z norelro Don't create RELRO program header -z stacksize=SIZE Set size of stack segment -z text Treat DT_TEXTREL in shared object as error -z notext Don't treat DT_TEXTREL in shared object as error -z textoff Don't treat DT_TEXTREL in shared object as error elf_x86_64: -z noextern-protected-data Do not treat protected data symbol as external -z call-nop=PADDING Use PADDING as 1-byte NOP for branch -z bndplt Always generate BND prefix in PLT entries elf32_x86_64: -z noextern-protected-data Do not treat protected data symbol as external -z call-nop=PADDING Use PADDING as 1-byte NOP for branch elf_i386: -z noextern-protected-data Do not treat protected data symbol as external -z call-nop=PADDING Use PADDING as 1-byte NOP for branch elf_iamcu: -z noextern-protected-data Do not treat protected data symbol as external -z call-nop=PADDING Use PADDING as 1-byte NOP for branch elf_l1om: -z noextern-protected-data Do not treat protected data symbol as external -z call-nop=PADDING Use PADDING as 1-byte NOP for branch elf_k1om: -z noextern-protected-data Do not treat protected data symbol as external -z call-nop=PADDING Use PADDING as 1-byte NOP for branch i386pep: --base_file <basefile> Generate a base file for relocatable DLLs --dll Set image base to the default for DLLs --file-alignment <size> Set file alignment --heap <size> Set initial size of the heap --image-base <address> Set start address of the executable --major-image-version <number> Set version number of the executable --major-os-version <number> Set minimum required OS version --major-subsystem-version <number> Set minimum required OS subsystem version --minor-image-version <number> Set revision number of the executable --minor-os-version <number> Set minimum required OS revision --minor-subsystem-version <number> Set minimum required OS subsystem revision --section-alignment <size> Set section alignment --stack <size> Set size of the initial stack --subsystem <name>[:<version>] Set required OS subsystem [& version] --support-old-code Support interworking with old code --[no-]leading-underscore Set explicit symbol underscore prefix mode --[no-]insert-timestamp Use a real timestamp rather than zero. (default) This makes binaries non-deterministic --add-stdcall-alias Export symbols with and without @nn --disable-stdcall-fixup Don't link _sym to _sym@nn --enable-stdcall-fixup Link _sym to _sym@nn without warnings --exclude-symbols sym,sym,... Exclude symbols from automatic export --exclude-all-symbols Exclude all symbols from automatic export --exclude-libs lib,lib,... Exclude libraries from automatic export --exclude-modules-for-implib mod,mod,... Exclude objects, archive members from auto export, place into import library instead. --export-all-symbols Automatically export all globals to DLL --kill-at Remove @nn from exported symbols --out-implib <file> Generate import library --output-def <file> Generate a .DEF file for the built DLL --warn-duplicate-exports Warn about duplicate exports. --compat-implib Create backward compatible import libs; create __imp_<SYMBOL> as well. --enable-auto-image-base Automatically choose image base for DLLs unless user specifies one --disable-auto-image-base Do not auto-choose image base. (default) --dll-search-prefix=<string> When linking dynamically to a dll without an importlib, use <string><basename>.dll in preference to lib<basename>.dll --enable-auto-import Do sophisticated linking of _sym to __imp_sym for DATA references --disable-auto-import Do not auto-import DATA items from DLLs --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc Work around auto-import limitations by adding pseudo-relocations resolved at runtime. --disable-runtime-pseudo-reloc Do not add runtime pseudo-relocations for auto-imported DATA. --enable-extra-pep-debug Enable verbose debug output when building or linking to DLLs (esp. auto-import) --enable-long-section-names Use long COFF section names even in executable image files --disable-long-section-names Never use long COFF section names, even in object files --high-entropy-va Image is compatible with 64-bit address space layout randomization (ASLR) --dynamicbase Image base address may be relocated using address space layout randomization (ASLR) --forceinteg Code integrity checks are enforced --nxcompat Image is compatible with data execution prevention --no-isolation Image understands isolation but do not isolate the image --no-seh Image does not use SEH. No SE handler may be called in this image --no-bind Do not bind this image --wdmdriver Driver uses the WDM model --tsaware Image is Terminal Server aware --build-id[=STYLE] Generate build ID i386pe: --base_file <basefile> Generate a base file for relocatable DLLs --dll Set image base to the default for DLLs --file-alignment <size> Set file alignment --heap <size> Set initial size of the heap --image-base <address> Set start address of the executable --major-image-version <number> Set version number of the executable --major-os-version <number> Set minimum required OS version --major-subsystem-version <number> Set minimum required OS subsystem version --minor-image-version <number> Set revision number of the executable --minor-os-version <number> Set minimum required OS revision --minor-subsystem-version <number> Set minimum required OS subsystem revision --section-alignment <size> Set section alignment --stack <size> Set size of the initial stack --subsystem <name>[:<version>] Set required OS subsystem [& version] --support-old-code Support interworking with old code --[no-]leading-underscore Set explicit symbol underscore prefix mode --thumb-entry=<symbol> Set the entry point to be Thumb <symbol> --[no-]insert-timestamp Use a real timestamp rather than zero (default). This makes binaries non-deterministic --add-stdcall-alias Export symbols with and without @nn --disable-stdcall-fixup Don't link _sym to _sym@nn --enable-stdcall-fixup Link _sym to _sym@nn without warnings --exclude-symbols sym,sym,... Exclude symbols from automatic export --exclude-all-symbols Exclude all symbols from automatic export --exclude-libs lib,lib,... Exclude libraries from automatic export --exclude-modules-for-implib mod,mod,... Exclude objects, archive members from auto export, place into import library instead. --export-all-symbols Automatically export all globals to DLL --kill-at Remove @nn from exported symbols --out-implib <file> Generate import library --output-def <file> Generate a .DEF file for the built DLL --warn-duplicate-exports Warn about duplicate exports --compat-implib Create backward compatible import libs; create __imp_<SYMBOL> as well. --enable-auto-image-base[=<address>] Automatically choose image base for DLLs (optionally starting with address) unless specifically set with --image-base --disable-auto-image-base Do not auto-choose image base. (default) --dll-search-prefix=<string> When linking dynamically to a dll without an importlib, use <string><basename>.dll in preference to lib<basename>.dll --enable-auto-import Do sophisticated linking of _sym to __imp_sym for DATA references --disable-auto-import Do not auto-import DATA items from DLLs --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc Work around auto-import limitations by adding pseudo-relocations resolved at runtime. --disable-runtime-pseudo-reloc Do not add runtime pseudo-relocations for auto-imported DATA. --enable-extra-pe-debug Enable verbose debug output when building or linking to DLLs (esp. auto-import) --large-address-aware Executable supports virtual addresses greater than 2 gigabytes --disable-large-address-aware Executable does not support virtual addresses greater than 2 gigabytes --enable-long-section-names Use long COFF section names even in executable image files --disable-long-section-names Never use long COFF section names, even in object files --dynamicbase Image base address may be relocated using address space layout randomization (ASLR) --forceinteg Code integrity checks are enforced --nxcompat Image is compatible with data execution prevention --no-isolation Image understands isolation but do not isolate the image --no-seh Image does not use SEH. No SE handler may be called in this image --no-bind Do not bind this image --wdmdriver Driver uses the WDM model --tsaware Image is Terminal Server aware --build-id[=STYLE] Generate build ID Report bugs to <http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/>